PXE installation "recommended collection"

Hello everyone , I meet you again , I'm your friend, Quan Jun .

Installation environment ：

One installed Linux The host of the system acts as PXE Server, In this paper PXE Server The system used is CentOS 7;

Several sets to be installed CentOS7 As PXE Client;

PXE Server With all the PXEClient In the same LAN ;

All hosts support PXE Start the installation mode .

PXEServer Installation and configuration process ：

\1. To configure DHCP service

\2. To configure TFTP service

\3. To configure http Do document storage and modification ks.cfg file

\4. Relevant system boot file storage

\5. To configure default System boot file

\6. Check PXEServer And start PXE Client

PXEServer Specific steps of installation and configuration ：

1. To configure DHCP service

install DHCP

# yum install -y dhcp

At present PXE Server Of IP The address is 192.168.0.125,DHCP、TFTP And http Are deployed on this host , To configure dhcp The configuration file **/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf** as follows

############################

ddns-update-style interim; ignore client-updates; allow booting; allow bootp;

class “pxeclients”{ match if substring(option vendor-class-identifier,0,9)=“PXEClient”; filename “pxelinux.0”; next-server 192.168.0.125; }

subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0{ default-lease-time 216000; max-lease-time 432000; option time-offset -18000; range dynamic-bootp 192.168.0.210 192.168.0.240; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; option routers 192.168.0.1; }

############################

Start and configure startup dhcpd service

# systemctl start dhcpd

# systemctl enable dhcpd

2. To configure TFTP service

install tftp Of server and client package

# yum install -y tftp*

install xinetd Daemon , because tftp Depend on xinetd

# yum install -y xinetd

modify tftp The configuration file /etc/xinetd.d/tftp, take disable= yes Change it to disable=no

Turn off and configure the system firewall to turn off automatically after startup ( important ！ Otherwise, it will lead to PXE Client cannot access TFPT service )

# systemctl stop firewalld

# systemctl disable firewalld

Start and configure automatic startup xinetd process

# systemctl start xinetd

# systemctl enable xinetd

# systemctl start tftp

3. To configure http Do document storage and modification ks.cfg file

install httpd service

# yum install –y httpd

Start and configure startup httpd service

# systemctl start httpd

# systemctl enable httpd

Put the system disk to be installed , And directly use the CD package As an installation warehouse

# mkdir /var/www/html/centos7

# mount /dev/cdrom /var/www/html/centos7/

Put ks File copy to /var/www/html/ Under the path

# cp /root/anaconda-ks.cfg /var/www/html/ks.cfg

modify ks.cfg The configuration file /var/www/html/ks.cfg

ks.cfg The function of is to specify the required installation options in advance （ Including the system image path , Installation of components , System language , The network configuration , User and password ）,

When formally installed PXE Client The installation will be automatically configured according to this file , Thus, a large number of repeated operations during large-scale deployment are avoided .

The main modification is that

# Use CDROM installation media

cdrom

It is amended as follows

# Use network installation

url –url=”http://192.168.0.125/centos7″

To specify PXE Client Where to get the image file ,ks.cfg The document is amended as follows :

#version=DEVEL

# System authorization information

auth –enableshadow –passalgo=sha512

# Use network installation

url –url=“http://192.168.0.125/centos7”

# Use graphical install

graphical

# Run the Setup Agent on first boot

firstboot –enable

# Keyboard layouts

keyboard –vckeymap=cn –xlayouts=‘cn’

# System language

lang zh_CN.UTF-8

# Network information

network –bootproto=dhcp–device=eno16777736 –ipv6=auto –activate

network –hostname=localhost.localdomain

# Root password

rootpw –iscrypted 6 6 6qUeqvWWOr921mWBY$h5wjwdcnIOC/FS6rCaZblKNGELwN9jrGwJZuwlrNi9OHzI.n1lxaKKrkwdN7nadXP5f2mFRDrW9D9gYStXGZu/

# System timezone

timezone Asia/Shanghai –isUtc

user –groups=wheel –name=pxetest–password= 6 6 6.hgpJdCAhSMaf7yB$5GKYIAgTkLxfS1JHK5KSpN96LXhkKGFX3FbnQl0hTME3wbF1njxyezmPF/HXAtI9Bp8U6MsF3hRXlFvFfn9Nm/–iscrypted –gecos=“pxetest”

# System bootloader configuration

bootloader –append=” crashkernel=auto”–location=mbr –boot-drive=sda

autopart –type=lvm

# Partition clearing information

clearpart –none –initlabel

%packages

@^infrastructure-server-environment

@base

@compat-libraries

@core

@debugging

@development

@dns-server

@file-server

@ftp-server

@security-tools

@smart-card

kexec-tools

%end

%addon com_redhat_kdump –enable–reserve-mb=‘auto’

%end

4. Relevant system boot file storage

install syslinux, It is a powerful boot loader , And compatible with a variety of media .

# yum install -y syslinux

pxelinux.0 File name and dhcp Consistency in the configuration file

# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/

copy In the CD directory vmlinuz and initrd.img, These two files are equivalent to when the system starts /boot Boot file in directory , This is used to guide anacoda Not the root

# cp /mnt/cdrom/images/pxeboot/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/

copy pxe Configuration files required for boot ,splash.png: Background map .boot.msg Launch slogan ,vesamenu.c32: Program for displaying peer interface .

# cp /mnt/cdrom/isolinux/{boot.msg,vesamenu.c32,splash.png} /var/lib/tftpboot/

pxe Display profile information at startup , Similar to CD-ROM startup .

# mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg

# cp /mnt/cdrom/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

5. To configure default System boot file

stay default The configuration file /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default Find the following label in

label linux

menu label^Install CentOS 7

kernel vmlinuz

menu default

append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=http://192.168.0.125/centos7 inst.ks=http://192.168.0.125/ks.cfg quiet

Pay attention to the red mark , Its purpose is to tell PXEClient Where can I find the image file and ks.cfg The configuration file .

6. Check PXE Server And start PXE Client

# service dhcpd status

# service tftp status

# service httpd status

The result of the above three should be active(running)

# service firewalld status

The result should be inactive(dead)

Check whether the system disk to be installed is attached to the specified directory （/var/www/html/centos7/）

If the above states are normal , You can start PXEClient, And set the startup mode to network card startup .

common problem ：

1、 PXE Server After every startup IP The addresses are different ？

answer ： It should be said that PXE Server Set to static IP, Otherwise, every restart needs to be based on the new IP Modify the configuration file

2、 PXE Server After restart Client End display cannot be connected TFTP The server ？

answer ：PXE Server It needs to be reopened after each restart tftp service

#service tftp start

3、 PXE Server After restart Client The end display cannot access the specified file ？

answer ：PXE Server You need to restart after each restart mount CD to the specified path

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