Chapter IX app project test (4) test tools

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（7）--kill-process-after-error

Parameter description ： Used to specify when an error occurs in the application , Whether to stop operation . If you specify this parameter , When an error occurs in the application , The application stops running and saves the current state （ The application only stops when sending errors , The system does not end the process of the application ）

Example ：adb shell monkey-pcom.android.music--kill-process-after-error 1000

During the test , If music Send error ,monkey Will stop running and save in the current state .

（8）-hprof

Parameter description ： If you set this option in Monkey Generate profiling reports before and after the event sequence . This will be in the data /misc Generate large （5MB） file , Please use this option with caution

【 Event options 】 There are mainly --pct-[touch、motion、trackball、syskeys、nav、majornav、apps-witch、flip、rotation、anyevent、pinchzoom] etc. .

Monkey You can specify the percentage of multiple types of events at the same time , But the total cannot exceed 100%

（1）--pct-touch<percent>

Parameter description ： Adjust the percentage of touch events , The touch event is a “ Press down ”“ lift ” The event happened somewhere on the touch screen .

Example ：adb shell monkey-pcom.music-pct-touch 101000

Set the percentage of touch events tested to 10%

（2）pct-motion<percent>

Parameter description ： Adjust the percentage of action events , The action event consists of a press event somewhere on the screen 、 Random events and lift events are organized .

Example ：adb shell monkey-pcom.android.calendar--pct-motion 201000

Indicates that the cost ratio of setting action events is 20%

（3）--pct-trackball<percent>

Parameter description ： Adjust the percentage of track events , The fund return event consists of one or several random mobile events , Sometimes it's accompanied by clicks .

Example ：adb shell monkey-pcom.android.calendar--pct-trackball 301000

Indicates that the percentage of track events is set to 30%

（4）--pct-syskeys<percent>

Parameter description ： Adjust the percentage of system key events , System keys refer to HOME、BACK、POWER、 The volume +、 The volume - Wait for the button .

Example ：adb shell monkey-pcom.android.calendar--pct-syskeys 601000

(5)-pct-nav<percent>

Parameter description ： Adjust the percentage of basic navigation events , The basic navigation event consists of up、down、left、right form

Example ：adb shell monkey-pcom.android.calendar--pct-nav  301000

6)--pct-majornav<percent>

Parameter description ： Adjust the percentage of major navigation events , These navigation events are mainly some key events in the keyboard .

Example ：adb shell monkey-pcom.android.calendar--pct-majornav 501000

（7）--pct-appswitch<percent>

Parameter description ： Adjust startup APP Activity percentage . That is, the percentage of active controls that are invoked .

（8）--pct-flip<percent>

Parameter description ： Percentage of keyboard flip events

（9）--pct-rotation<percent>

Parameter description ： Set the percentage of rotation events , Is to set the screen turning action of the application .

Example ：adb shell monkey-pcom.android.calendar--pct-rotation 1001000

Indicates setting application camera The percentage of screen turning events is 100

（10）--pct-anyevent<percent>

Parameter description ： Adjust the percentage of other types of events , Including all other types of events .

（11） There are mainly --pct-pinchzoom

Parameter description ： Adjust the zoom event percentage

4、Monkey test result Log analysis

1） normal Log, It is generally composed of these , List Monkey Parameters set at runtime

2） When something unusual happens ,Log Mainly by 2 Kind of , One is  crash Information , This will happen after application crash Log, The other is ANRlog.

crash log analysis

stay log Search for crash, If you find crash, It indicates that the application has failed , There are many reasons , Mainly by NullPointerException( Null pointer exception ）、 lllegalStateException( Illegal pointer parameter ）OutOfMemoryError( Low memory exception ）

ANRLog analysis

stay Log Search for ANR, If you can find , It indicates that there has been no response from the application in China during the test process . appear ANR Possible causes of ： A process takes too long to process 、 Application wait timeout 、 The application itself timed out waiting for the network 、 Related application processing is not synchronized 、 Cause to wait all the time .

Other abnormalities :Restart System abnormal （ System restart ）RuntimeException(Android function   When abnormal ）、Stale DataException、ReadException( Data processing exception ）

3) If an exception occurs during the test Log Analysis for developers . It is recommended to combine... During the test logcat Capture logs in real time to analyze problems .

5、Monkey Precautions during test
(1) Prepare the preconditions for testing

Do some preparatory work , For example, the mobile phone needs to follow the application 、SD What data does the card need .

