[C / C + + 1] clion configuration and running C language

One 、Clion To configure

1.1 brief introduction

1.1.1 Clion idea

CLion yes Jetbrains The company's new product is for development C/C++ Designed cross platform IDE, It is a IntelliJ Designed for the foundation , It also includes many intelligent functions to improve the productivity of developers .

Also supports python Oh , Believed to have been used IntelliJ idea Developed java My friends are very clear about this IDE A powerful , So as Jetbrains Flag c/c++ development tool CLion It also includes many intelligent functions to improve the productivity of developers , Improve developer productivity .

Clion Code style and other configuration are the same Jetbrains Related software , I won't go into details here .

1.1.2 C And C++ The difference between ; The difference between process oriented and object-oriented

• C++ It's object-oriented （object oriented programming—OOP）. Emphasize the object , The object performs the action .
• C It's process oriented （procedure oriented programming—POP）. Emphasis on the process of implementation .

summary ： Object oriented is the first abstraction of various objects （ All kinds of ）, Encapsulating data and methods in objects （ class ）, Then the objects interact with each other .

Process oriented is the decomposition of a problem into several steps （ action ）, Every step （ action ） With a function , In use , Passing data to these functions .

• A typical example ： Put the elephant in the refrigerator .

C++ That's what it does ： Two objects are involved ： Refrigerator and elephant . Three actions ： Open the refrigerator , Place the elephant , Close the refrigerator .

First define a refrigerator class , He has a way to open it , Placement method , How to close . And then define an elephant . Next, build the object of the refrigerator and the elephant , Then the refrigerator object calls the method to open the door , The refrigerator object calls the method of placing the elephant object , Finally, the refrigerator object is closed .

Fridge{
     open();lay();close();}// There are three ways for the refrigerator class 
main()
{
    
    Elephant   elephant;// Building an elephant object 
    Fridge  fridge;// Construct a refrigerator object 
    fridge.open();
    fridge.lay(elephant);
    fridge.close();
}

And when C That's what it does ： First open the refrigerator door , Then put the elephant in , Finally close the refrigerator door .

main()
{
    
    open();
    lay(elephant);
    close();
}

Another typical example ： It's raining , People open umbrellas ：

C++ That's what it does ： Three objects are involved ： rain , people , The umbrella . Two actions ： It's raining , Man opens his umbrella .

First, three objects , That is to define three classes . Rain object Rain, It has a way to rain fall(); Human object Person, He has a way to open it open(); Umbrella object Umbrella;

Rain 
{
    
    fall();
}
Person 
{
    
    open();
}
main()
{
    
    Rain rain;
    Person person;
    Umbrella umbrella;
    rain.fall();
    person.open(umbrella);
}

and C That's what it does ：

Process oriented ： It's raining , People open umbrellas ：

main()
{
    
    rain();
    open(umbrella);
}

1.2 To configure c

my mac The computer has been installed c 了 , So I won't download it , If there is no download, please refer to the operation below .

Default has generated main.c, But we can't run , Because we still lack the compiler environment , Click on Setting Open Settings , Search for Toolchains, We found that clion There are so many kinds of environments for us MinGW,CygWin,Visual studio etc. , What I choose here is MinGw, Click the right side. download, Download and run the installation , And then in Enviroment Choose... On the right mingw-w64 The position of , Here's the picture ：

1.3 Select the corresponding c/c++

c++ choice executable
c choice cxecutable

1.4 Create your own c++

If we can create our own c/c++ file , Pictured ：

C Language choice .c,C++ choice .cpp！

1.5 Clion Generate multiple executable files in

Building a new Clion During the project , Will automatically generate a folder cmake-build-debug, It can help us deal with the whole thing quickly C++ The project is compiled and run . The executable file generated after the main function is compiled is located in cmake-build-debug Under the folder .

If we need to be in a C++ If you build multiple main functions and generate multiple executable files in the project , We need to be right CMakeLists.txt Make changes . The specific steps are as follows ：

（1） If we create two main function files , Respectively main.cpp and main2.cpp.
（2） Creating the first main.cpp after , Suppose that CMakeList.txt It looks like this ：add_executable(MAIN main.cpp).
（3） Create a second main2.cpp When , Need to choose target, If you choose the first main.cpp, So in CMakeList.txt There will be add_executable(MAIN main.cpp main2.cpp), However, it is impossible to meet our needs .

（4） So we need to change it to add_executable(MAIN main.cpp) and add_executable(MAIN2 main.cpp) You can build two executables .
（5） stay Clion When used in , In the upper right corner of the software, you can choose which main function file to compile , Or the whole project main Functions are compiled

Personal operation case ：
Now I main.cpp yes c Program , I run mian.cpp ,
1. stay cmakelists.txt in add_executable Modify the corresponding .cpp File can
2. Be sure to recompile your project .
3. If you run map1.cpp file Only need to cmakelists.txt in add_executable modify .cpp File can
add_executable(map map1.cpp)