Basic concept of MySQL database and deployment of MySQL version 8.0 (I)

MySQL The basic concept of database and MySQL8.0 Version deployment

List of articles

• MySQL The basic concept of database and MySQL8.0 Version deployment
• 1.MySQL Database related concepts
• • • 1.1. Terminology in the database
    • 1.2. Mainstream database software
    • 1.3. The concept of relational database
    • 1.4.MySQL The data model of the database
    • 1.5.MySQL Database version
  • 2. stay Linux In the system MySQL database
  • • 2.1. download MySQL Database installation package
    • 2.2. install MySQL Database system
    • 2.3. start-up MySQL service
    • 2.4. see MySQL Automatically generated root User password
    • 2.5. land MySQL Database system
    • 2.6. modify root User's password
    • 2.7. Set allowed root User remote login
    • 2.8. Use Navicat Remote connection MySQL database

1.MySQL Database related concepts

1.1. Terminology in the database

• database
  • The warehouse that actually stores data , The data in the warehouse is organized 、 Storage with sequence .
  • The database is called DateBase, abbreviation DB.
• Database management system
  • A large software system that operates and manages databases , For example, common MySQL、Oracle、PostgreSQL And so on are database software .
  • Database management system DateBase Management System, abbreviation DBMS.
• SQL
  • Programming language for operating relational databases , adopt SQL It is very convenient to add, delete, modify and query the data in the database .
  • SQL The full name is Structured Query Language.

1.2. Mainstream database software

The mainstream databases are Oracle、MySQL、SQL Server、PostgreSQL, One of the most mainstream is MySQL database .

• Oracle： Large charging database ,Oracle The products of the company , Expensive .

• MySQL： Open source free small and medium-sized databases , later Sun The company acquired MySQL, and Oracle Buy again Sun company . at present Oracle Launched a paid version of MySQL, A free community version is also available .SQL Server：Microsoft Medium sized companies charge for launching databases ,C#、.net And other languages are commonly used .

• PostgreSQL： Open source free small and medium-sized databases .

• DB2：IBM The company's large charging database products .

• SQLLite： Embedded micro database .Android The built-in database adopts this database .

• MariaDB： Open source free small and medium-sized databases . yes MySQL Another branch of the database 、 Another derivative .

1.3. The concept of relational database

Relational database , abbreviation RBDMS, A relational database is based on a relational model , A database consisting of multiple interrelated two-dimensional tables , As shown in the figure below , There are personnel information form and occupation information form , There is a in the personnel information table job Field , This field corresponds to the occupation name , There is a job_name Field , Stored in this field is the name of the profession , Logically speaking , These two data tables are related ,job and job_name Fields correspond to each other .

Features of relational database ：

• Use tables to store data , use the same pattern , Easy to maintain .
• Individual fields in the related tables will correspond one by one , have access to SQL Language , Query uniformly .

1.4.MySQL The data model of the database

MySQL The data model of is shown in the figure below , Client connection DBMS, That is, database system , such as MySQL, Use SQL Statement can be in MySQL Multiple databases can be created in the database management system , Multiple tables can be created in one database , Unlimited data can be stored in the table .

1.5.MySQL Database version

MySQL Two different versions are officially available ：

• Community version （MySQL Community Server）

  • free , MySQL No technical support .

• Commercial version （MySQL Enterprise Edition）

  • charge , have access to 30 God , Official technical support

2. stay Linux In the system MySQL database

2.1. download MySQL Database installation package

MySQL Download address of database ：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/, This time MySQL Database version selection 8.0.26, And use rpm The way packages are built , As shown in the figure below , find RPM Bundle, Click the download button on the right , This package contains all MySQL8.0.26 Version required RPM package .

[[email protected] aa]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

2.2. install MySQL Database system

1） decompression MySQL The package

MySQL8.0.26 Version all of rpm The packages are all in this compressed package .

[[email protected] mysql-tools]# mkdir mysql-rpm
[[email protected] mysql-tools]# tar xf mysql-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C mysql-rpm/
[[email protected] mysql-tools]# ll mysql-rpm/
 Total usage  789340
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  47836256 7 month    2 2021 mysql-community-client-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   4694644 7 month    2 2021 mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415    634632 7 month    2 2021 mysql-community-common-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   6806272 7 month    2 2021 mysql-community-devel-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415  23638156 7 month    2 2021 mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   4243808 7 month    2 2021 mysql-community-libs-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415   1264168 7 month    2 2021 mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 454689776 7 month    2 2021 mysql-community-server-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 264457624 7 month    2 2021 mysql-community-test-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

2） Install one by one in sequence MySQL Of rpm package

1. Software package since installation 
[[email protected] mysql-tools]# yum install openssl-devel

2. Install in the following order MySQL
[[email protected] mysql-tools]# cd mysql-rpm/
[[email protected] mysql-rpm]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
[[email protected] mysql-rpm]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
[[email protected] mysql-rpm]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
[[email protected] mysql-rpm]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[[email protected] mysql-rpm]# rpm -ivh  mysql-community-devel-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[[email protected] mysql-rpm]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[[email protected] mysql-rpm]# rpm -ivh  mysql-community-server-8.0.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

2.3. start-up MySQL service

1. start-up mysql
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable mysqld

2. see mysql The process of 
[[email protected] ~]# ps aux | grep mysql
mysql    13662  1.3  4.6 1771784 369128 ?      Ssl  21:01   0:01 /usr/sbin/mysqld

3. see mysql Port number 
[[email protected] ~]# netstat -lnpt | grep mysql
tcp6       0      0 :::33060                :::*                    LISTEN      13662/mysqld        
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      13662/mysqld  

2.4. see MySQL Automatically generated root User password

The last field is root Password , It's not easy to remember .

[[email protected] ~]# grep 'password' /var/log/mysqld.log 
2022-05-01T13:01:06.618860Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: 7DdaV)CKiJ;i

2.5. land MySQL Database system

[[email protected] ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.26

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

3Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

2.6. modify root User's password

Randomly generated by the system root Passwords are not easy to remember , Let's get down to root Change your password ,MySQL 5.7 There are certain requirements for password complexity after version , But it can also be adjusted .

1） adjustment MySQL Complexity of account password

Set the complexity of the password to simple mode , And set the length of the password to the minimum 6 position .

mysql> set global validate_password.policy = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password.length = 6;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

2） modify root Password

mysql> ALTER  USER  'root'@'localhost'  IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

2.7. Set allowed root User remote login

stay MySQL 8.x in , By default , Systematic root User only allowed localhost Connect , No remote access , We also need to create another one named root Account number , For remote access .

mysql> create user 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%';

2.8. Use Navicat Remote connection MySQL database