The future has come and the 5g advanced era has begun

Not so long ago ,2022 year 3 late , Standard Organization 3GPP Through online discussion , Well done R17 Version functionality freeze .

R17 It's global 5G The third version of the standard , It's also 5G The last version of the first phase of the standard . Its freezing , signify 5G We are about to enter a more challenging second stage , That's what the industry calls 5.5G Of 5G-Advanced Stage .

5G Evolution roadmap

stay 5G The first stage , The global 5G The construction has made encouraging achievements . In just over three years ,5G It has been widely used in the world ,210 Several operators have deployed 5G The Internet .

Our Chinese 5G Building , It is even more dominant . According to the latest data from the Ministry of industry and information technology , At home 5G The total number of base stations has exceeded 160 m ,5G The number of mobile users exceeds 4.13 Million households , Far ahead of other countries .

stay 5G toB aspect , We are also going well . at present , At home “5G+ Industrial Internet ” Projects under construction 2400 individual ,5G Application cases exceed 2 m . In the mine 、 Electric power 、 Iron and steel 、 Ports and other industries , A lot of 5G Landing project , Leading industrial ecological innovation , Driving the digital transformation of the industry .

Facing the coming 5G-Advanced, We can't help thinking ： What will it bring ？ It will make up for the existing 5G What are the shortcomings of the technology ？ What kind of technological innovation and change will be stimulated ？

6 month 6 Japan , Domestic value 5G On the third anniversary of the issuance of the licence , China Mobile held “5G-Advanced Press conference on innovation achievements of dual chain integration industry ”. At the meeting , China Mobile joins hands with Huawei and other industrial partners , Jointly released the first batch of 5G-Advanced End to end industry model and 《5G-Advanced White paper on new capabilities and industrial development 》.

This press conference showed that China Mobile, Huawei and other leading enterprises in the communications industry have made great contributions to 5G-Advanced In-depth understanding and interpretation of , It shows the research progress of several key technologies , It outlines for us 5.5G The general outline of .

Next , Jujube will read it in detail , Various items displayed at the press conference 5G-Advanced Important innovation achievements , And the business and technology trends behind it .

█ 5G-Advanced Our vision and values

5G-Advanced Officially identified as 5G The name of the evolution , Is in 2021 year 4 month . It is thought to be 5G Upgraded version , Bearing 5G and 6G The role of transition and connection between .

at present , Already exist 5G Driven by technology , The whole society is accelerating digital intellectualization . A new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation have taken place , And gradually promote .

Transformation and transformation of hundreds of lines and thousands of industries , It puts forward higher requirements for the ability of communication connection . While the existing 5G technology , It doesn't meet these requirements very well .

therefore , The industry put forward 5G-Advanced, Treat it as 5G The enhancement of , From the architecture level and the technical level , To meet diversified business demands , Solve the pain points of industrial users .

5G-Advanced The heavy responsibilities undertaken , Is to further enhance the potential of the network , Create greater social and economic value .

5.5G The key network features of are Ubiquitous 10 Gigabit experience and Hundreds of billions of connections .

stay ITU Defined 5G Three standard scenarios eMBB、mMTC、uRLLC On the basis of ,5G-Advanced Further enhancements and extensions have been made , Three new scenarios have been added , namely ：UCBC（ Uplink UWB ）、RTBC（ Broadband real-time interaction ） and HCS（ Communication awareness fusion ）.

After expansion ,5.5G Can greatly enrich 5G Industrial space , It is more in line with the real needs of digital economy and industrial digital transformation .

Dinghaiyu, vice president of China Mobile Research Institute, mentioned at the press conference ,5G-Advanced There are three directions for the development of , Namely ：“ Network of excellence ”、“ Wisdom begets wisdom ” and “ Low carbon and high efficiency ”.

In three directions , A number of key technologies have been further refined . Through these key technologies ,5G-Advanced It will support downlink 10 Gigabit （10Gbps） Peak rate 、 Uplink Gigabit （1Gbps） Peak rate 、 Millisecond delay 、 Low cost 100 billion IOT , And perception 、 High precision positioning and other capabilities beyond connection .

