Analyzing the maker space contained in steam Education

Education is a process of changing human behavior patterns . The behavior here refers to a generalized behavior , Including thinking 、 Feeling 、 And obvious actions . Entrepreneurship education focuses on students' changes in thinking and cognition , What it emphasizes is to drive action and thinking with entrepreneurship , It is not limited to the achievements of entrepreneurship education in the traditional sense , That is, incubate successful enterprises or entrepreneurs .

from STEAM To maker Education . It was widely promoted in the early years STEM Education has evolved and improved , Join in “ art ”（Art） elements , It becomes STEAM（Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, Mathematics） education .STEAM The meeting between education and maker education will promote the process of cultivating students' innovative ability more comprehensively . although STEAM Education is widely used in European and American countries , However, the concept of makers has been added , It establishes the connection between students and real life , At the same time, it also makes up for the deficiencies in engineering education . In the U.S. ,60 Many colleges and universities have successively opened maker spaces on campus . To promote the development of the maker movement in the educational sector , Stanford University has also set up an academic scholarship for maker education research , To encourage educators to explore the application of maker movement in different fields of Education .

It can be said that the ultimate goal of maker education is to cultivate students' creative personality . The theoretical basis of maker education is based on experience education （ExperientialEducation）、 Project teaching method （Project-BasedLearning）、 Innovative education 、DIY And so on . At the same time, maker education pays attention to the integrity of educational experience , The learning process itself becomes the most important part instead of learning achievements . Summed up the eight elements needed for a good maker project ： Goals and relevance 、 Enough time 、 complexity 、 Strength 、 cooperation 、 Available materials 、 Sharable and novel . These elements have become reference norms in the design and implementation of maker education courses . Developed by the European Institute for science and technology outlook “Up Innovative classroom ” The framework also consists of eight dimensions ： Content and courses 、 evaluation 、 Learning practice 、 Teaching practice 、 organization 、 Leadership and values 、 Connectivity and infrastructure . This framework regards the ubiquitous learning environment as an integral part of the learning ecosystem , You can respond to your situation and culture over time . The eight dimensions of the model form a system , Encourage the learning environment based on information technology to expand innovative teaching practice in a multidimensional way .

From makers to entrepreneurs . Self directed learning is the main learning method of makers in the maker space . The interaction between makers breeds a dynamic and highly cooperative learning behavior , Team strength and peer support 、 Suggestions and assistance are well reflected in it . Students themselves can control and lead problem-based learning . Final , Maker space will promote inter school connections , And promote the cooperation project .

Respond to the needs of innovative development , Colleges and universities have launched entrepreneurship education , Integrate practical education with society 、 Industrial demand and innovation value are linked . As a form of everyone participating in innovation , Become a new force in Colleges and universities , From creativity to innovation , And create a broader foundation for entrepreneurship education . Tsinghua University will “ Three innovations ”, Creativity 、 innovation 、 Entrepreneurship is considered from the perspective of integration , Maker education becomes “ Three innovations ” An important connection point of Education , On the one hand, maker practice is an important mode to spontaneously turn creativity into reality , At the same time, it also creates opportunities for innovation and entrepreneurship .

From entrepreneurship to entrepreneurship . Early entrepreneurial research has been in the field of Economics , The starting point is mostly to explore the role of entrepreneurs 、 Function and its contribution to the competitive world . In recent years, due to the investment of management scholars , Its angle gradually turns to the organization and individual , Think about how to effectively make entrepreneurial decisions and actions . conceptualization , Nominalize entrepreneurship , Intended to show “ Start a business ” The process of . From the perspective of process , The result cannot be the only factor to judge the success of entrepreneurship , Because entrepreneurship is continuous 、 The behavior of constantly interacting with society . Think entrepreneurship is essentially “ The form of social creation ”, Not just in business , It happens in the whole society . Entrepreneurship is not just the establishment of seemingly magnificent undertakings , Instead, it creates differences from daily details , The process of driving qualitative change with quantitative change . Entrepreneurship is also seen as a “ Conversational creation ”, The experience that it occurs and takes shape in our daily life 、 The story 、 drama 、 The conversation 、 During the performance . I think it's action that makes entrepreneurs , Therefore, the study of entrepreneurship can also start from the analysis of entrepreneurs' behavior . So , Maker practice that focuses on participation and process , It is also closely related to entrepreneurship in terms of internal driving force .

Construction of the maker ecosystem . The innovation ecosystem is centered on the demand side , Self organizing 、 Growing up 、 Adaptive and self-healing capabilities , Symbiosis among the constituent elements 、 Make progress together , The border is open . Definition “ Innovation ecology is a study of space 、 Time 、 Culture 、 interrelation 、 Infrastructure and science that nourishes innovation to create an external atmosphere .”“ Innovation ecology studies encouragement 、 Cultivate and catalyze innovative ideas and ideas , And can turn it into a valuable working environment . Innovation ecology advocates and supports individuals 、 The team and all institutions carry out research work for sustainable economic development .”

in summary , Entrepreneurship education and training are no longer embodied in a centralized way , It is an entrepreneurial ecosystem that takes the project organization as the center to jointly cultivate entrepreneurship on campus . This model is replacing the traditional entrepreneurial model , Will colleges and Universities 、 Enterprises 、 The government and students are closely linked , Scientific research and entrepreneurial activities go hand in hand , Make a virtuous circle between entrepreneurship education in Colleges and universities and social economy . From the general office of the State Council 《 Guidance on developing mass entrepreneurship space and promoting mass innovation and entrepreneurship 》, First put forward “ Maker space ”. The concept of mass entrepreneurship is “ Mass Entrepreneurship ” and “ Mass innovation ” At the heart of , It's also “ innovation 2.0 Era user innovation 、 Mass innovation 、 Open innovation trend ” The embodiment of , Maker space is “ Grasp the characteristics and needs of innovation and entrepreneurship in the Internet Environment , Through the market-oriented mechanism 、 Low cost of professional services and capitalization approach 、 Convenience 、 All elements 、 The general name of open new entrepreneurship service platform .” A well functioning maker ecosystem includes cooperative groups 、 Creative practice 、 Open resources and collaborative space are four elements .