（2） Careful use ADB

Usually in 2 In this case Monkey test ; Working time or rest time . If during working hours , Want to execute on the simulator or real machine Monkey Do other work while testing , Remember to use carefully adb Related commands , In especial  adb kill-server Such an order . because Monkey It's through adb shell Command initiated , When used for some reason adb Command to restart adb service ,Monkey The logging of the test will be terminated , There will be no corresponding logging after the test , If the test finds a rout problem , Will not record log journal , It is difficult to analyze the problem .

3） Simultaneous recording Android System routine

perform Monkey While testing , At the same time adb logcat Information .

4） Need record seed value

seed Value is the only one that can reproduce Monkey The method of the crash problem in the test . When one Monkey The method of the crash problem in the test . When one Monkey After the test problems are fixed , Sometimes I don't know how to verify , At this time, you can only use the same parameters , same seed Value to be reproduced for verification .

5） Don't use a single command

You can write a few more tests with different emphasis monkey The test command , Use these commands simultaneously in a project to test , So as to achieve different test results in each test , Find more defects .

6） Attaches great importance to crash

monkey What happens in the test NullPointException( The pointer runs away ） And so on can appear when users use , It's only a matter of time before it happens . therefore monkey be-all crash All need to be repaired before the split

9.4.4 DDMS

yes Dalvik Debug Monitor Service Abbreviation , It's actually Android Debugging and listening server of virtual machine . It passes through the port forwarding service 、 Device screen capture 、 Thread and heap information on the device 、logcat Information 、 Process and broadcast status information 、 Incoming calls and SMS simulation 、 Geographical location data simulation, etc .

DDMS Work on equipment or simulator , If the real device or simulator is running at the same time and connected to the computer , that DDMS Start the device view service . When the device is connected ,adb and DDMS A virtual machine monitoring service has been established , It will improve DDMS" When does the virtual machine on the device start , When to terminate “ Once the virtual machine is running ,DDMS adopt (adb deamon Daemon ） Establish a connection to the virtual machine debugger .DDMS It can communicate with the virtual machine through corresponding protocol .

Run... Under the command ddms You can start it DDMS, start-up DDMS Before that, you need to run the simulator or connect the equipment .

2、DDMS The function of

DDMS Integrated into the android In the virtual machine , Used to manage processes running on emulators or devices , And assist in commissioning . You can use it to select a program to debug 、 Generate tracking data 、 View heap and thread data 、 Screen shot of simulator or equipment, etc .

（1） start-up DDMS

Before starting, you need to connect the device or simulator . Then run the command ddms You can start it DDMS, The interface after startup is as shown in the figure 9-9 Shown

( Split in the figure 3 Large module , The first module is the process running in the device or simulator . The first 2 The module has multiple tabs 、 Include info、Threads、VM、Heap、Sysinfo Network etc. .  The first 3 The module displays the log information of the application ）

（2） Information log information --logcat

Logcat Used to display debugging information in the system , Invoked in a program Log The output information of class functions is output here . Pictured 9-9 The third module shows .logcat A lot of log information is output in , Different levels of information can be selected for display , Level of log display , As shown in the table 9-3

（3） Thread tab -Threads

The information of all threads in the current process in the target virtual machine is shown in the figure 9-10 Shown ,

  Shows the process com.freshO2O Thread information . among ID Represents the thread in the virtual machine ID,Tid Express Linux Threads ID, Follow

PID Agreement ,Status Indicates the status value （ The state values are Runnable Being implemented 、wait Waiting for execution 、monitor Waiting to acquire a listening lock ）, belt “*” Represents daemons ,Utime Indicates the cumulative time of application execution ,Stime Indicates the cumulative time of system execution Name Indicates the thread name .

（4） Memory heap status information VM heap

First, in the 9-11 In the figure

Click on the picture  （show heap update), Then click （Cause an im-mediate GC) It's in VM heap The virtual machine memory heap information is displayed in the tab . Displays the memory usage of the current process , among ,Heap Size Indicates the total memory size that the process can use ,Allocated Indicates the memory space currently used by the process ,Free Indicates the remaining memory space , Pictured 9-11 Shown .

（5） Generative analysis .hprof file

In the figure 9-11 Middle click Dump HPROF fule Can grasp heap dump file , Its extension is hprof, Developers analyze heap dump You can find out if there is a memory leak in the application .

（6） Import and export

On the launch page , menu bar Device Next , single click File Explorer It will list all files on the current device or simulated machine , Pictured 9-12 Shown .

You can also export files on the device or emulator to PC End , It's fine too PC Copy the files on the terminal to the device or emulator .

（7） Save the screenshot

It also provides a screenshot function , When problems are found during the test , And want to save the scene , have access to ddms To save the screenshot , Specific operation ： In the menu bar of the startup interface Device Next , single click  “Screen capture" Button , Click... In the figure that appears “Save”

Button to save . Then select the save path to save , Last saved as .png file .