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转载:等比数列的求和公式,及其推导过程
2022-07-04 09:35:00 【LaoYuanPython】

本文转自:等比数列的求和公式,及其推导过程
一、等比数列的定义
如果一个数列从第二项起,每一项与它的前一项的比都等于同一个常数,那么这个数列叫做等比数列(geometric progression)。这个常数叫做等比数列的公比(common ratio)。
对于等比数列求和,有如下公式:
记数列{an}为等比数列,公比为q,其前n项和为Sn,则有:
- 公比q=1时,Sn=na1
- 公比q≠1时,Sn=a1(1-qn)/(1-q)=a1-anq。
二、等比数列求和公式推导
当等比数列的公比等于1和公比不等于1的前n项和公式不同,所以,求一个等比数列的前n项时常常需要分“公比为1”和“公比不为1”两种情况分类讨论。
当“公比为1”时,前n项和公式的推导过程如下:
当“公比不为1”时,前n项和公式的推导过程如下:
三、注意事项
因为等比数列求和公式中,公比等于1和公比不等于1的前n项和所适用的求和公式不同,所以求等比数列的前n项和时,往往需要对其公比是否等于1进行分类讨论。
更多人工智能数学基础请参考专栏《人工智能数学基础》。
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