Huakaiyun (Zhiyin) | virtual host: what is a virtual host

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Virtual host （ English ：virtual hosting） Or called   Shared host （shared web hosting）, also called Virtual server , On a single host or host group , How to implement multi domain services , Can run multiple Website Or service technology . Virtual hosts are completely independent , And can be managed by users themselves , Virtual does not mean that there is no , It means that the space is extended from the server of the entity , Its Hardware The system can be based on server clusters , Or a single server .

Its technology is Internet The server Server savings adopted Hardware Cost technology , Virtual host technology is mainly used in HTTP,FTP,EMAIL And many other services , One or all services of a server Logic Divided into multiple service units , The external representation is multiple servers , So as to make full use of server hardware resources . If the partition is system level , It's called a virtual server .

Easy to manage

All virtual hosts are in the same host , Therefore, they can share the same configuration settings , So as to save the manpower and cost of management .[1]

Improve performance

Virtual hosts within the same host can share assemblies with each other （Process Pool）, Therefore, the response time to the client can be shortened .[1]

cost reduction

Virtual host enables the resources of a single server to be used more effectively , Include Memory 、 Storage space or processor resources . Because usually the resources needed to serve a single web address are quite small for the whole server , In this way, the resources of the server can be used more effectively .[2]

Multiple virtual servers , Can pass Software Set up in the same entity The server On , And each Virtual server It can provide all the functions of the server , In this way, the cost of each virtual server is reduced to a certain extent . See ： Dedicated hosting service

Implementation type of virtual host

There are three ways to achieve it ： URL name correspondence （Name-based）、IP The address corresponds to （IP-based） as well as Port The port number corresponds to （Port-based）.[1]

URL name correspondence （Name-based）

URL name correspondence （Name-based） By identifying the URL provided by the client , Determine the corresponding service , This method effectively reduces IP Occupation of address , But the disadvantage is that we must rely on DNS The name corresponds to the service Support for , If the name corresponds to service interruption , The service corresponding to this name will also be unavailable .[1]

IP The address corresponds to （IP-based）

IP The address corresponds to （IP-based） It means on the same server , Borrow the same configuration settings 、 Different IP To manage multiple services .[1]

Port The port number corresponds to （Port-based）

Approximate to IP The address corresponds to , But in the same place IP under , Use different Port Port number to distinguish different services , To quickly create multiple virtual hosts . for example ：

• 192.168.0.1:80
• 192.168.0.1:8080
• 192.168.0.1:8888

However, most of these applications are used in private or experimental services , The reason is that the user cannot use the default port number （ for example Web The default port number of the service 80） Access to the services provided , Unless the user knows the port number of the service .[1]

Choose a virtual host

The hardware facilities of the host, the virtual host machine room owned by the virtual host provider , What size Data Center , Whether there is enough bandwidth of the computer room line , Whether the online speed of the virtual host website can meet the traffic bandwidth of all its virtual host customers at the same time . How many websites are set up on a virtual host? Usually a virtual host can set up hundreds to thousands of websites , If there are more websites , The more people share the same server ; In comparison, resources are relatively tight . Generally related to machines CPU、 Memory Etc .IIS It's usually 10000/ Number of connections per server .