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网络爬虫
2022-07-01 06:17:00 【HHYZBC】
目录
爬虫是什么
爬虫又可以叫做网页蜘蛛,网页机器人。可以模拟客户端,发送网页请求,接收请求响应。是一种按照一定的规则,自动的抓取互联网信息的程序。
爬虫的作用
- 数据采集
- 软件测试
- 网络安全
- 网络的投票等
爬虫的分类
- 通用爬虫
- 常见的搜索引擎则就是通用爬虫
- 聚焦爬虫
- 用来专门的抓取某一个(某一类)网址的数据
根据是否以获取数据为目的,可以分为:
功能性爬虫
数据增量爬虫
根据url地址何对应的页面内容是否改变,数据增量爬虫可以分为:
基于url地址变化,内容也会随之变化的数据增量爬虫
新数据
url地址不变,内容变化的数据增量爬虫
数据部分变化
爬虫的流程
获取一个url
向url发送请求,并获取响应(需要http协议)
如果从响应中提取url,则继续发送请求获取响应
如果从响应中提取数据,则将数据进行保存
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