五分钟带你上手ShardingJDBC实现MySQL分库分表

 作者：知识浅谈，CSDN签约讲师，后端领域优质创作者，阿里云技术博主，热爱分享创作

 公众号：知识浅谈

 擅长领域：全栈工程师、爬虫、ACM算法

 联系方式vx：zsqtcc

这次都给他拿下为什么 MySQL分库分表使用逐渐增多了？ 主要是数据量逐渐增多产生了这些解决方案。

正菜来了

Mysql环境

ds0:192.168.31.241ds1:192.168.31.242ds2:192.168.31.243数据库：testdb

项目配置

依赖引入

<dependencies>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId>
 <artifactId>shardingsphere-jdbc-core-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
 <version>5.1.0</version>
 </dependency>

 <dependency>
 <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
 <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
 <version>3.4.3</version>
 </dependency>

 <dependency>
 <groupId>mysql</groupId>
 <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
 <scope>runtime</scope>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
 <scope>test</scope>
 </dependency>
 </dependencies>


配置文件配置

# 配置真实数据源,ds{0..2}
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.names=ds0,ds1,ds2

# 配置第 1 个数据源
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.31.241:3306/testdb
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.password=root

# 配置第 2 个数据源
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.31.242:3306/testdb
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.password=root

# 配置第 3 个数据源
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds2.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds2.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds2.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.31.243:3306/testdb
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds2.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds2.password=root

# 标准分片表配置ds->{0..2}的含义是
# 针对employee表新增数据时，有三个数据源ds0、ds1、ds2中都有employee表
# spring.shardingsphere.rules.sharding.tables.employee.actual-data-nodes=ds$->{0..2}.employee

# 定义数据源的分片规则，按employee表的id % 3 取模得到数据应放在哪个数据源
spring.shardingsphere.rules.sharding.sharding-algorithms.database-inline.type=INLINE
spring.shardingsphere.rules.sharding.sharding-algorithms.database-inline.props.algorithm-expression=ds$->{id % 3}
# 定义哪一个列用于生成主键 employee对应的是相应的表名
spring.shardingsphere.rules.sharding.tables.employee.key-generate-strategy.column=id

# 定义employee表哪个是分片字段，这里按主键字段id，这个表示基于哪一个列进行分片
spring.shardingsphere.rules.sharding.tables.employee.database-strategy.standard.sharding-column=id
# 将employee表与分片规则database-inline绑定
spring.shardingsphere.rules.sharding.tables.employee.database-strategy.standard.sharding-algorithm-name=database-inline

# 默认主键生成策略采用snowflake
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.default-key-generate-strategy.xxx=snowflake

#SNOWFLAKE算法配置
spring.shardingsphere.rules.sharding.key-generators.snowflake.type=SNOWFLAKE
#机器唯一标识
spring.shardingsphere.rules.sharding.key-generators.snowflake.props.worker-id=666
#显示分库分表后执行的SQL语句
spring.shardingsphere.props.sql-show=true


测试使用

使用mybatis-plus进行操作使用Mapper文件

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import com.itlaoqi.shardingjdbc.entity.Employee;

public interface EmployeeMapper extends BaseMapper<Employee> {

}


Entity文件

mport com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableField;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;

@TableName("employee")
public class Employee {
 @TableId
 private Long id;

 private String name;

 public Long getId() {
 return id;
 }

 public void setId(Long id) {
 this.id = id;
 }

 public String getName() {
 return name;
 }

 public void setName(String name) {
 this.name = name;
 }
}


Test类

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.query.QueryWrapper;
import com.itlaoqi.shardingjdbc.entity.Employee;
import com.itlaoqi.shardingjdbc.mapper.EmployeeMapper;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;

@SpringBootTest
public class EmployeeTestor {
 @Resource
 private EmployeeMapper employeeMapper;
 @Test
 public void testInsert(){
 for(int i = 0 ; i < 10 ; i++) {
 Employee employee = new Employee();
 employee.setName(&quot;MJ&quot; + i);
 employeeMapper.insert(employee);
 }
 }

 @Test
 public void testSelect(){
 List<Employee> employees = employeeMapper.selectList(new QueryWrapper<>());
 }
}