Pytest learning --base

pytest Unit test framework

Unit testing refers to the process of software development , The smallest unit for software ( function 、 Method ) Carry out correct inspection and test
Unit test framework ：
java：junit and testing
python：unnitest and pytest

What does the unit test framework mainly do

• Tests found ： Find our test cases from multiple files
• The test execution ： Execute in a certain order and rules , And generate results
• Test judgment ： Judge the difference between the expected results and the world results through assertions
• Test report ： Statistical test progress , Time consuming , Passing rate , Generate test reports
  What is the relationship between unit test framework and automation test framework
• What is automated testing framework ： To complete the complete code framework of the whole system , Encapsulate the basic modules of Automation , Management module
• effect
• Improve test efficiency , Lower maintenance costs
• Reduce human intervention , Improve the accuracy of the test , Increase code reuse
• The core idea is to enable people who don't understand the code to realize automated testing through this framework
• pytest The relationship between unit testing and automated testing framework
• Unit test framework ：
• pom Design patterns
• Data driven
• Keyword Driven
• Encapsulation of global configuration files
• Log monitoring
• selienium,requests
• Assertion
• Report mail

pytest brief introduction

1、pytest It's a very mature python Unit test framework , Than unnitest Simple
2、pytest You can talk to selinum,requests,appinum In combination with implementation web automation , Interface automation ,APP automation
3、pytest You can skip test cases and returns Retry of failed cases
4、pytest You can talk to allture Generate very beautiful test reports
5、pytest You can talk to jenkins Continuous integration
6、pytest There are many very powerful plug-ins , And these plug-ins can realize many operations
- pytest
- pytest-html（ Generate html Automated test report in ）
- pytest-xdist Test cases are executed step by step , many cpu distribution
- pytest-ordering Used to change the execution order of use cases
- pytest-returning Run again after the use case fails
- allure-pytest Used to generate beautiful test reports
- Put it in requirement.txt Through the file pip install -r requirement.txt

Use pytest, Default test case rules and basic application

• 1、 Module name must be test_ perhaps _test ending
• 2、 The test class must be Test start , Can not have __init__ Method
• 3、 The test method must be test start

pytest How test cases run

• Run in main function mode
  - Run all ：pytest.main()
  Specify modules ：pytest.main([‘-vs’,‘test_login.py’])
  Specify the directory to run ：pytest.main([‘-vs’,‘./interface/test_01_inter.py’])
  adopt nodeid Specify the use case run ：node By module name , Separator , Class name , Method name , The function name consists of

• Run in command line mode
  - Run all pytest
  Specify the module to run pytest -vs test_login.py
  Specify the directory to run ：pytest -vs ./interface/test_01_inter.py
  Parameters, ：
  -s： The output debugging information includes print Printed information
  -v： Show more details
  -vs： These two parameters are used together
  -n： Support multithreading or distributed running of test cases
  pytest -vs ./testcase/test_login.py -n 2
  -x： It means that as long as there is an error in one use case , Then the test stops
  -k： Specify the test case according to the partial string of the test case
  Such as ：pytest -vs ./testcase -k “ao”
  –html Generate html The report
  

• By reading the pytest.ini Profile run
  -pytest.ini This document he is pytest The core configuration file of unit test mining construction
  - Location ： It is usually placed in the root directory of the project
  - code ：ASCII code , have access to nopad++ Modify encoding format
  - effect ： change pytest The default behavior
  - Operation rules ： Whether it's the running mode of the main function , Run in command line mode , Go back and read the configuration file

[pytest]
addopts=-vs					#  The command line arguments are 
testpaths=./testcase		#  Path of test case 
python_files = test_*.py	#  Rules for module names 
python_classes = Test*		#  Rules for class names 
python_functions = test		#  Rules for method names 
marks = 
	smoke: Smoke use case 
	usermanage: User management module 

6、 ... and 、pytest The order in which test cases are executed ：
The default execution mode is from top to bottom
Mark to execute

Group execution （ smoking , Interface ,web）

smoke： Cat's eye use case , Distributed in each module
pytest -m “smoke”
pytest -m "smoke or usermanage"t

Skip test cases
（1） Jump unconditionally

pytest.mark.skip(reason="xxxx")

class TestCar:
	age = 20
	@pytest.mark.skip(reason="xxxxxx")
	def test_01_car(self):
		print("this is old car")

（2） Conditional skip

class TestCar:
	age = 20
	@pytest.mark.skipif(age>=18,reason="xxxxxxx")
	def test_01_car(self):
		print("this is old car")
pytest.mark.skipif(age>=18,reason="xxxxxxx")