Of particular concern , It is the focus of this press conference 5G-Advanced The first batch of end-to-end four industry model achievements , Namely ：X-Layer Cross layer financing 、 Communication awareness fusion 、eIoT Passive Internet of things and Time frequency unified full duplex UDD.

█ Four industry model achievements

The four major achievements are mentioned above 5G-Advanced The core of key technologies , It is the key direction of network capability development in the future .

• X-Layer Cross layer financing

First , Let's take a look “X-Layer Cross layer financing ”.

“X-Layer Cross layer financing ” It's a special one for XR Business tailored technology , Used to satisfy XR 100% of the business Mbps and 5ms Time delay , And the future meta universe as high as 10Gbps The rate and the demand of low delay in milliseconds .

Everybody knows , The metauniverse attracted worldwide attention last year , It is regarded as a new technology tuyere . essentially , The meta universe is the deep integration of the virtual world and the real world . And the meta universe is based on XR technology , It is the channel between the virtual world and the real world .

In a nutshell ,“X-Layer Cross layer financing ” Cross layer information sharing through application layer and network layer , Conduct two-way business scheduling , Achieve global performance optimization , help 5G The network better supports XR Business .

From a technical point of view , This technology includes two aspects ：

One , Perceive network status information through the service layer , The business layer can adjust the size of the contract content and the code rate , To flexibly adapt to different states of the network .

Two , Perceive business information through the network layer , Realize to “ Important business frames ” Integrity protection of , And the differential scheduling of different data streams , Provide end-to-end “ Service frame level ”QoS guarantee .

at present , China Mobile joins hands with Huawei 、 Migu has jointly completed the industry's first “X-Layer Cross layer financing ” Four in one industrial test of technology end network cloud industry . The test results show that , Based on China Mobile 4.9GHz Frequency band 100M Bandwidth single sector , Can support at the same time 20 individual XR Terminal system , Increased capacity 5 times .

• Communication awareness fusion

“ Communication awareness fusion ”, abbreviation “ Synaesthesia fusion ”, It is mainly for the Internet of vehicles （C2X） Technological innovation of the business .

The Internet of vehicles business has developed rapidly in recent years 、 Fruitful results , yes 5G The direction of key industries . It has an economic and industrial value of 10 billion yuan , Is a huge potential market .

Internet of vehicles in road supervision 、 Autopilot 、 High definition map construction and other fields , There is a dual need for communication and perception , It is not only necessary to keep the vehicle data flow smooth , It is also necessary to accurately master the spatial position of the vehicle .

Compared with ordinary radar ,5G The network has stronger coverage , The antenna array is large , Building low-cost 、 High precision 、 Seamless ubiquitous communication aware integrated network , Have a natural advantage .

5G-Advanced Synaesthesia fusion symbiosis , It includes innovation in three directions in technology ：

The first is the integrated air interface and hardware design . By using 5G Existing waveform , Carry out integrated perceptual signal design , On the same spectrum resources , Enable both communication and sensing functions , Realize the sharing of communication and perception on the air interface and hardware .

secondly , It takes advantage of the cooperation between cellular communication nodes . Outside the spontaneous self sensing mode of ordinary radar , Provide a new collaborative awareness model , So as to surpass the perceptual performance of ordinary radar , Provide near global coverage aware services .

Finally, design localization . Independently deployable , Lightweight flexible agile awareness architecture , Reduce sensing delay , Meet the perception requirements of the Internet of vehicles with low delay .

China Mobile and Huawei have jointly created a model of synaesthesia integration , By deploying synaesthesia integrated base stations , The real-time tracking of vehicle trajectory is realized . Under the requirement of sub meter accuracy , The first breakthrough in perceived distance 800 rice . In terms of detection range resolution, etc , Synaesthesia fusion technology improves the performance of ordinary radar 3~5 times , It has the unique advantage of continuous and seamless perception .

