Enhancing steam and engineering education from theory to practice

science 、 The advantage of engineering and technology is no longer to focus on the content of specific knowledge . Contextualization and integration with situational knowledge , Focusing on social expectations and needs “ real ” Pragmatic stance , And emphasize the modeling of complex social structure , It is a mandatory requirement of modern scientific research methods . Generally speaking , modern STEAM And higher engineering education are directly or indirectly affected by this requirement . Besides , It should be emphasized that interdisciplinary development needs to be context oriented STEAM And engineering education methods . Based on research 、 The educational approach to questions and projects should be part of the survey and related situational transitions ; Besides scientific thinking ability 、 Emotional and creative thinking skills , Like cooperation 、 Project work and communication 、 Research methods and research ethics 、 Social construction 、 And appropriate social modeling skills , It should also be applied to teaching and development .

Based on the analysis of STEAM The educational level of , We suggest that we consider the cognitive level , Such as scientific thinking 、 Creative thinking and Computational Thinking . One of the most famous and developed is scientific thinking . It allows scientific research to be carried out within the framework of a specific scientific discipline and its inherent scientific content . The most important thing is to understand and understand the basis and theme of the discipline , Have the skills to conduct experiments and process data , Understand the subject method , Learn to draw logical conclusions , And make a conclusion . meanwhile , In order to understand and connect with the social and background environment , It is necessary to develop background oriented creative thinking . This involves using background models when exploring problem areas or engaging students in learning projects . These projects can include research on ecology 、 The theme and background of sustainable development and other aspects related to environmental issues . in summary , Except yes CT Beyond the traditional view of ,CT It can also be seen as a comprehensive skill , Combine innovative thinking with scientific thinking , Form a unified way of education . meanwhile ,CT Promoted a scientific revolution . Scientists in all fields have found that ,CT Different from classical theories and experimental methods , It is a new scientific method .

Our understanding is based on the following argument . In addition to laboratory experiments, modern scientific research , It also includes the development and Implementation Based on computer simulation and simulation . therefore , This is also an important aspect of modern science education and engineering education . It should be pointed out that , In addition to research and scientific 、 Engineering and technical modeling , The use of these models and simulations also includes modeling and social ( background ) aspect . therefore , Except for the traditional CT Skill , Such as decomposition and induction 、 automation 、 Algorithm 、 Calculation and design capability , We should also develop advanced CT Skill , Such as problem analysis 、 communicate 、 Cooperation and teamwork . From a holistic and interdisciplinary perspective , Educational methods can be built on the above CT and STEAM On the comprehensive understanding of . Besides , We believe that this integration is carried out in a pragmatic way , in other words , We should consider making CT and STEM An integrated approach 、 Technology and tools , In order to smoothly transition from children's primary activities to model-based and computer-based simulation activities of high school students . This shift will be based on CT Engineering education and S

TEAM Education provides a comprehensive and holistic perspective . meanwhile , We emphasize the improvement and development of new for teacher education and professional training CT and STEAM The course is very important .

in summary , Our educational methods mainly include the following aspects :(1)STEAM To be understood as STEM The change of “ senior ” edition , Including a comprehensive perspective of engineering education and engineering discipline , From the beginning in school ( The kindergarten ) Engineering oriented education in , To develop a discipline oriented approach in universities , As well as providing knowledge and skills for projects in a specific context and problem-based educational methods . under these circumstances ,CT Be regarded as STEAM An integral part of ;( A multidimensional model to promote curriculum design and development : Situational dimension ( Community 、 social 、 communicate 、 Start a business 、 management 、 diversity 、 Morality and culture ); Personal dimension ( Children's personality development )、 Skill dimension ( Situational thinking skills ,CT, Innovation and scientific thinking skills );(3) The contents and teaching methods of each course should be systematic 、 A comprehensive introduction to CT and STEAM;(4) CT Positioned as a comprehensive skill set , It links science and specific content knowledge with situational thinking skills , And add situational modeling skills ( Model development and modeling , Including social networking system modeling );(5) This educational theory is based on the following considerations : The post scientific tendency to integrate scientific and engineering knowledge with social and human knowledge , Put forward a question about CT、STEM And the holistic and systematic view of engineering education . We believe that , It is the needs and expectations of society , Research for relevant students 、 Problem solving and educational programs , Organize appropriate STEM education , Provides the necessary background . This approach combines an educational process based on learning and technical skills with advanced CT The development of skills , This includes skills related to cognitive modeling of the context , And related social communication and teamwork skills . meanwhile , One of the most important aspects of personal development is CT As a comprehensive skill of vertical development , The ability to connect scientific and specific background knowledge with contextual thinking , Add specific background modeling skills , Such as the development of appropriate models and simulation network environment .

It contains and CT、STEM Articles related to the subject of engineering education . Start with three review articles based on systematic reviews , stay STEAM The introduction to education gives CT A structured overview of the concept in terms of practical education methods .

Enhance programming and Robotics Education . without doubt ,STEAM And early education in engineering is very important . It lays the foundation for later education and career . It can help students understand concepts and form personal attitudes , May be positive , Even critical , And provide motivation and direction for students' participation . A classic method , Is the use of computing and programming methods to teach CT, And with CT Methods and methodology to strengthen programming teaching . The first three manuscripts of this special issue CT、 The basic level of programming and robot teaching is introduced systematically . Three foreign scholars have explored the introduction in their systematic reviews CT Practical methods of education , Introduction to programming provides the foundation for the development of digital culture , And encourage students to find employment in the computer field , It also encourages them to explore science and Engineering . contrary , Improper education or teaching methods will bury students' learning enthusiasm and expectations , Even if they are enthusiastic and interested in the early stages of programming . Combined with the programming paradigm 、 Implementation strategy 、 Teaching methods and techniques , In the form of a detailed framework , It provides a set of coherent teaching methods for teaching introductory programming .

in summary , The present educational science is essentially an evolving organism , Can provide new methods and solutions , Such as challenge based learning , It is thought to be CT And computer knowledge teaching . meanwhile , The use of modern educational environments and tools not only supports the introduction of content , And provide inspiration and motivation , So as to guide students to have a deeper understanding and produce better learning results . Of course , Some people may think that these abstract strategies are not so important , Especially in the field of engineering oriented education , Professional knowledge and skills are the most noteworthy . Give and STEAM Education related mechatronics 、 An in-depth overview of robotics and physical computing . It is worth emphasizing that , This approach consists of an environment that focuses on collaboration and educational challenges , As mentioned earlier , It provides a basis for appropriate Scaffolding Teaching and the development of related skills .