[Huawei certification] the most complete and selected question bank in hcia-datacom history (with answer analysis)

1、 The highest priority of the following routing protocols is ？ （ Single topic selection ）

A、Static

B、RIP

C、OSPF

D、Direct

Refer to the answer ：D

analysis ：

In routing protocol ,pre The smaller the value. , The higher the priority

The default routing protocol priorities of Huawei products are as follows

2、 The following description of static and dynamic routing is wrong ( ).（ Single topic selection ）

A 、 After the administrator deploys the dynamic routing protocol in the enterprise network , Later maintenance and expansion can be more convenient

B、 Dynamic routing protocols occupy more system resources than static routing

C、 After the link fails , Static routing can automatically complete network convergence

D、 Static routing is simple to configure when applied in an enterprise , Easy to manage

Refer to the answer ：C

analysis ：

Static route is a route entry written manually by the administrator , Dynamic routing is a routing protocol such as OSPF Automatically learn and update routing entries .

Because dynamic routing can automatically learn and update , So later maintenance and expansion are more convenient

When the link fails , Dynamic routing can also sense failures and automatically switch alternative paths to complete network convergence , Static routing is manually configured , So it will not automatically detect faults and updates .

However, dynamic routing must consume the computing resources of the device , And occupy a certain amount of network bandwidth .

Static routing configuration is simple , Dynamic routing configuration needs to consider many factors （ Such as OSPF Area division, etc ）

3、 The network shown in the figure below , The network administrator wants the host to A Send it to the host B Of packets go through the network between routers G0/0/3 Interface , host B To the host A Of packets go through the network between routers G0/0/4 Interface , Which of the following commands can implement this requirement ？（ Multiple choice ）

A. RTA : ip route-static 10.0.12.5 255. 255. 255. 252 11.0.12. 2

    RTB : ip route-static 10.0.12.1 255. 255. 255. 252 11.0.12. 5

B. RTA : ip route-static 10.0.12.5 255.255.255.252 11.0.12.6

    RTB : ip route-static 10.0.12.1 255.255.255.252 11.0.12.1

C. RTA : ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11.0. 12. 6

    RTB : ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11.0. 12. 1

D. RTA : ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11.0. 12.2

    RTB : ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11.0. 12.5

Refer to the answer ：AC

analysis ：

When the router receives a packet , Will view the destination of the packet IP, Then check the routing table , According to the match to the packet target IP Route entries for forwarding

and 8 individual 0 The route entry of represents the default route , When no other routing entries match , Then it will be forwarded according to the default route

The command syntax for static routing is :  ip route-static Target segment   Next jump IP

therefore A、C Both of the answers can meet the requirements of the topic .

4、 As shown in the figure below . host A And host B What kind of network device can be used to realize communication ？ （ Single topic selection ）

A、 A hub

B、 Two-layer switch

C、 Router

D、HUB

Refer to the answer ：C

analysis ：

The router can realize the communication of different network segments , The two hosts here are in different network segments

  5、 The network shown in the figure below , All links are Ethernet links , And all interfaces of all routers are running 0SPF agreement , Then the whole network elects several DR？ （ Single topic selection ）

A、3

B、4

C、2

D、1

Refer to the answer ：B

If OSPF In an area , The interfaces of all routers are in the same network segment , So choose 1 individual DR

If each router interface is in a different network segment , Then there are several network segments , There will be a few DR

Here you are 4 Net segment , So I will choose 4 individual DR

6、 On the broadcast network ,DR and BDR All use multicast addresses 224.0.0.6 To receive the link status update message .（ Judgment questions ）

A、True

B、False

Refer to the answer ：A

stay OSPF Of RFC It's clearly stated in the document , The following is the original

This multicast address has been assigned the value 224.0.0.6. Both the Designated Router and Backup Designated Router must be prepared to receive packets destined to this address.

7、OSPF What are the stable states of the protocol neighbor relationship ？ （ Multiple choice ）

A、Attempt

B、Down

C、Full

D、2-way

Refer to the answer ：CD

OSPF in , neighbor （2-way） And adjacency （full） It's steady state ,down It's neighbor failure , Others are intermediate states

8、OSPF Which of the following network types are supported by the Protocol ？ （ Multiple choice ）

A. NBMA

B. The radio type

C. Point to point type

D. Point to point

Refer to the answer ：ABCD

analysis ：OSPF Support various network types , But in different network types , The default working mode is different , If yes No DR, Default hello Time is different

9、192.168.1.127/25 It stands for ( ) Address .（ Single topic selection ）

A、 The Internet

B、 radio broadcast

C、 Multicast

D、 host

Refer to the answer ：B

analysis , The IP Change the address to binary , You can see that the host bit is full 1, So it's the broadcast address

If the host bit is all 0, Is the subnet address （ Also called network number 、 network address ）

notes ：/25 Represents the front of the address 25 Bit is network bit , Next is the host bit

10、 The following figure shows the routing table of a router , When the router receives a destination IP The address is 9.1.1.1 When the data package of , The router will be based on 9.1.0.0/16 Route to forward , Because the route matches the destination address 9.1.1.1 The number of digits is more .( Judgment questions )

A. True

B. False

Refer to the answer ：A

analysis ：

When multiple routes are matched , The priority comparison principle is

Look at the mask first , The longest mask is the most accurate route first

If there are entries with the same mask length , Look again preference, The lowest value takes precedence

If the mask and pre All the same , Look again cost, The lowest value takes precedence

It's all the same , An equivalent route is formed

In the subject , Yes 3 Routes can be matched 9.1.1.1, According to the routing rules , The route entry that will have the longest mask

11、 The following statement is not true ( ) .（ Multiple choice ）

A. If the routing entry cost The bigger the value is. , Then the priority polar domain of the route is high

B . The priority of each static route can be different

C. By default , Direct route is higher than OSPF The priority of the route

D. VRP in , The higher the priority of the routing protocol, the higher the priority of the route

Refer to the answer ：AD

analysis ：

Static routing can be set manually preference, So each static route specifies a different preference, The priority is different , This method is often used in projects to realize the active and standby of static routing , Also known as floating static routing .

The relevant principles of other options are explained in the previous topic .

  

12、 The network shown in the figure below , Which of the following commands can make the host A can Ping Communication host B？ （ Multiple choice ）

A. RTA : ip route-static 10.0.12.5 255.255. 255. 252 11.0.12.2

    RTB : ip route-static 10.0.12.1 255. 255. 255.252 11.0.12.1

B. RTA : ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11.0.12.1

    RTB : ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11.0. 12.2

C. RTA : ip route-static 10.0.12.5 255.255.255.252 11.0.12.1

    RTB : ip route-static 10.0.12.1 255. 255.255.252 11.0.12.2

D. RTA : ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11.0. 12.2

    RTB : ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 11.0. 12.1

Refer to the answer ：AD

analysis ： This topic examines the principle of static routing , The use of static routes is preceded by parsing .

But notice that there are some small mistakes in the picture ,host B Should be 10 paragraph , The gateway is also the corresponding router RTB Of G0/0/2 The address of .

13、VRP Operating platform , Which of the following commands can view only static routes ？ （ Single topic selection ）

1. display ip routinelxable statistics
2. display ip routing-table protocol static
3. display ip routing-table verbose
4. display ip routing-table

Refer to the answer ：B

analysis ：

Huawei VRP Operating platform , The commands to view different types of routes are as follows

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