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go-micro教程 — 第二章 go-micro v3 使用Gin、Etcd
2022-07-04 15:03:00 【西木Qi】
go-micro教程 — 第二章 go-micro v3 使用Gin、Etcd
前言
注意：本文使用的Go版本为 go1.17.6 使用 1.18.x 版本或其他版本在操作时总是碰到各种问题，比如依赖下载异常。当然也可能是我电脑的问题。
参考文档：go 微服务之go-micro v3+gin
一、启动Etcd集群
在使用Etcd作为注册中心前需要先有Etcd节点或者Etcd集群，Etcd集群的安装配置及启动，详见：Etcd教程 — 第四章 Etcd集群安全配置。
二、创建项目并安装相关依赖
注意：2.3到 2.6 步骤执行完同时会在 ${GOPATH}\bin 下生成exe文件。
2.1 创建项目
本文创建的项目名称为 micro-demo
2.2 初始化项目
go mod init micro-demo
2.3 安装 proto
2.4 安装 protoc-gen-go
go get github.com/golang/protobuf/protoc-gen-go
2.5 安装 protoc-gen-micro
注意：是安装 asim下的而不是micro下的，因为micro下的始终下载不了，这个也是go micro 3.0 框架。
go get github.com/asim/go-micro/cmd/protoc-gen-micro/v3
2.6 安装micro v3 构建工具
- 需要用到Micro 3.0 的micro工具，主要是用于快速构建micro项目，但是不使用这个的配置，用下面2的
go install github.com/micro/micro/[email protected]
- 下载go micro 3.0 库，下面库没有上面micro构建工具
go get github.com/asim/go-micro/v3
2.7 安装gin
go get -u github.com/gin-gonic/gin
三、开发项目
3.1 创建web模块
在 micro-demo下创建web文件夹
3.2 进入web文件夹
创建main.go文件
package main
import (
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
"net/http"
)
const addr = ":8080"
func Index(c *gin.Context) {
c.JSON(http.StatusOK, map[string]interface{}{
"message": "index访问成功",
})
}
func main() {
r := gin.Default()
r.Handle("GET", "/", Index)
if err := r.Run(addr); err != nil {
fmt.Println("err")
}
}
然后执行 go run .或者在Goland中执行main函数，启动web服务。
启动成功后，在浏览器访问 http://127.0.0.1, 得到如下响应：
// 20220704103107
// http://localhost:8080/
{
"message": "index访问成功"
}
3.3 创建services模块
在 micro-demo下执行micro new services命令，创建后端服务模块。
3.4 删除go.mod文件
删除services模块下的go.mod文件，统一使用micro-demo下的go.mod。
3.5 根据proto生成pb文件
3.5.1 修改 services.proto
主要是修改go_package指定生成pb文件的路经，这里是将 ./改为 ../即可。
syntax = "proto3";
package services;
//option go_package = "./proto;services";
//将 ./改为 ../
option go_package = "../proto;services";
service Services {
rpc Call(Request) returns (Response) {}
rpc Stream(StreamingRequest) returns (stream StreamingResponse) {}
rpc PingPong(stream Ping) returns (stream Pong) {}
}
message Message {
string say = 1;
}
message Request {
string name = 1;
}
message Response {
string msg = 1;
}
message StreamingRequest {
int64 count = 1;
}
message StreamingResponse {
int64 count = 1;
}
message Ping {
int64 stroke = 1;
}
message Pong {
int64 stroke = 1;
}
3.5.2 生成pb文件
进入到 micro-demo\services\proto> 。执行生成命令：
protoc --proto_path=. --micro_out=. --go_out=. *.proto
执行完后可以在micro-demo\services\proto>看到生成的services.pb.go和services.pb.micro.go文件。
3.6 修改handler/services.go文件
修改 micro-demo\services\handler>下的 services.go 主要是修改引入的 pb文件位置。
import (
"context"
log "github.com/micro/micro/v3/service/logger"
//services "services/proto"
services "micro-demo/services/proto"
)
