Flask的传参以及返回的响应

传参

1. 固定参数

from flask import Flask 

app.Flask(__name__)

# <int:整型>/<string:字符串>/<默认字符串>
@app.route('/hello/<int:id>')
def hello(id)
	return f'接收到的ID为：{
      id}'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

2. 自定义转换器

from flask import Flask
from flask import BaseConverter

app = Flask(__name)

# 自定义转换器
class PhoneConverter(BaseConverter):
	# regex固定变量
    regex = r'1[3-9][0-9]{9}'
    
app.url_map.converters['phone'] = PhoneConverter

@app.route('/phone/<phone:my_phone>'
def get_phone(my_phone):
    return f'手机号为{
      my_phone}'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

3. 查看传递参数’get’

from flask import Flask      
from flask import request
 # 查看传递参数
 @app.route('/query')
 def query():
     params = request.args.to_dict() # 把不可变字典转换为普通字典
     print(params)
     name = request.args['name']
     age = request.args.get('age')
     return f'当前名字为：{
      name}, 年龄为：{
      age}'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

4. 表单的获取 ‘post’

from flask import Flask 
from flask import request

@app.route('/form', methods=['post'])
def form():
    name = request.form.get('name')
    age = request.form.get('age')
    return f'name:{
      name}， age:{
      age}'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

6. 上传文件

from flask import Flask
from flask import request

@app.route('/upload', methods=['post'])
def upload():
    img = request.files.get('img')
    print(img)
    # 保存到当前目录下的static里
    img.save('./static/01.png')
    return '上传成功'     

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()     

7. 其他参数

from flask import Flask
from flask import request

@app.route('/other')
def other():
    print(request.headers)
    print(request.method)
    print(request.url)
    return '其他参数'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()     

响应的返回

1. 返回HTML页面的数据

from flask import Flask
from flask import render_template

app.Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/page')
def page():
    return render_template('hello.html')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()     

2. 返回响应时跳转页面

from flask import Flask 
from flask import redirect

app.Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/jump')
def jump():
    return redirect('https://www.baidu.com')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()     

3. 返回字典

from flask import Flask
from flask import jsonify

app.Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/return_json')
def return_json():
    data = {
    
        'name': 'zhangsan',
        'age': 18,
        'action': ['吃', '睡觉', '上厕所']
    }
    return jsonify(data)  

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()     

4. 返回元组

from flask import Flask

app.Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/return_json')
def return_json():
    return ('hello', 5400,{
    'aaa': 'bbbb'})  

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()     

5. 自定义响应对象

from flask import Flask
from flask import make_response

app.Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/return_json')
def return_obj():
    resp = make_response('hello')
    resp.status = '404'
    resp.headers['aaa'] = 'bbb'
    return resp  

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()