Summary of advantages and disadvantages of various architectures

The advantages and disadvantages of various architectures are summarized

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Preface

The development of software architecture has experienced from single architecture 、 Vertical architecture 、SOA Evolution from architecture to microservice architecture , Let's take a look at these architectures

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One 、 Monomer architecture

Architecture description ： All functions are concentrated in one project )
Architecture advantages ： Simple architecture , Low pre development cost 、 Short development cycle , Suitable for small projects .
Architecture shortcomings ：

1. All functions in one project , It's not easy to develop for large projects 、 Expansion and maintenance
2. The technology stack is limited , Only one language can be used to develop
3. System performance can only be extended by extending cluster nodes , The high cost

Two 、 Vertical architecture

Architecture description ： Cut according to business , Form a small single project .
Architecture advantages ： The technology stack is scalable （ Different systems can use different programming languages ）
Architecture shortcomings ：

1. The function is concentrated in one project , Not conducive to development 、 Expand 、 maintain .
2. System expansion can only be achieved through clustering
3. Functional redundancy between projects 、 data redundancy 、 Strong coupling

3、 ... and 、SOA framework

SOA The full name of the architecture is Service-Oriented Architecture, Service oriented architecture . The loosely coupled coarse-grained components can be distributed and deployed through the network according to the requirements 、 Combination and use . A service usually exists in an operating system process in a separate form .
From the perspective of function , Abstract business logic into reusable services . Through the service choreography to achieve rapid business regeneration , Purpose ： Transform the original inherent business functions into common business services , Fast reuse of business logic .

Architecture description ： Extract the repeated function modules into the form of components , External services , Use... Between projects and services ESB（ Enterprise service bus ） As a bridge of communication .
Architecture advantages ： Duplicate functions or modules are extracted as services , Improve development efficiency . High reusability , High maintainability
Architecture shortcomings ：

1. There are different services among different systems , It is difficult to determine if a function or module is duplicated
2. Compared with microservices , Large extraction granularity
3. The coupling between system and service is high

Four 、 Microservice architecture

Architecture description ：

• Separate the system service layer completely , Micro services extracted one by one .
• The granularity of extraction is finer , Follow a single principle .
• The lightweight framework protocol is adopted for transmission .

Architecture advantages ：

• Service splitting is more granular , It's good for improving development efficiency
• We can develop corresponding optimization schemes for different services
• For the Internet age , Product iteration cycle is shorter

Architecture shortcomings ：

• The particle size is too fine , Resulting in too many services , Maintenance costs are high
• The technology cost of distributed system development is high , It's a big challenge for the team