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【Go基础】1 - Go Go Go
2022-07-04 07:40:00 【李易安QSR】
一、Go历史
1、起源
诞生于谷歌,为了解决以下问题
- 多核硬件架构
- 超大规模分布式计算集群
- Web模式导致的前所未有的开发规模和更新速度
2、Go语言创始人
3、为什么叫Go
名字足够简单,不管作为后缀,还是加一些工具类型
4、安装和下载
官网啥都有:https://golang.google.cn/
IDE:Atom、VSCode、GoLand
二、Go的第一行代码
1、开发环境构建
- 1.8版本之前必须要设置GOPATH这个环境变量
- 1.8版本之后如果没有设置环境变量,会使用默认值
- Unix上会默认$HOME/go
- windows上会默认是%USERPROFILE%/go
- 在Mac上GOPATH可以通过修改用户级别环境变量,~/.bash_profile来进行设置
如何查看自己的go版本
go version
如何查看自己当前环境变量配置
go env
2、记事本编写hello.go
package main //包,表明代码所在的模块
//引入标准化输入输出包
import "fmt"
func main() {
fmt.Println("hello go!")
}
执行命令
# 直接运行
go run hello.go
# 直接生成二进制(可执行文件,windows会直接生成一个.exe文件)
go build hello.go
3、Go如何识别应用程序入口
三点必须
- 必须是main包下边(文件夹名字和package名字一般情况下需要一样,go不做强制要求)
问:如何定义这个main包呢?创建一个名字是main的文件夹就可以?
答:不是的,只是需要在这个文件的第一行,声明package时候说明为main
- 必须是main方法
- 文件名不一定是main.go(但是习惯上是)
4、如何控制台传参
package main
import (
"fmt"
"os"
)
func main() {
fmt.Println(os.Args)
if len(os.Args) > 1{
fmt.Println("***" + os.Args[1])
}
os.Exit(0)
}
5、如何编写一个测试程序
需要满足
- 文件名以“_test”结尾
- 方法名以“Test”开头
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