• UDD Time frequency unified full duplex

UDD The main goal of time-frequency unified full duplex , It's for improvement 5G Uplink communication capability of , Meet the requirements of image acquisition 、 The demand for uplink high bandwidth services such as video return , In order to better meet the needs of industrial control 1 Extreme delay and within milliseconds 99.9999% High reliability requirements .

UDD Time frequency unified full duplex technology , Including dual carrier UDD（D-UDD） And single carrier UDD（S-UDD） Two kinds of . Double carrier UDD Technology is divided into SUL Supplementary uplink and complementary frame structure .

S-UDD（ Single carrier subband full duplex ）, By self interference elimination 、 Key technologies such as inter subband interference suppression , Satisfy 1ms Extreme delay demand within ; Flexible adjustment of uplink and downlink bandwidth , Effectively match the rate requirements of large uplink or large downlink .

be based on SUL Supplement uplink dual carriers UDD, It can effectively improve the uplink rate and coverage . Dual carrier based on complementary frame structure UDD, Through cross carrier flexibility HARQ Feedback and retransmission merge , Extreme delay can be achieved .

UDD Time frequency unified full duplex technology , Extremely flexible , To break the TDD Performance ceiling , It can cope with extreme delay and extremely high reliability , At the same time, the uplink coverage is improved , It refreshes the limit of spectrum efficiency .

China Mobile is 3GPP R18 The presenter of the duplex research project , At present, two types of dual carrier have been completed UDD The experiment of Technology , Taking the lead in single carrier with higher technical difficulty UDD Research .

last year 12 In the experiment in January , Dual carrier based on complementary frame structure UDD End to end less than 4 Millisecond delay and 6 individual 9 The reliability of the .

This release is based on SUL Supplement uplink dual carriers UDD, adopt 50M SUL Add 100M Of TDD, For the first time in the industry 3Gbps Cell uplink peak rate , Promoted 10 times .

• eIoT Cellular IOT

The three innovations mentioned above , All are “ Network of excellence ” The direction of the . The next innovation is ,“eIoT Cellular IOT technology ”, Belong to “ Wisdom begets wisdom ” Direction .

Very low cost 、 Very low power passive Internet of things technology , It is the emerging focus of the development of the Internet of things industry . At retail 、 Industry 、 Electric power 、 Agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry 、 Logistics and other vertical industries , There are a large number of applications such as identity recognition and sensor information transmission . These needs , All need to be met based on passive Internet of things technology .

Passive Internet of things , The scale of the Internet of things has been increased by an order of magnitude , From 10 billion to 100 billion .

However , Traditional passive Internet of things technology , for example RFID, In positioning accuracy 、 There is a big bottleneck in the coverage distance , The communication distance is less than 10 rice , And the tag position tracking cannot be realized .

therefore , China Mobile has jointly launched a new passive IOT technology with the industry , That is to say Cellular IOT eIoT technology .

This technology is optimized through inter station resource coordination and joint scheduling , Centralized transceiver and distributed incentive technology , Improved communication distance . It also passes with 5G Combination of positioning technology , Support sub meter positioning accuracy . Through the new end-to-end network architecture , Realize wide area label positioning and sensor information collection .

In short , Cellular IOT eiot Technology has successfully built a wide coverage 、 The cost is low 、 A new passive IOT network with accurate location .

In China Mobile eIoT In the prototype test of the first stage of the cellular IOT technology , Coverage distance breakthrough 200 rice . Compared with tradition RFID technology , Coverage has improved 20 Many times .

█ Conclusion

Introduced at this press conference 5G-Advanced There are many other key technologies for innovation . Limited to space , I'm not going to introduce you one by one . If you are interested , You can download the white paper for in-depth study （ Click at the end to read the original ）.

Press 3GPP Follow up work plan ,R18 The version will be in 2023 Freeze the third stage at the end of the year . therefore ,5G-Advanced As early as 2024 Commercial deployment began in .

The near future ,5G-Advanced Will be in 5G Has laid a good business foundation , It will further promote the innovation and upgrading of the industry , Consolidate the foundation of digital economy , A rolling wave of digital transformation of the country and society .

5.5G Time , What wonderful things are waiting for us ？ Let's wait and see ！

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