Developers, why does the maturity of container technology herald the arrival of cloud native era?

🧑‍ author ： Sophomore Xiao Zhou
Home page ： Focus on learning more technologies
The key ： Container technology software development framework Cloud native

Hello everyone , Previous articles have explained cloud computing , The concept of microservice , This article explains container technology , Coming directly to the container is inevitably a little abrupt , I decided to divide it into the era of physical machines according to the times , The era of virtualization and the focus of this article is the era of containerization , Finally, the containerized microservices and k8s String together , Talk about cloud primordial , You will understand , Why is it that the maturity of container technology indicates the arrival of cloud native era ？ I am a little weeks , Zhou qiluo's Zhou , If you think the article is well written , Remember that Sanlian supports poor bloggers ️

The age of physical machine

In the age of physical machines , If I start a company , The website has been developed in half a year , Now we are going to launch the website , I need to buy a server first , Install the operating system on the server , Then install the database on the server and configure the website environment , Then deploy the developed website , After that, you can apply for the domain name , Finally, testing and maintenance , Through unremitting efforts , The website is finally online , And then it all just started .

One day there was a sudden power failure , The server also stopped , The website is inaccessible 404, I asked employees to spend money to mitigate the impact of power failure on the server ,20000 be without .

One day, the Internet was suddenly disconnected , The website is inaccessible again , I have no choice but to host the server in the computer room , There is less possibility of power failure and network disconnection , But I have to pay more rent every month , Low voice bb.

The website has been successfully launched for more than half a year , More and more users , Daily living volume rose slowly , ah , Don't , Server's CPU Burned , My heart is broken , Employees say , Just change the server , How to transfer the important data of the server , I have faced many challenges .

Fortunately, , Computer technology continues to develop , Has entered the virtualization phase , I caught up with , A fun .

The era of virtualization

virtualization , Is to transform the physical machine into a virtual machine , For example, my previous one 16G Memory 8 The core CPU The server , Before using virtualization technology , Basically, one person monopolizes , Even if the performance can't be full , It can only be used by one person , Employees say , This is not pure waste ？ I said, , Xiaozhou , Go and learn about virtualization technology to see what benefits it has .

So Xiao Zhou worked hard to learn virtualization technology , He found that using virtualization , The company server can be transformed from one person to four people , We don't influence each other , Are independent of each other , In this way, the utilization rate of resources is greatly improved , cost reduction , In virtualization, if the physical machine breaks down , Virtualization technology can quickly migrate virtual machines to good physical machines , High availability , Easy to expand , Memory expansion is controlled by program , It is much more convenient than operating on a physical machine ……

Xiao Zhou found , Virtualization technology for companies , It was an unprecedented redemption , So I went to talk to my boss happily , The boss praised me , Decided to start using virtualization technology , Finally, the company saves a lot of expenses and operation and maintenance problems , Xiao Zhou was appreciated by his boss , From then on to the top of life .

What is a container ？

First look at the explanation in Wikipedia , Containers Container Is a basic tool , Any tool that can be used to hold other objects , It can be partially or completely closed , Be used for accommodate 、 Store 、 transport goods , Objects can be placed in containers , And containers protect the contents .

This is a general interpretation of containers , Simply put, it can “ loading ”, So what is the definition of container in the computer field ？

Containers are lightweight application code packages , It also contains dependencies , For example, the specific version of the programming language runtime and the libraries needed to run software services .

Advantages of containers

Lower the cost , Compared with traditional physical machine era or virtual machine era , Containers require less system resources , Because they do not contain operating system images .

Improved portability , Applications running in containers can be easily deployed to multiple different operating systems and hardware platforms .

Containers support agile DevOps Work , No matter where the application in the container is deployed , They all work as expected , To accelerate development testing and shorten production cycles .

Improved efficiency , Through container , Can be deployed faster 、 Maintain or extend applications , Improve the efficiency of application development .

There are still a lot of it , I need to practice and experience it slowly

Containers vs virtual machine

There are some similarities between container technology and virtualization technology , But very different .

Virtual machines running in a hypervisor environment , In this context , Each virtual machine must contain its own sub operating system , And related binary files 、 Libraries and application files . This will consume a lot of system resources and overhead , Especially when multiple virtual machines are running on the same physical server , Each virtual machine has its own sub operating system , It's terrible at this time , We will find that , A lot of energy and resources are deployed and operated by virtualization .

by comparison , Each container shares the same host operating system or system kernel , Very lightweight , Usually there are only numbers MB , This means that the container may only take a few seconds to start , Virtual machines require a number of GB And a few minutes .

characteristic	virtual machine	Containers
Isolation level	Operating system level	Process level
System resources	5~15%	0~5%
Image size	GB~TB	kb~MB
Starting time	minute	second
The cluster size	Hundreds of	over ten thousand
High availability strategy	Backup , disaster , transfer	elastic , load , dynamic

Look at cloud primordial

If you've seen my previous Cloud Computing , Microservices article , Read this article again , You will understand , Why is it that the maturity of containerization technology must make the cloud native architecture hot .

Docker Containers -> Kubernetes -> Microservices -> Cloud native

With container support , The microservice architecture has been implemented , k8s, Full name Kubernetes, It is an automatic implementation Linux Open source platform for container operations , It allows container applications to enter large-scale industrial production .

• Containerized packaging ： The process of a software application should be packaged in a container and run independently
• Dynamic management ： Dynamic management and scheduling through centralized scheduling system
• Micro service ： Identify the dependencies between services , Decouple each other

At the end

Read here , You must have a clear understanding of cloud native architecture , It's not as complicated as you think , software development , There is a routine , Many programming ideas and architectures are the inspiration from life or the experience summarized by life , therefore , Everyone must live a good life ！ The author's ability is limited , If the article is wrong , Please also point out that , Last , I hope you can lay a good foundation , One step at a time , Come on boy , Don't forget that Sanlian supports poor bloggers , I am a little weeks , Zhou qiluo's Zhou , Looking forward to your attention .