HCIA static routing comprehensive experiment

Comprehensive experiment of static routing , First of all, let's know the knowledge of this experiment

Static extension configuration ：

1. Load balancing ： When visiting the same target , When there are multiple paths with similar overhead ; The device can split the traffic and delay multiple paths for simultaneous transmission ; Play the role of bandwidth superposition ;
2. Loopback interface -- After creation , It can be used for router testing TCP/IP Whether the protocol components can be encapsulated and de encapsulated

meanwhile , It can be used in experimental environment , Analog connection PC User interface of terminal , To reduce the actual equipment cost demand ;

1. Manual summary

If the router needs to access multiple continuous subnets , And have the same next hop ; These network segments can be summarized and calculated ; Then just write the route to the summary network segment ;--- Save the number of routing table entries

1. Routing black holes

The summary address contains , When the network segment does not actually exist in the network ; Letting will lead to the flow of no return ; Waste link resources ;

The suggestion is reasonable ip Address planning （ Easy to summarize without black holes ）, Summarize as accurately as possible ;

1. Default route  -- A route that does not limit the destination , Represents all network segments ; When the router looks up the table, it queries all the local direct connections 、 static state 、 If there is still no reachable path after dynamic routing , Use this entry ;
2. Empty interface

When the routing black hole meets the default routing , There will inevitably be a loop ;

On the black hole router , Configure an empty interface route to the summary network segment ; Empty interface and discard traffic ; To avoid loop generation ;

1. Floating static

Generate entries in the routing table in different ways , Their priorities are different ; Direct connection =0    static state =60   

Priority value range  0-255   The smaller the better. ;

  According to the subject conditions and topology design, first check 192.168.1.0/24 Divide the subnet

This experiment topology design and router interface IP The loopback interface is summarized in the following figure

Remember to first R4 Add an interface

First, configure the router interface IP Address and next hop port

R1

[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1]ip add 192.168.1.1 30
[R1]int g0/0/1
[R1]ip add 192.168.1.5 30

[R1]int loo0
[R1]ip add 192.168.1.33 28
[R1]int loo1
[R1]ip add 192.168.1.49 28

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14

R2

[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2]ip add 192.168.1.6 30
[R2]int g0/0/1
[R2]ip add 192.168.1.9 30

[R2]int loo0
[R2]ip add 192.168.1.65 28
[R2]int loo1
[R2]ip add 192.168.1.81 28

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.2

R3

[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3]ip add 192.168.1.2 30
[R3]int g0/0/1
[R3]ip add 192.168.1.13 30

[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3]ip add 192.168.1.2 30
[R3]int g0/0/1
[R3]ip add 192.168.1.13 30

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1
ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.6
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9

R4

[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4]ip add 192.168.1.10 30
[R4]int g0/0/1
[R4]ip add 192.168.1.14 30
[R4]int g0/0/2
[R4]ip add 192.168.1.17 30
[R4]int g4/0/0
[R4]ip add 192.168.1.21 30
[R4]int loo0
[R4]ip add 192.168.1.115 28
[R4]int loo1
[R4]ip add 192.168.1.129 28

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5

R5

[R5]int g0/0/1
[R5]ip add 192.168.1.18 30
[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5]ip add 192.168.1.22 30
[R5]int loop0
[R5]ip add 5.5.5.2 24

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17

To make the whole network accessible , Next, we need to configure a lack saving route for each router

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0  0 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0  0 192.168.1.6

[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0  0.0.0.0 192.168.1.22 p 61   ( Choose priority )

At this time, we have reached the whole network connectivity

use R1 Go to pingR5 Loopback interface

Finally, complete the normal 1000m fault 100m

Yes R5 Choose priority

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21 p 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21 p 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21 p 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21 p 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21 p 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21 p 61
[R5][R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21 p 61
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21 p 61
Next, let's query R5 The routing table for

The priority we just set is not displayed

By simulating faults , close g0/0/1 192.168.1.18 This interface

[R5]int g0/0/1

[R5]shutdown

Look at the routing table again

 OK success

The last step is to add an empty interface for the emergence of loops and black holes

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL0

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL0

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 NULL0

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL0

Now our experiment is finished