Schnuka: machine vision positioning technology machine vision positioning principle

Now , We are already surrounded by all kinds of robots , Making 、 transport 、 Life and other fields play a very important role . For example, robot scooters , Sweeper robots, etc . And let these robots have a pair “ wisdom ” It is machine vision technology that eyes , Thanks to the planning and development of the robot industry , The application of machine vision technology has a very broad space .

Definition of machine vision Machine vision is a rapidly developing branch of artificial intelligence . In a nutshell , Machine vision is to use machines instead of human eyes to measure and judge . Machine vision is developed from the perspective of bionics , For example, the simulated eye collects images through visual sensors , After acquisition, the image processing system performs image processing and recognition .

Machine vision is mainly divided into three categories ：

Monocular vision technology , That is to install a single camera for image acquisition , Generally, only two-dimensional images can be obtained . Monocular vision is widely used in the field of intelligent robots . However , Because this technology is limited by the problems of low image accuracy and data stability , Therefore, we need and ultrasound 、 Infrared and other types of sensors work together .

Binocular vision technology , It is a way of simulating human eyes to process environmental information , Collect one or more images with different perspectives from the outside through two cameras , So as to establish the three-dimensional coordinates of the measured object . Binocular vision technology can be roughly divided into robot arm vision control 、 Vision control of mobile robot 、 Unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned ships, visual control and other directions .

Multi vision technology , It refers to the use of multiple cameras to reduce blind areas , Reduce the probability of error detection . This technology is mainly used for the motion measurement of objects . In the hand eye coordination of manipulator , Multi vision technology can overcome the blind area of object capture , Make the manipulator grasp more effectively . In the field of industrial robot assembly , Multi vision can also accurately identify and locate the measured object , And then improve the intelligence and positioning accuracy of the assembly robot .

Application of machine vision

The application of machine vision mainly includes detection and robot vision ：

⒈ testing ： It can also be divided into high-precision quantitative detection ( For example, the classification of cells in micrographs 、 Measurement of dimensions and positions of mechanical parts ) And qualitative or semi quantitative detection without measuring instrument ( For example, product appearance inspection 、 Component identification and positioning on the assembly line 、 Defect detection and assembly completeness detection ).

⒉ Robot vision ： It is used to guide the operation and action of the robot in a large range , For example, pick up the workpiece from the disordered workpiece pile sent out by the hopper and place it on the conveyor belt or other equipment according to a certain orientation ( That is, the hopper picking problem ). As for small-scale operations and actions , It also needs the help of tactile sensing technology .

In addition, there is automatic optical inspection , Face recognition , Driverless car , Product quality grade classification , Automatic inspection of print quality , Character recognition , Texture recognition , Tracking location . The application of machine vision technology has replaced manual sorting and express delivery , Greatly improved efficiency . besides , Machine vision technology can also make robots have 3D Visual ability , Rely on visual guidance 、 location , Clamp product . And in automobile manufacturing 、 Medical and other fields also use machine vision system for measurement and detection .

As industrial 4.0 Coming of age , Machine vision plays an increasingly important role in the field of Intelligent Manufacturing , How machine vision technology works 、 Why is it the right choice to realize process automation and quality improvement .

Machine vision technology , It is a subject involving artificial intelligence 、 Neurobiology 、 Psychophysics 、 Computer science 、 The image processing 、 Pattern recognition and many other fields of interdisciplinary . Machine vision mainly uses computer to simulate human visual function , Extract information from the images of objective things , To deal with and understand , It's finally used for actual testing 、 Measurement and control . The biggest feature of machine vision technology is its high speed 、 A lot of information 、 Multi function .