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Tcp/ip protocol
2022-07-06 08:37:00 【Learning programming a】
TCP/IP—— High concurrent load balancing colony
OSI
open system interconnect Open system interconnection model , This model divides the network communication work into seven layers , The physical layer 、 Data link layer 、 The network layer 、 The session layer 、 The presentation layer 、 application layer ( Theoretical reference ).OSI 7 Layer reference model ( Reference resources 、 Unrealized )
(1) Why layering ? The interface between layers is stable , Expose interfaces , Direct interface adjustment , Internal methods 、 Logic is replaceable ; Can understand Europe , If there is no stratification, the European quota is higher , It costs a lot to change everything .TCP/IP agreement ( Defined Logic 、 Parameters 、 Implementation method )
(2) Introduce : There are two types of regional programs in computers ——Linux kernel kernel( Version maintenance )+ The system runs in the background demo Programs are user space application Program .
(3) difference : Why are some layers placed in the kernel , Such as qq、 WeChat 、 When the game transmits communication data, many codes do not need to be developed repeatedly , The use of common resources is designed by kernel developers , There are rules, resource management and the process of establishing connections in the kernel . Other different procedures , Send a representation of data 、 reliability 、 Whether the security is encrypted Develop in the personalization of the program , The application layer . So there are two levels of classification .
(4)nc: Establishing a connection ——net connect,nc After sending the agreement in a human way , Both parties can transmit data through connection , You can correctly request the data back , The request function ends .
(5) There are agreements at every level : The application layer contains http agreement 、fdp Agreements, etc .
(6) Transport control layer :tcp—— oriented Connect Of , Reliable transmission ( Commonly used )、udp agreement .TCP The stage of :
Establish a connection with three handshakes , Then data transmission , The last four breakups .
(1) Achieve three handshakes : Network communication I/O Communication is two-way , When there is an output, there is an input , After three times, the client and server know that their input and output are connected .
ack:acknowledge Indicates that a packet has been received , got it ;
Connect : Open up resources in the memory of both sides , Switch state , The process of connection is the process of instantaneous packet interaction ;
IO Model —— file system io、 The Internet io
IO Model essentially : Kernel exposed to program api Derived from socket packing
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