当前位置:网站首页>【【实验分享】CCIE—BGP路由黑洞实验】
【【实验分享】CCIE—BGP路由黑洞实验】
2022-07-26 19:43:00 【GLAB-Mary】
实验目的:
l掌握BGP路由黑洞的运行原理
l如何解决路由黑洞
实验说明:
l通过此实验练习,可以更好理解路由黑洞原理
实验环境:
l三台支持SPSERVICES的IOS的路由器
l直通线
实验拓扑:

实验步骤:
R1(config)#interface f0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#int lo 0
R1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
R1(config)#router ospf 110
R1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
R1(config-router)#network 12.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 a 0
R1(config-router)#network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 a 0
R1(config)#int lo 11
R1(config-if)#ip address 11.11.11.11 255.255.255.255
R1(config)#router bgp 100
R1(config-router)#bgp router-id 1.1.1.1
R1(config-router)#neighbor 3.3.3.3 remote-as 100
R1(config-router)#neighbor 3.3.3.3 update-source lo 0{建立IBGP邻居关系,需要手动指定通过Loop口建立会话。}
R1(config-router)#network 11.11.11.11 mask 255.255.255.255{宣告一条11.11.11.11的路由}
R2(config)#interface f0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#int f1/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 23.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config)#router ospf 110
R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2
R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2
R2(config-router)#network 12.1.1.2 0.0.0.0 a 0
R2(config-router)#network 23.1.1.2 0.0.0.0 a 0
R3(config)#interface f1/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 23.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#int lo 0
R3(config-if)#ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
R3(config)#router ospf 110
R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3
R3(config-router)#network 23.1.1.3 0.0.0.0 a 0
R3(config-router)#network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 a 0
R3(config)#router bgp 100
R3(config-router)#bgp router-id 3.3.3.3
R3(config-router)#neighbor 1.1.1.1 remote-as 100
R3(config-router)#neighbor 1.1.1.1 update-source lo 0
R3(config-router)#network 33.33.33.33 mask 255.255.255.255
R3(config)#int lo 33
R3(config-if)#ip address 33.33.33.33 255.255.255.255
此时R1能收到33.33.33.33 R3收到11.11.11.11
R1#show ip bgp
Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path
*> 11.11.11.11/32 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i{R1本地产生自己的路由}
*>i33.33.33.33/32 3.3.3.3 0 100 0 i{这里的i表示通过ibgp学到}{通过R3学到33.33.33.33}
R3同理
测试:R1的源11.11.11.11 ping R3的33.33.33.33
R1#ping 33.33.33.33 source lo 11
…
分析:
由于R1能获取到R3的路由,因此将去往33.33.33.33的流量通过路由表发送给R2,而此时R2收到此流量时,发现目的地位33.33.33.33
由于R2没有建立任何IBGP邻居,因此无法收到33.33.33.33.因此R2是没有任何路由匹配而丢弃该流量。此现象为路由黑洞
解决方法:
1,在R2上将BGP重分布到ospf使得R2能收到33.33.33.33
2,R2手动产生关于33.33.33.33的路由以及11.11.11.11的路由
如:R2 ip route 33.33.33.33 255.255.255.255 23.1.1.3
3,R1,R2,R3做IBGP全互联
4,Mpls打标记
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