Connect mysql detailed graphic operations in ECs docker (all)

Preface

On the cloud server through docker Built mysql
The local navicat Connect mysql This error always occurs when
The questions are as follows

2003 - Can’t connect to MySQL server on 'xxx'(10060)

The screenshot is as follows ：

For this question , Maybe some details are missing （ There's always this , Check one operation by one ）
The following articles are built from zero mysql
And through navicat Connect mysql Graphic operation of

1. install mysql

On the server through docker install mysql
install mysql 5.7 Mirror image ：sudo docker pull mysql:5.7

After pulling the image , You can check whether the image is installed docker images
Create an instance and start ：

docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql \
-v /mydata/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql \
-v /mydata/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /mydata/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \
-d mysql:5.7

Description of the code module ：

• -p Map ports , Put it linux Of 3306 Port and port mysql Inside the container 3306 Port mapping
• -v For mounting （etc For profile ,log For log files ,lib For profile ）
  Put it mysql The files inside the container are mounted to linux in , Every change will be in linux Show , Instead of going inside the container to check
  -e initialization 123456 User password

Modify the configuration file ：( It is mainly about the modification of configuration files in coding format )
Because the container has mapped files to linux in , stay linux Just modify it
The specific command is as follows ：vim /mydata/mysql/conf/my.conf

[client]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci
skip-character-set-client-handshake
skip-name-resolve

Look at the docker Medium mysql Is there a mapping ：
adopt docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash Into the container , And check the files in the container

After confirming that the mapping is successful , adopt docker restart mysql Containers id

2. Open remote connection

Default mysql You can't connect remotely

Through the top docker Once in the container
Sign in mysql：mysql -u root -p
The password for 123456, The password is docker install mysql Configured

Open remote connection ：ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456'; ,( The password is 123456, Yes, then connect remotely mysql Password )
Refresh effective ：FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Look again ：select host,user,plugin,authentication_string from mysql.user;

You can see root Authorized by the host by %, That is, remote access has been enabled

3. A firewall

You can open a port to map out or directly close the firewall
See my previous article for specific firewall knowledge points ：

1. ubuntu: Explain firewall configuration in detail （ whole ）
2. linux The firewall command firewall、iptable As well as detailed interpretation of port number （ whole ）

If only one firewall port is enabled ：（ That is to say 3306mysql The port of ）
Check the open port number ：firewall-cmd --list-ports
Permanently open one 3306 Port number ：firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
service iptables restart ：firewall-cmd --reload
Check whether the port number is enabled again ：firewall-cmd --list-ports

The screenshot is as follows ：

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Another way is to close it directly

Or simply close the firewall ：systemctl stop firewalld.service
Check the status of the firewall ：systemctl status firewalld.service

4. Inbound rules

The security rules of ECS need to configure inbound rules
See the description of its official website for specific servers ,（ I am Huawei cloud server ）： Configure security group rules

Configure inbound rules as follows ：

After the configuration is successful

stay linux You can check whether the port number is open through the command line , adopt lsof、netstat
The specific use method is lsof -i Check whether the port is open ,netstat Provide network related information of the host , It can be done by netstat -anp

General order ：netstat -anp | grep 3306
The screenshot is as follows ：（ This configuration indicates that the port mapping has been successful ）

5. Connect mysql

navicat Connect mysql
ip The address is server instead of docker Of , The account password is mysql Instead of the server

In the local ping ip Can the address be communicated
roughly ip For the elasticity of ECS ip Address instead of private address （ Ensure communication ）