Unity beginner 2 - tile making and world interaction (2D)

This article comes from learning chutianbo Teacher's notes , link b standing The first 56P to 71P

1. Tile map making

Right click the main interface SenceGameObject2D ObjectTilemapRectanglar（ This creates a RPG A visual angle ）
establish tiles Folder Drag the material into the Purple Button opened in the upper right corner TIle Palette, Drag the material into
Or create it directly in the folder
2. What if the material is too large and needs to be divided
Back to the material change Sprite Mode by Multiple
Get into Sprite Editor Choose the top left corner Slice choice Grid By Cell Size
3. Tiles do not fit the frame
Go back to the material and find Pixels Per Unit Change it to 64 Match border
4. About the tiles covering the characters
go back to Hierarchy Under the Grid Under the tilemap Find the one on the right TIlemap Renderer change order in layer by -10（ Put the layer behind ）
5. About regular tiles
stay tile Right click in the folder Create2DTilesRule TIle（ If there is no probability, there is no plug-in , Find other articles to teach directly ）
6. How to quickly make tiles with similar rules
Above , choice rule Overring tile
7. How to connect the collision bodies of tiles （ Originally, the tiles we made were all separate collision bodies ）
In the fourth part tilemap Add Composite Coillider 2D Components
stay TIlemap Collider 2D The admission used by Compite that will do ;
8. About rules like tile inheritance
Direct inheritance rules are similar to tiles , Then whether the collision body is also inherited , So if there are different collision bodies, it needs to be remade
9. Implementation of pseudo perspective

stay 2D In the game , In the scene “ Before and after ” By Y Axis determined , Need make Unity According to the game object y Coordinates to draw game objects
Y Axis y The smaller the coordinate value , The more forward , Should cover y Game objects with large coordinate values , That is to say y Draw the game object with smaller coordinates , Will be on the upper floor
In the game , If you want to set 2D Pseudo perspective attempts to , It needs to be changed in the project settings ：
Edit > Project Settings > Graphics > Camera Settings > Transparency Sort Mode = Custom Axis > Transparency Sort Axis x = 0 / y = 1 / z = 0

So the material we use should also be in Sprite Mode Under the Sprite Edito Center axis （ Personally, I think it's a covering point ） Put it on the foot of the character .

2 About the implementation of collision

If an object needs to collide, it must have a rigid component, that is Rigidbody 2d（2d This is in the game ）
Similarly, if he needs to interact with other objects , Then he also needs collision body components Box Collider 2D
2.1 After adding two components, the character drops rapidly
Close Gravity Scale（ gravity ）, Set it to 0 that will do ;
2.2 stay 2dRPG For perspective effect, it is best to set the collision box around the foot （ Probably the body 1/3 about ）

3 Add life systems to our characters

This is very simple , In the script we added for role control in the previous section

 public int maxHealth = 5;
  public int currentHealth;
      void Start()
    {
        // Get the rigid body component of the current game object 
        rigidbody2d = GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();
        // Initialize the current health 
        currentHealth = maxHealth;

    }

3.1 It is very dangerous to directly expose the important life values in our game , This value should not be directly called externally
So we need to deal with currentHealth encapsulate . That is, use attributes to protect its internal fields

int currentHealth;
  public int Currenthealth
  { get { return currentHealth; } }
  //set { currentHealth = value; } }

In this way, we have a simple life system

4 The interaction of the world

After having the life system , Life will change because of the player's operation , So we need to add the function of player life change

public void changehealth(int amount)
  {
      // Limit HP to 0 To maxhealth Between 
      currentHealth = Mathf.Clamp(currentHealth + amount, 0, maxHealth);
      Debug.Log(" Current health :" + currentHealth + "/" + maxHealth);
  }

Here we use unity Self contained Math.Clamp function , This will limit the amount of blood to 0 To the maximum HP
link Official documents :Math.Clamp
4.2 So after having this function , We can set blood bottles or traps for blood loss in the created world , Then the following code realizes eating a blood bottle to return a drop of blood to the player , At the same time, do not eat blood bottles when full of blood , And the function that the blood bottle disappears after eating it

  public class Healthcollable : MonoBehaviour
{
 // Record the number of collisions 
 int collideCount;
 public int amount=1;
private void OnTriggerEnter2D(Collider2D other)
 {
     collideCount += 1; 
     Debug.Log($" What collides with the current object is {other}, The first {collideCount} This collision ");
     // obtain Ruby object 
     RubyController rubyController = other.GetComponent<RubyController>();
     // Detect who hit the blood bottle 
     if (rubyController != null)
     {
     // If Ruby Not full of blood 
         if (rubyController.Currenthealth < rubyController.maxHealth) {
             rubyController.changehealth(amount);
             // Vanishing blood bottle 
             Destroy(gameObject);
         }
         else
         {
             Debug.Log("Ruby No need to add blood ");
             Debug.Log(" Current health :" + rubyController.Currenthealth + "/" + rubyController.maxHealth);
         }
     }
     else
     {
         Debug.Log(" Not Ruby object ");
     }
 }
}

OntiggerEnter2D Function is a function that triggers only once when entering ;
4.3 In the same way, we are setting up an area where blood will fall when encountering

public class Damageable : MonoBehaviour
{
 
 // Blood loss 
 public int DamageNum = -1;
 // Entering the range triggers once 
 private void OnTriggerStay2D(Collider2D collision)
 {
     RubyController rubyController = collision.GetComponent<RubyController>();
     if (rubyController != null)
     {

         rubyController.changehealth(DamageNum);

     }
     else
     {
         Debug.Log(" Not Ruby object ");
     }
 }
 // Every frame triggers 

}

OnTriggerStay2D It is a function that will trigger every frame in the collision body , In this way, we will find that the character loses blood too fast , Almost instantly, the blood volume is empty .
So we add a short-term invincible function to the character after receiving damage

 // Set invincible interval 
 public float timelnvincible = 2.0f;
 // Set whether it is invincible 
  bool islnvincible;
 // Defining variables , Invincible time （ timer ）
 float invincibleTimer;

stay update Add the detection of invincible （ In fact, I think it seems unreasonable to detect this function every frame ）

  void Update()
 {
     // The invincible moment enters the countdown 
     if (islnvincible)
     {
         invincibleTimer -= Time.deltaTime;
         if (invincibleTimer < 0)
         {
             islnvincible = false;
         }

     }
 }

Add an invincible code snippet to the life changing function written above

 // Change health 
 public void changehealth(int amount)
 {
     if (amount < 0)
     {
     // If invincible , Then jump out of the function directly , Otherwise, players will enter invincible , Timing begins 
         if (islnvincible)
         {
             return ;
         }
         islnvincible = true;
         invincibleTimer = timelnvincible;
     }
     // Limit HP to 0 To maxhealth Between 
     currentHealth = Mathf.Clamp(currentHealth + amount, 0, maxHealth);
     Debug.Log(" Current health :" + currentHealth + "/" + maxHealth);
 }

This article is only a preliminary study of personal records unity used
link Teacher's document : Tile world