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技术分享 | 接口测试价值与体系
2022-07-05 18:23:00 【hogwarts_beibei】
如果把测试简单分为两类,那么就是客户端测试和服务端测试。移动端的测试包括 UI 测试,兼容性测试等,服务端测试包括接口测试。接口测试检查数据的交换、传递和控制管理过程。它绕过了客户端,直接对服务端进行测试。

接口测试的价值
服务端非常复杂,就像下图的阿里核心链路图,包含大约 150 个组件,组件与组件之间进行交互,形成了密集的后端网络。UI 测试无法覆盖这么复杂的组件交互网络,所以要绕过客户端,直接使用接口测试对服务端进行测试。

接口测试的体系
对行业的各种测试进行分层,越往上,发现 bug 的时间越晚,成本越高。接口测试(Service)相比 UI 测试,可以更早发现问题,更快的质量反馈;同理,单元测试(Unit)相比接口测试,可以更早发现问题,更快的质量反馈,花费的成本更低。
分层测试:

客户端测试与服务端测试的关系
虽然接口测试覆盖面广,但是也不能使用接口测试替代客户端测试。UI 测试涉及到了用户体验的问题,这部分是无法用接口测试进行替代的。
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