Let's start from scratch ：C By Dennis Ritchie stay 1970 In the early s, in America AT＆T An intermediate programming language developed by Bell Labs while working . It was developed to redesign UNIX In the context of the operating system , Enable it to be used on multiple computers .
before , Language B Now used to improve UNIX System . As a high-level language ,B Allows code generation faster than assembly language . however , because B The data type was not understood and was not provided “ structure ” Use , So it's still flawed .
These shortcomings become Ritchie The development is called C The power of the new programming language . He kept B Most of the grammar of language , And added data types and many other necessary changes . Final ,C On 1971-73 Annual development , At the same time, it contains advanced functions and detailed functions needed to program the operating system . therefore , Include UNIX The kernel itself is a lot of UNIX Components end up with C rewrite .
C The benefits of language
As an intermediate language ,C It combines the functions of high-level and low-level languages . It can be used for low-level programming , Such as driver and kernel scripts , It also supports advanced programming language features , For example, scripts for software applications, etc .
C Is a structured programming language , It allows complex programs to be decomposed into simple programs called functions . It also allows free movement of data across these functions .
C The various functions of language , Including direct access to machine level hardware API,C The existence of language compilers , Deterministic resource usage and dynamic memory allocation , send C Language is the best choice for scripting applications and embedded system drivers .
C Languages are case sensitive , This means that lower and upper case letters will be treated differently .
C Highly portable , Can be used to script system applications , These applications make up Windows,UNIX and Linux The main part of the operating system .
C It's a universal programming language , Can be used effectively for enterprise applications , game , Graphics and applications that need to be calculated .
C Language has a rich library , The library provides many built-in functions . It also provides dynamic memory allocation .
C Fast implementation of algorithms and data structures , So as to promote faster calculation in the program . This enables applications that require more computation （ Such as MATLAB and Mathematica） Use in C Language becomes possible .
With these advantages ,C Became dominant and rapidly expanded beyond Bell Labs , It replaced many well-known languages of the time , for example ALGOL,B,PL / I,FORTRAN etc. .C Languages are already available on a variety of platforms, from embedded microcontrollers to supercomputers .
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