HCIA dynamic routing rip basic experiment

Dynamic routing is a concept relative to static routing , It refers to the router can automatically establish its own routing table according to the specific routing information exchanged between routers , And it can adjust automatically according to the changes of links and nodes . When the nodes in the network or the links between nodes fail , Or when there are other available routes , Dynamic routing can choose the best available route and continue to forward messages .

Advantages and disadvantages of static protocols ：

shortcoming ：1、 Large and medium-sized network configurations

      2、 It cannot be changed in real time based on the change of topology

advantage ：

      1、 No additional temporary physical resources

      2、 safety problem

      3、 Calculate the path problem

So it's simple 、 Static routing is recommended for small networks ; Medium and large complex networks , It is recommended to use dynamic ;

Dynamic routing protocol ： Communication between routers , negotiation , Calculate and automatically generate routing table ; After the topology changes , It can converge in real time （ Recalculate ） To adapt to the new structure ;

RIP： Routing information protocol     Distance vector protocol   

There is V1/V2/NG（ The next generation IPV6 special ）

be based on UDP520 Port operation ; Use hops as a measure ; Update the way ：30s Cycle update 、 Trigger update

Cycle update -- Keep alive    Substitute confirmation      priority 100; Support overhead load balancing ;

V1 and V2 The difference between ：

1. V1 Classified agreement , No subnet mask , The molecular network cannot be divided and summarized ;

   V2 Classless agreement , Carry subnet mask , Conduct VLSM And subnet summary , Hypernetwork is not supported ;

1. V1 Broadcast updates --255.255.255.255   V2 Multicast update --224.0.0.9
2. V2 Support manual authentication

Next is our experiment today

  The first step is to build a network foundation , Yes 192.168.1.0/24 Divide the subnet and configure the interface of routers IP

  Topology design and interfaces IP Here's the picture

  Because the router defaults to v1 So input for each router

rip 1
ver 2

Come down and announce , Because every network segment passes 192.168.1.0/24 Divide , So every router declares 192.168.1.0

Input
network 192.168.1.0

It is necessary to reach the whole network , To pass the R3 towards R1 R2 Send default route

Yes R3 Input

default-route originate

see R1,R1 Only look at the routing table of RIP

Input
display ip routing-table p rip

 

  You can see R1,R2 One more default is added automatically

Since then, it has reached the whole network , use R1 Go to pingR3 The loopback of

ping 3.3.3.3

  The next step is to ensure the update security and encrypt each interface

 

R1

int g0/0/0
rip authentication-mode md5 usual cipher 456789

R2

int g0/0/0
rip authentication-mode md5 usual cipher 456789
int g0/0/1
rip authentication-mode md5 usual cipher 123456

R3

int g0/0/0
rip authentication-mode md5 usual cipher 123456

To reduce the number of routing entries , Summarize routes , To look at first R3 The routing table for

You can see five RIP

Input

R1

int g0/0/0
rip summary-address 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.192   （ This subnet mask should be written in decimal ）

R2

int g0/0/0
rip summary-address 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.192 （ This subnet mask should be written in decimal ）
int g0/0/1
rip summary-address 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.192 （ This subnet mask should be written in decimal ）

Look again R3 The routing table for , There are only three routes

  Finally, in order to avoid the generation of loops R1 R2 Just add an empty interface

R1

ip route-static 192.168.1.64 26 NULL 0

R2

ip route-static 192.168.1.128 26 NULL 0

End of experiment .

summary R1 R2 R3 Enter the code

R1

int g0/0/0
ip add 192.168.1.1 30
int loop0
ip add 192.168.1.65 27
int loop1
ip add 192.168.1.97 27
rip 1
ver 2
network 192.168.1.0
int g0/0/0
rip authentication-mode md5 usual cipher 456789
int g0/0/0
rip summary-address 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.192
ip route-static 192.168.1.64 26 NULL 0
 

R2

int g0/0/0
ip add 192.168.1.2 30
int g0/0/1
ip add 192.168.1.5 30
int loop0
ip add 192.168.1.129 27
int loop1
ip add 192.168.1.161 27
rip 1
ver 2
network 192.168.1.0
int g0/0/0
rip authentication-mode md5 usual cipher 456789
int g0/0/1
rip authentication-mode md5 usual cipher 123456
int g0/0/0
rip summary-address 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.192
int g0/0/1
rip summary-address 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.192
ip route-static 192.168.1.128 26 NULL 0
 

R3

int g0/0/0
ip add 192.168.1.6 30
int loop0
ip add 3.3.3.3 24
rip 1
ver 2
network 192.168.1.0
default-route originate
int g0/0/0
rip authentication-mode md5 usual cipher 123456