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SQL Server monitoring statistics blocking script information

2022-07-05 10:39:00 【Full stack programmer webmaster】

The database is blocked （Blocking） The essence of ：SQL Statement continuously holds the lock for too long , Too many , It's too big . Blocking is a side effect of transaction isolation , It's inevitable , And it's a common phenomenon in database system . But the time and frequency of blocking should be controlled within a certain range , Blocking lasts too long or blocking occurs too much （ all too often ）, It will have a serious impact on the performance of the database .

A lot of times ,DBA You need to know when the database has performance problems , Is there any blockage ？ When did it start ？ Happened on that database ？ Blocking occurs in those SQL Between sentences ？ How long is the jam ？ The frequency of congestion ？ Blocking related connections are sent from those client applications ？…….

If we can know these specific information , We can quickly locate the problem , Analyze the cause of blocking , So as to find out the root cause of performance problems , And give the corresponding solutions according to the specific reasons （ Index adjustment 、 Optimize SQL Statement etc. ）.

There are many ways to check blocking , I am in this blog MS SQL Common scripts for daily maintenance and management ( Two ) There are some ways to check the blocking ：

Method 1： Check that caused the blockage , see blk Not for 0 The record of , If there is a blocking process , Is the session of the blocking process ID. Otherwise, the column is zero .

EXEC sp_who active

Method 2： Check that caused the blockage , View fields BlkBy, This can be compared with sp_who More information .

EXEC sp_who2 active

Method 3：sp_lock System stored procedure , Report information about locks , But it is inconvenient to locate the problem

Method 4：sp_who_lock stored procedure

Method 5： Right click on the server - choice “ Activities and monitors ”, View process options . Be careful “ Task status ” Field .

Method 6： Right click the service name - Select Report - Standard report - Activities - All blocking transactions .

But the above method , For example sp_who、 sp_who2,sp_who_lock etc. , Have more or less shortcomings ： For example, you cannot view blocked and blocked SQL sentence . You can't check the situation of blocking in a period of time ; The blocking time is not displayed ……. We want to realize the following functions ：

1: Checking that session blocked that session

2： Blocked sessions and blocked sessions are executing SQL sentence

3： How long has it been blocked

4： Like client IP、Proagram_Name Information like that

5： The point in time when blocking occurs

6： The frequency of congestion

7： if necessary , Relevant developers should be informed ,DBA You can't do everything, can you , Then I'll die of fatigue , Developers have to be involved to optimize （ Some problems should be solved by them ）, Learn more about the specific operation of the system , It helps them understand the problem 、 solve the problem .

8： Turn on this function when necessary , There is no need to turn off this function

So in order to meet the above functions , With the following SQL sentence 

SELECT wt.blocking_session_id                  AS BlockingSessesionId
      ,sp.program_name                         AS ProgramName
      ,COALESCE(sp.LOGINAME, sp.nt_username)   AS HostName    
      ,ec1.client_net_address                  AS ClientIpAddress
      ,db.name                                 AS DatabaseName        
      ,wt.wait_type                            AS WaitType                    
      ,ec1.connect_time                        AS BlockingStartTime
      ,wt.WAIT_DURATION_MS/1000                AS WaitDuration
      ,ec1.session_id                          AS BlockedSessionId
      ,h1.TEXT                                 AS BlockedSQLText
      ,h2.TEXT                                 AS BlockingSQLText
FROM sys.dm_tran_locks AS tl
INNER JOIN sys.databases db
  ON db.database_id = tl.resource_database_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_os_waiting_tasks AS wt
  ON tl.lock_owner_address = wt.resource_address
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_connections ec1
  ON ec1.session_id = tl.request_session_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_connections ec2
  ON ec2.session_id = wt.blocking_session_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN master.dbo.sysprocesses sp
  ON SP.spid = wt.blocking_session_id
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(ec1.most_recent_sql_handle) AS h1
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(ec2.most_recent_sql_handle) AS h2

Let's make a test example to verify

1： Open the first session window 1, Execute the following statement 

USE DBMonitor;
GO
BEGIN TRANSACTION
SELECT * FROM dbo.TEST(TABLOCKX);
--COMMIT TRANSACTION;

