Basic knowledge of ngnix

reference information ：https://www.kuangstudy.com/

nginx brief introduction

Forward and reverse proxies

The agent installed on the client is the forward agent , For example, using vpn etc.
The proxy installed on the server side is the reverse proxy ,
The object of the forward proxy agent is the client , The object of the reverse proxy agent is the server

Load balancing

The request in turn is the round search


iphash Is the solution sessio The problem of session not sharing , Ensure that the data requested by a client is always requested to a fixed server （ It is not recommended to use , In proposal redis）

nginx install

Download address ：https://nginx.org/en/download.html

windows Installation in environment

windows Unzip the downloaded file and you can use it directly

You can double-click the startup file , You can also use cmd Command to start

linux Installation in environment

First, install the dependency environment

Automatic configuration nginx



perform make Build


Linux in make, make install What are the commands , usage ？
see ngnix Configuration path

start-up ngnix

nginx Common commands

After modifying the configuration file, you need to reload the configuration file

Firewall open port

Use actual combat

The configuration file

For further reference ：Nginx Configuration usage details




Profile explanation
########### Each instruction must have a semicolon end .#################
#user administrator administrators; # Configure users or groups , The default is nobody nobody.
#worker_processes 2; # Number of processes allowed to generate , The default is 1
#pid /nginx/pid/nginx.pid; # Appoint nginx Process running file storage address
error_log log/error.log debug; # Make a log path , Level . This setting can be put into a global block ,http block ,server block , This is the level ：debug|info|notice|warn|error|crit|alert|emerg
events {
accept_mutex on; # Set up network connection serialization , To prevent the occurrence of shock , The default is on
multi_accept on; # Set whether a process accepts multiple network connections at the same time , The default is off
#use epoll; # Event driven model ,select|poll|kqueue|epoll|resig|/dev/poll|eventport
worker_connections 1024; # maximum connection , The default is 512
}
http {
include mime.types; # File extension and file type mapping table
default_type application/octet-stream; # Default file type , The default is text/plain
#access_log off; # Cancel service log
log_format myFormat ‘$remot{e}_{a}ddr–$remote_user [$time_local] $request $status $body_bytes_sent $http_referer $http_user_agent $http_x_forwarded_for’; # Custom format
access_log log/access.log myFormat; #combined Default value for log format
sendfile on; # allow sendfile Transfer files by , The default is off, Can be in http block ,server block ,location block .
sendfile_max_chunk 100k; # The number of transfers per process call cannot be greater than the set value , The default is 0, There is no upper limit .
keepalive_timeout 65; # Connection timeout , The default is 75s, Can be in http,server,location block .

upstream mysvr {   
  server 127.0.0.1:7878;
  server 192.168.10.121:3333 backup;  # Hot standby 
}
error_page 404 https://www.baidu.com; # Error page 
server {
    keepalive_requests 120; # Maximum number of single connection requests .
    listen       4545;   # Listening port 
    server_name  127.0.0.1;   # Monitor address        
    location  ~*^.+$ {       # Requested url Filter , Regular matching ,~ For case sensitivity ,~* For case insensitive .
       #root path;  # root directory 
       #index vv.txt;  # Set default page 
       proxy_pass  http://mysvr;  # Request turn mysvr  List of defined servers 
       deny 127.0.0.1;  # refuse ip
       allow 172.18.5.54; # Allow the ip    
     # expires  Set client cache 
        #expires 1h;
        index index.php index.html; 
        #  Resource redirection , Such as visit http://shop.devops.com/index.html It will be rewritten as access http://shop.devops.com/index.php,permanent Indicates permanent redirection 
        rewrite /index.html /index.php permanent;
        
        #  Resource redirection ,$request_filename by nginx Built in variables for , Indicates the resource file path 
        if (!-e $request_filename) {
            rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.php?s=/$1 last;
            break;
        }
    } 
    location ~ \.(js|css|jpg|png) {
        #  Tell the client all js,css,jpg,png Files can be cached 1 Hours , No need to download again on the server 
        expires 1h;
        #  Realization of anti-theft chain , All not from shop.devops.com Jump to visit js|css|jpg|png All files are blocked , return 404
        valid_referers shop.devops.com;
        if ($invalid_referer) {
            return 404;
        } 
    }
    # php analysis 
    location ~ \.php$ {
    #    root           html;
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

}