3.7 修改services/main.go文件
package main
import (
//修改 1
//"services/handler"
"micro-demo/services/handler"
//pb "services/proto"
pb "micro-demo/services/proto"
//修改 2
//"github.com/micro/micro/v3/service"
//"github.com/micro/micro/v3/service/logger"
service "github.com/asim/go-micro/v3"
"github.com/asim/go-micro/v3/logger"
)
func main() {
// Create service
//修改 3
srv := service.NewService( // service.New
service.Name("services01"),
service.Version("latest"),
)
// Register handler
//修改 4
_ = pb.RegisterServicesHandler(srv.Server(), new(handler.Services))
// Run service
if err := srv.Run(); err != nil {
logger.Fatal(err)
}
}
然后执行 go run .或者在Goland中执行main函数，启动名为services01的服务。
启动成功后，控制台显示内容：
API server listening at: 127.0.0.1:51514
2022-07-04 11:26:04 [email protected]/service.go:206 level=info Starting [service] services01
2022-07-04 11:26:04 file=server/rpc_server.go:820 level=info Transport [http] Listening on [::]:51521
2022-07-04 11:26:04 file=server/rpc_server.go:840 level=info Broker [http] Connected to 127.0.0.1:51522
2022-07-04 11:26:04 file=server/rpc_server.go:654 level=info Registry [mdns] Registering node: services01-ea97f1e6-f4b4-4431-8087-d41e430979ef
3.8 通过web模块调用services模块的服务
3.8.1 创建web/handler/services01Handler.go文件
package handler
import (
"github.com/asim/go-micro/v3"
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
servicepb "micro-demo/services/proto"
"net/http"
)
func Index(c *gin.Context) {
c.JSON(http.StatusOK, map[string]interface{}{
"message": "index",
})
}
func ServiceOne(c *gin.Context) {
service := micro.NewService()
service.Init()
// 创建微服务客户端
client := servicepb.NewServicesService("services01", service.Client())
// 调用服务
rsp, err := client.Call(c, &servicepb.Request{
Name: c.Query("key"),
})
if err != nil {
c.JSON(200, gin.H{"code": 500, "msg": err.Error()})
return
}
c.JSON(200, gin.H{"code": 200, "msg": rsp.Msg})
}
3.8.2 修改web/main.go文件
package main
import (
"fmt"
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
"micro-demo/web/handler"
"net/http"
)
const addr = ":8080"
func Index(c *gin.Context) {
c.JSON(http.StatusOK, map[string]interface{}{
"message": "index访问成功",
})
}
func main() {
r := gin.Default()
r.Handle("GET", "/", Index)
r.Handle("GET", "/service-req", handler.ServiceOne)
if err := r.Run(addr); err != nil {
fmt.Println("err")
}
}
然后执行 go run .或者在Goland中执行main函数，重新启动web服务。
启动结果：
[GIN-debug] GET / --> main.Index (3 handlers)
[GIN-debug] GET /service-req --> micro-demo/web/handler.ServiceOne (3 handlers)
[GIN-debug] [WARNING] You trusted all proxies, this is NOT safe. We recommend you to set a value.
Please check https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/gin-gonic/gin#readme-don-t-trust-all-proxies for details.