2： Open the second session window 2, Execute the following statement 

USE DBMonitor;
GO
SELECT * FROM dbo.TEST

3： Open the third session window 3, Execute the following statement 

SELECT wt.blocking_session_id                  AS BlockingSessesionId
      ,sp.program_name                         AS ProgramName
      ,COALESCE(sp.LOGINAME, sp.nt_username)   AS HostName    
      ,ec1.client_net_address                  AS ClientIpAddress
      ,db.name                                 AS DatabaseName        
      ,wt.wait_type                            AS WaitType                    
      ,ec1.connect_time                        AS BlockingStartTime
      ,wt.WAIT_DURATION_MS/1000                AS WaitDuration
      ,ec1.session_id                          AS BlockedSessionId
      ,h1.TEXT                                 AS BlockedSQLText
      ,h2.TEXT                                 AS BlockingSQLText
FROM sys.dm_tran_locks AS tl
INNER JOIN sys.databases db
  ON db.database_id = tl.resource_database_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_os_waiting_tasks AS wt
  ON tl.lock_owner_address = wt.resource_address
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_connections ec1
  ON ec1.session_id = tl.request_session_id
INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_connections ec2
  ON ec2.session_id = wt.blocking_session_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN master.dbo.sysprocesses sp
  ON SP.spid = wt.blocking_session_id
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(ec1.most_recent_sql_handle) AS h1
CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(ec2.most_recent_sql_handle) AS h2

As shown below , We can see the information of blocking other sessions and blocked sessions , As shown below

Now up there SQL The function of viewing the specific information of blocking has been basically realized , But now there are several problems ：

1： above SQL The script is only suitable for viewing blocking information when blocking has occurred , If there is no blockage , I can't just click and execute all the time , Because blocking may not happen at that time , It will only appear in a specific period of time .

2： I want to know about the blocking of the database in a period of time , Then you need to keep the blocking information .

3： Sometimes I'm too busy , I want to send these specific blocking information to relevant developers , Let them know the specific situation .

So I want to realize this function through a stored procedure , By setting parameters @OutType, The default is to output blocking session information , When the parameter is ”Table” when , Write blocking information to the database table , If the parameter is “Email” Indicates that the blocking information will be sent to the developer by mail .

It's just this time , I am here YourSQLDba Expand some functions on , So I put this stored procedure in YouSQLDba In the database .

USE [YourSQLDba]
GO
IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id=OBJECT_ID(N'[Maint].[BlockingSQLHistory]') AND type='U')
BEGIN
CREATE TABLE Maint.BlockingSQLHistory
(               
                RecordTime                        DATETIME           ,
                DatabaseName                      SYSNAME            ,
                BlockingSessesionId               SMALLINT           ,
                ProgramName                       NCHAR(128)         ,
                UserName                          NCHAR(256)         ,
                ClientIpAddress                   VARCHAR(48)        ,
                WaitType                          NCHAR(60)          ,
                BlockingStartTime                 DATETIME           ,
                WaitDuration                      BIGINT             ,
                BlockedSessionId                  INT                ,        
                BlockedSQLText                    NVARCHAR(MAX)      ,
                BlockingSQLText                   NVARCHAR(MAX)      ,
                CONSTRAINT PK_BlockingSQLHistory  PRIMARY KEY(RecordTime)
)
END
GO

