GoLand environment variable configuration

【linux】

1. Download binary package

wget https://golang.google.cn/dl/go1.17.6.linux-amd64.tar.gz

2. Extract the downloaded binary package to /usr/local Catalog

cd /usr/local tar -zxvf go1.17.6.linux-amd64.tar.gz

3. take /usr/local/go/bin Add directory to PATH environment variable

（1） Edit profile

cd ~ vim /etc/profile

（2） Add content

# goland

export GOROOT=/usr/local/go

export GOPATH=/usr/local/go/gopath/

export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin

Be careful ：GOPATH The value of cannot be the same as GOROOT identical

（3） stay GPPATH New under the directory bin、pkg、src Three folders

cd /usr/local/go/gopath/

mkdir bin

mkdir pkg

mkdir src

（4） Refresh profile

source /etc/profile

Golang Detailed explanation of environment variable settings - Go Chinese language network - Golang The Chinese community

【mac】

（1） download pkg Installation package

https://golang.google.cn/dl/

（2） Modify the configuration file .bash_profile

vim .bash_profile

export GOROOT=/usr/local/go

export GOPATH=/usr/local/go/gopath/

export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin

remarks ：GOPATH Decide to rely on storage location

（2） stay GPPATH New under the directory bin、pkg、src Three folders

cd /usr/local/go/gopath/

mkdir bin

mkdir pkg

mkdir src

（3） Refresh profile

source .bash_profile

【Windows】

（1） To configure GOROOT

GOROOT The variable value of is GO Installation directory /usr/local/go

（2） To configure GOPATH

GOPATH The variable value of is stored Go The path of language project /usr/local/go/Go_WorkSpace

In the above GOPATH In the corresponding path , newly build bin、pkg、src Three folders , See the picture below ：

（3） To configure Path

Path There are configuration information of other installers in , Here's one more GO Of bin Catalog /usr/local/go/bin

（4） Verify that the configuration is successful

go env

(5) View the installed by command Go Version of

go version

【 help 】

go help gopath

【 matters needing attention 】

• Depending on the installation location GOPATH=/usr/local/go/gopath
• GOPATH It can be a list of directories , perform  go get Downloaded third-party libraries , Generally, it will be downloaded to the first directory of the list
• Need to put GOPATH The executable directory in is also configured into the environment variable , Otherwise, the third party you download by yourself go Tools will not work
• GOPATH Must contain src、pkg、bin Three files

go Dependency package management

【 Install third party dependencies 】

go install github.com/xuri/excelize

go get github.com/xuri/excelize

Modular installation

go get github.com/xuri/excelize/v2

（1） If prompted “go get: module github.com/xuri/excelize/v2: Get "https://proxy.golang.org/github.com/xuri/excelize/v2/@v/list": dial tcp 142.251.42.241:443: i/o timeout”

terms of settlement ： Turn on wall climbing or set Domestic mirror

（2） If prompted “go: could not create module cache: mkdir /usr/local/go/gopath/pkg/mod: permission denied”

terms of settlement ：

First execute the following command to create mod, Re execute the module installation command

sudo mkdir /usr/local/go/gopath/pkg/mod

go Dependency package management

【 Update third-party dependencies 】

go get -u github.com/xuri/excelize/v2

【 Use go modules】

sudo mkdir /usr/local/go/gopath/pkg/mod

go mod It is the official package management tool , Before, there were unofficial package management tools , for example ：go vendor Tools such as

development history

stay go1.11 After the version ,go mod It is designated as the official package management tool , It provides more flexible management , The package can be versioned , And your project doesn't have to be GOPATH I'm off .

stay Go 1.14 in , Module support is considered ready for production , And encourage all users to migrate from other dependency management systems to modules .

It is recommended to use Go 1.15 And later versions

Using Go Modules - The Go Programming Language

Preparations before use

set GO111MODULE=on

Environment variables can be used  GO111MODULE  Turn module support on or off , It has three optional values ：off、on、auto, The default value is auto.

GO111MODULE=off  No module support ,go From GOPATH and vendor Folder search package .

GO111MODULE=on  Module support ,go Will ignore GOPATH and vendor Folder , Based on go.mod Download dependency .

GO111MODULE=auto  stay $GOPATH/src Outside and the root directory has go.mod When you file , Enable module support .

When using modules ,GOPATH It's meaningless , But it still stores the download dependency in the  GOPATH/pkg/mod in , Will also put goinstall The results of GOPATH/bin in

set GOPRIVATE=XXX.XXX.com

This command is when using proxy , Filter GOPRIVATE Download the package under the set domain name , Usually private library

The command is Go 1.13 New features in version

​
set GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn

This command sets the proxy , To prevent from being qiang, Set on demand

There are other agents such as ,https://goproxy.io;http://mirrors.aliyun.com/goproxy/

Go Mod command

download    download modules to local cache ( Download dependent module To local cache))

edit        edit go.mod from tools or scripts ( edit go.mod file )

graph      print module requirement graph ( Print module dependency graph ))

init        initialize new module in current directory ( Initialize a new one under the current folder module,  establish go.mod file ))

tidy        add missing and remove unused modules ( Add lost module, Remove unused module)

vendor      make vendored copy of dependencies ( Copy dependency to vendor Next )

verify      verify dependencies have expected content ( Verification dependency )

why        explain why packages or modules are needed ( Explain why you need to rely )

Practice

1. perform go mod  init

go mod init demo

After two sentences of command , You'll see , There are many projects go.mod and go.sum file .

go.mod: It can be understood as package management file

go.sum: It can be understood as the version control file of the package

To be more precise ,go.sum Is a build status trace file

  Be careful ：

2. go mod  tidy

go mod tidy

Use go mod after , After the package is downloaded, it is put in $GOPATH/pkg/mod Next

Reference documents ：

https://blog.csdn.net/benben_2015/article/details/82227338

https://blog.csdn.net/wangyufeng43400141/article/details/107170481/