Golang uses XOR ^ to exchange two variables and encrypt / decrypt them

Swap two variables with XOR

//  Not applicable to temporary variables tmp 
//  Using the properties of XOR   Equivalent to 0  Different for 1
func swap(a, b int) (int, int) {
    
	a ^= b //  XOR equals operation   Same as 0  Different for 1 0000 0010 (a=2) ^ 0000 0011 (b=3) = 0000 0001 (a=1)
	b ^= a // 0000 0011 (b=3) ^ 0000 0001 (a=1) = 0000 0010 (b=2)
	a ^= b // 0000 0001(a=1) ^ 0000 0010 (b=2) = 0000 0011 (a=3)
	return a, b
}

You can use the XOR feature to encrypt files

encryption

func main() {
    
	const key = 11
	var (
		d  byte
		s  string = "abc"
		ds string
		dsSlice []byte
	)
	// encryption 

	for _, v := range s {
    
		d = byte(v ^ key)
		dsSlice = append(dsSlice, d)
		fmt.Printf(" After encryption byte:%v, character ：%s, Original character is ：%s\n",d,string(d),string(v))
	}
	ds = string(dsSlice)
	fmt.Printf(" Plaintext ：%s  Ciphertext ：%s\n",s,ds)
	//  Decrypt 
	dsSlice = dsSlice[:0]
	for _, v := range ds {
    
		d = byte(v ^ 11)
		dsSlice = append(dsSlice, d)
		fmt.Printf(" After decryption byte:%v, character ：%s, Original character is ：%s\n",d,string(d),string(v))
	}
	s = string(dsSlice)
	fmt.Printf(" Ciphertext ：%s  Plaintext ：%s\n",ds,s)
}
// After encryption byte:106, character ：j, Original character is ：a
// After encryption byte:105, character ：i, Original character is ：b
// After encryption byte:104, character ：h, Original character is ：c
//  Plaintext ：abc  Ciphertext ：jih
// After decryption byte:97, character ：a, Original character is ：j
// After decryption byte:98, character ：b, Original character is ：i
// After decryption byte:99, character ：c, Original character is ：h
//  Ciphertext ：jih  Plaintext ：abc