The stored procedure is as follows ：

USE [YourSQLDba]
GO
IF  EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[Maint].[sp_who_blocking]') AND type in (N'P', N'PC'))
DROP PROCEDURE [Maint].[sp_who_blocking]
GO
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
--==================================================================================================================
--        ProcedureName         :            [Maint].[sp_who_blocking]
--        Author                :            Kerry    http://www.cnblogs.com/kerrycode/
--        CreateDate            :            2014-04-23
--        Description           :             Monitor database blocking , Display blocking session information or collect blocking session information or send alarm email 
/******************************************************************************************************************
        Parameters                   ：                                     Parameter description 
********************************************************************************************************************
            @OutType         :             The default is to output blocking session information ,"Table", "Email" Respectively, it means writing blocking information into the table or sending mail 
            @EmailSubject    :             Email subject . The default is Sql Blocking Alert, General designation , for example “ServerName Sql Blocking Alert"
            @ProfileName     :            @profile_name  The default value is YourSQLDba_EmailProfile
            @RecipientsLst   :             List of recipients 
********************************************************************************************************************
   Modified Date    Modified User     Version                 Modified Reason
********************************************************************************************************************
    2014-04-23             Kerry         V01.00.00          New stored procedure [Maint].[sp_who_blocking]
*******************************************************************************************************************/
--==================================================================================================================
CREATE PROCEDURE [Maint].[sp_who_blocking]
(
        @OutType    
            VARCHAR(8) ='Default'                  ,
        @EmailSubject         
            VARCHAR(120)='Sql Blocking Alert'      ,
        @ProfileName         
            sysname='YourSQLDba_EmailProfile'      ,
        @RecipientsLst 
             VARCHAR(MAX) = NULL
)
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @HtmlContent  NVARCHAR(MAX) ;
    IF @OutType NOT IN ('Default', 'Table','Email')
    BEGIN
        PRINT 'The parameter @OutType is not correct,please check it';
        return;
    END
    IF @OutType ='Default'
        BEGIN
              SELECT db.name                                 AS DatabaseName    
                    ,wt.blocking_session_id                  AS BlockingSessesionId
                    ,sp.program_name                         AS ProgramName
                    ,COALESCE(sp.LOGINAME, sp.nt_username)   AS UserName    
                    ,ec1.client_net_address                  AS ClientIpAddress    
                    ,wt.wait_type                            AS WaitType                    
                    ,ec1.connect_time                        AS BlockingStartTime
                    ,wt.WAIT_DURATION_MS/1000                AS WaitDuration
                    ,ec1.session_id                          AS BlockedSessionId
                    ,h1.TEXT                                 AS BlockedSQLText
                    ,h2.TEXT                                 AS BlockingSQLText
              FROM sys.dm_tran_locks AS tl
              INNER JOIN sys.databases db
                ON db.database_id = tl.resource_database_id
              INNER JOIN sys.dm_os_waiting_tasks AS wt
                ON tl.lock_owner_address = wt.resource_address
              INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_connections ec1
                ON ec1.session_id = tl.request_session_id
              INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_connections ec2
                ON ec2.session_id = wt.blocking_session_id
              LEFT OUTER JOIN master.dbo.sysprocesses sp
                ON SP.spid = wt.blocking_session_id
              CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(ec1.most_recent_sql_handle) AS h1
              CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(ec2.most_recent_sql_handle) AS h2;
         END
     ELSE IF @OutType='Table'
        BEGIN
              INSERT INTO [Maint].[BlockingSQLHistory]
              SELECT GETDATE()                               AS RecordTime
                    ,db.name                                 AS DatabaseName    
                    ,wt.blocking_session_id                  AS BlockingSessesionId
                    ,sp.program_name                         AS ProgramName
                    ,COALESCE(sp.LOGINAME, sp.nt_username)   AS UserName    
                    ,ec1.client_net_address                  AS ClientIpAddress
                    ,wt.wait_type                            AS WaitType                    
                    ,ec1.connect_time                        AS BlockingStartTime
                    ,wt.WAIT_DURATION_MS/1000                AS WaitDuration
                    ,ec1.session_id                          AS BlockedSessionId
                    ,h1.TEXT                                 AS BlockedSQLText
                    ,h2.TEXT                                 AS BlockingSQLText
              FROM sys.dm_tran_locks AS tl
              INNER JOIN sys.databases db
                ON db.database_id = tl.resource_database_id
              INNER JOIN sys.dm_os_waiting_tasks AS wt
                ON tl.lock_owner_address = wt.resource_address
              INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_connections ec1
                ON ec1.session_id = tl.request_session_id
              INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_connections ec2
                ON ec2.session_id = wt.blocking_session_id
              LEFT OUTER JOIN master.dbo.sysprocesses sp
                ON SP.spid = wt.blocking_session_id
              CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(ec1.most_recent_sql_handle) AS h1
              CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(ec2.most_recent_sql_handle) AS h2;
         END
      ELSE IF @OutType='Email'
         BEGIN
            SET @HtmlContent =
               N'<head>' 
             + N'<style type="text/css">h2, body {font-family: Arial, verdana;} table{font-size:11px; border-collapse:collapse;} td{background-color:#F1F1F1; border:1px solid black; padding:3px;} th{background-color:#99CCFF;}</style>'
             + N'<table border="1">' 
             + N'<tr>
                 <th>DatabaseName</th>
                 <th>BlockingSessesionId</th>
                 <th>ProgramName</th>
                 <th>UserName</th>
                 <th>ClientIpAddress</th>
                 <th>WaitType</th>
                 <th>BlockingStartTime</th>
                 <th>WaitDuration</th>
                 <th>BlockedSessionId</th> 
                 <th>BlockedSQLText</th>
                 <th>BlockingSQLText</th>
                </tr>' +
             CAST ( 
                    (SELECT db.name                                  AS TD, ''
                           ,wt.blocking_session_id                   AS TD, ''
                           ,sp.program_name                          AS TD, ''
                           ,COALESCE(sp.LOGINAME, sp.nt_username)    AS TD, ''
                           ,ec1.client_net_address                   AS TD, ''
                           ,wt.wait_type                             AS TD, ''            
                           ,ec1.connect_time                         AS TD, ''
                           ,wt.WAIT_DURATION_MS/1000                 AS TD, ''
                           ,ec1.session_id                           AS TD, ''
                           ,h1.TEXT                                  AS TD, ''
                           ,h2.TEXT                                  AS TD, ''
                    FROM sys.dm_tran_locks AS tl
                    INNER JOIN sys.databases db 
                            ON db.database_id = tl.resource_database_id
                    INNER JOIN sys.dm_os_waiting_tasks AS wt  
                            ON tl.lock_owner_address = wt.resource_address
                    INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_connections ec1 
                            ON ec1.session_id = tl.request_session_id
                    INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_connections ec2 
                            ON ec2.session_id = wt.blocking_session_id
                    LEFT OUTER JOIN master.dbo.sysprocesses sp
                            ON SP.spid = wt.blocking_session_id
                    CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(ec1.most_recent_sql_handle) AS h1
                    CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(ec2.most_recent_sql_handle) AS h2
               FOR XML PATH('tr'), TYPE 
                ) AS NVARCHAR(MAX) ) +
                N'</table>'
                IF @HtmlContent  IS NOT NULL
                BEGIN
                    EXEC msdb.dbo.sp_send_dbmail     
                            @profile_name = @ProfileName    ,     
                            @recipients   = @RecipientsLst    ,     
                            @subject      = @EmailSubject    ,     
                            @body         = @HtmlContent    ,   
                            @body_format  = 'HTML' ; 
                END
        END
END
GO

