Changes in foreign currency bookkeeping and revaluation general ledger balance table (Part 2)

The previous article recorded the foreign currency bookkeeping gl_balances The change of , See :
https://blog.csdn.net/x6_9x/article/details/119542591
So when revaluation , How does the balance sheet change

Why revaluation

Due to the change of exchange rate , Therefore, revaluation is needed in financial analysis , Only after the revaluation can the data truly show the financial situation of the company . Therefore, the reason for the revaluation is that the ending exchange rate is inconsistent with the recorded exchange rate . The purpose of revaluation is to convert the outstanding foreign currency claims and liabilities at the end of the period into the functional currency at the end of the period exchange rate , To report the financial situation of the company .

On the principles and basis of foreign currency treatment

1． Definition of exchange gain / loss exchange gain / loss refers to the foreign currency accounts of an enterprise 、 The difference converted into bookkeeping base currency caused by different bookkeeping time and exchange rate of various items in foreign currency statements . Exchange gains and losses are divided into foreign currency transaction exchange gains and losses and foreign currency statement translation exchange gains and losses according to their causes . Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are determined by whether they are realized in the current period , It can be divided into realized foreign currency transaction exchange gains and losses and unrealized foreign currency transaction exchange gains and losses .
There are two situations arising from exchange gains and losses ：
（1） Exchange gains and losses arising from the difference between the foreign exchange buying price and selling price adopted in foreign currency exchange and the entry value .
（2） Period of foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities held , Exchange gains and losses arising from changes in the value of foreign currency monetary assets or liabilities caused by changes in exchange rates .
2. The calculation method of exchange gain / loss is carried forward one by one and centralized carry forward .
The carry forward method means that the enterprise carries forward each foreign currency business , Should be recorded at the market exchange rate on the date of business or the opening exchange rate , Every settlement or receipt and payment , Calculate the exchange gain / loss once according to the book exchange rate , End of term （ end of the month 、 End of season 、 end of the year ） Then adjust according to the market exchange rate , The difference between the adjusted closing RMB balance and the original book RMB balance is regarded as the current exchange gain or loss . In this way , The increase of foreign currency assets and liabilities is converted at the market exchange rate selected by the enterprise , The reduction of foreign currency assets and liabilities is converted at the book exchange rate , The book exchange rate can be calculated using the first in first out method 、 Weighted average method and other methods .
The centralized carry forward method refers to the market exchange rate chosen by enterprises for foreign currency accounts （ Exchange rate on the date of business occurrence or opening exchange rate ） Bookkeeping , Exchange gains and losses are not recognized at ordinary times , End of term （ end of the month 、 End of season 、 end of the year ） Adjust the balance of the foreign currency account according to the ending exchange rate , The difference between the adjusted closing RMB balance and the original book balance is collectively calculated into an exchange gain or loss .
The results calculated by the transaction by transaction carry forward method and the centralized carry forward method are consistent
Carry forward method one by one ： Find or calculate the book exchange rate at any time , More complicated . Centralized carry forward method ： At ordinary times, there is no need to calculate exchange gains and losses , Instead, the calculation of exchange gains and losses is concentrated at the end of the period .

EBS practice

A dollar receivable business occurs, as shown in the figure below , exchange rate USD:CNY = 6

The voucher is shown in the figure ：

The balance sheet is shown in the figure ：

Change the ending exchange rate to 3, Equivalent to RMB appreciation , Accounts receivable need to be offset 3 element （ Decrease in RMB income 3 element , Quite lost money ）, Generate vouchers after revaluation ：


summary ：
Exchange gain / loss is equivalent to a balancing account , Expense account , The borrower increases the loss , Lenders increase profits .

Reference material

Reference article （ Some text descriptions of this article quote the following blog , In case of infringement, delete ）
https://www.cnblogs.com/benio/p/9563832.html