[GIN-debug] Listening and serving HTTP on :8080
浏览器访问http://127.0.0.1:8080/service-req?key=哈哈，得到如下响应：
// 20220704113801
// http://127.0.0.1:8080/service-req?key=%E5%93%88%E5%93%88
{
"code": 200,
"msg": "Hello 哈哈"
}
※四、使用consul作为注册中心注册服务
注意：使用consul作为注册中心注册服务这块尚未实践，可能会有问题。
4.1 安装配置consul
首选需要安装配置consul服务，独立安装，或者使用docker安装均可。
启动consul后，使用浏览器访问http://192.168.1.224:8500
4.2 项目加入consul包
go get -u github.com/asim/go-micro/plugins/registry/consul/v3
4.3 修改services/main.go
主要修改或加入的地方 consul 1、consul 2、consul 3
package main
import (
"micro-demo/services/handler"
pb "micro-demo/services/proto"
service "github.com/asim/go-micro/v3"
"github.com/asim/go-micro/v3/logger"
//consul 1
"github.com/asim/go-micro/plugins/registry/consul/v3"
"github.com/asim/go-micro/v3/registry"
)
//consul 2
const (
ServerName = "services01"
ConsulAddr = "192.168.1.224:8500"
)
func main() {
// consul 3
consulReg := consul.NewRegistry(
registry.Addrs(ConsulAddr),
)
srv := service.NewService(
service.Name(ServerName), // 服务名字
service.Registry(consulReg),// 注册中心
)
// Register handler
_ = pb.RegisterServicesHandler(srv.Server(), new(handler.Services))
// Run service
if err := srv.Run(); err != nil {
logger.Fatal(err)
}
}
执行go run .，重新启动services模块的名为services01的服务。
4.4 修改web/handler/services01Handler.go
主要修改或加入的地方 consul 1、consul 2
package handler
import (
"github.com/asim/go-micro/v3"
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
servicepb "micro-demo/services/proto"
"net/http"
//consul 1
"github.com/asim/go-micro/plugins/registry/consul/v3"
"github.com/asim/go-micro/v3/registry
)
func Index(c *gin.Context) {
c.JSON(http.StatusOK, map[string]interface{}{
"message": "index",
})
}
func ServiceOne(c *gin.Context) {
//consul 2
consulReg := consul.NewRegistry(
registry.Addrs("192.168.1.224:8500"),
)
service := micro.NewService(
micro.Registry(consulReg), //设置注册中心
)
service.Init()
// 创建微服务客户端
client := servicepb.NewServicesService("services01", service.Client())
// 调用服务
rsp, err := client.Call(c, &servicepb.Request{
Name: c.Query("key"),
})
if err != nil {
c.JSON(200, gin.H{"code": 500, "msg": err.Error()})
return
}
c.JSON(200, gin.H{"code": 200, "msg": rsp.Msg})
}
执行go run .，重启web。
五、使用etcd作为注册中心
5.1 项目加入etcd包
go get -u "github.com/asim/go-micro/plugins/registry/etcd/v3"
5.2 修改services/main.go
package main
import (
"micro-demo/services/handler"
pb "micro-demo/services/proto"
service "github.com/asim/go-micro/v3"
"github.com/asim/go-micro/v3/logger"
//etcd 1
"github.com/asim/go-micro/plugins/registry/etcd/v3"
"github.com/asim/go-micro/v3/registry"
)
//etcd 2
const (
ServerName = "services01"
EtcdAddr = "192.168.1.221:2379"
)
func main() {
//etcd 3
etcdReg := etcd.NewRegistry(
registry.Addrs(EtcdAddr),
)
srv := service.NewService(
service.Name(ServerName), // 服务名字
service.Registry(etcdReg), // 注册中心
)
// Register handler
_ = pb.RegisterServicesHandler(srv.Server(), new(handler.Services))
// Run service
if err := srv.Run(); err != nil {
logger.Fatal(err)
}
}
5.3 修改web/handler/services01Handler.go
package handler
import (
"github.com/asim/go-micro/v3"
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
servicepb "micro-demo/services/proto"
"net/http"
//etcd 1
"github.com/asim/go-micro/plugins/registry/etcd/v3"
"github.com/asim/go-micro/v3/registry"
)
func Index(c *gin.Context) {
c.JSON(http.StatusOK, map[string]interface{}{
"message": "index",
})
}
func ServiceOne(c *gin.Context) {
// etcd 2
etcdReg := etcd.NewRegistry(
registry.Addrs("192.168.1.221:2379"),
)
service := micro.NewService(
micro.Registry(etcdReg), //设置注册中心
)
service.Init()
// 创建微服务客户端
client := servicepb.NewServicesService("services01", service.Client())
// 调用服务
rsp, err := client.Call(c, &servicepb.Request{
Name: c.Query("key"),
})
if err != nil {
c.JSON(200, gin.H{"code": 500, "msg": err.Error()})
return
}
c.JSON(200, gin.H{"code": 200, "msg": rsp.Msg})
}
执行go run .，重启web，然后再发送 http://127.0.0.1:8080/service-req?key=哈哈，返回结果：
// 20220704132910
// http://127.0.0.1:8080/service-req?key=%E5%93%88%E5%93%88
{
"code": 200,
"msg": "Hello 哈哈"
}
5.4 查看etcd中的服务注册情况
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