Finally, create a new job in the database , Call the stored procedure , Then enable the blocking of the job monitoring database for a certain period of time , The frequency of homework execution is a headache that is difficult to decide , The details should be determined according to the system , I'm used to it 2 Once per minute .

Last , There is another problem with this script , If blocked or blocked SQL A statement is a script in a stored procedure , According to the SQL Is the whole stored procedure , Instead of being implemented SQL sentence , At present, there is no good way to solve this problem . I am currently manually checking the congestion , If you have to check the blocked executing in the stored procedure SQL, Generally combined with the following SQL Statement view （ Enter blocked or blocked sessions ID replace @sessionid）

SELECT   [Spid] = er.session_id 
        ,[ecid] 
        ,[Database] = DB_NAME(sp.dbid) 
        ,[Start_Time]
        ,[SessionRunTime]    = datediff(SECOND, start_time,getdate())    
        ,[SqlRunTime]=     RIGHT(convert(varchar, 
                                 dateadd(ms, datediff(ms, sp.last_batch, getdate()), '1900-01-01'), 
                            121), 12)  
        ,[HostName]  
        ,[Users]=COALESCE(sp.LOGINAME, sp.nt_username)
        ,[Status] = er.status 
        ,[WaitType] = er.wait_type 
        ,[Waitime] = er.wait_time/1000   
        ,[Individual Query] = SUBSTRING(qt.text, er.statement_start_offset / 2,
                                       ( CASE WHEN er.statement_end_offset = -1
                                              THEN LEN(CONVERT(NVARCHAR(MAX), qt.text))
                                                   * 2
                                              ELSE er.statement_end_offset
                                         END - er.statement_start_offset ) / 2) 
        ,[Parent Query] = qt.text 
        ,[PROGRAM_NAME] = program_name 
FROM    sys.dm_exec_requests er
        INNER JOIN sys.sysprocesses sp ON er.session_id = sp.spid
        CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(er.sql_handle) AS qt
WHERE   session_Id = @sessionid;

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