Basic concepts of Nacos and single machine deployment

Basic concepts

stay Spring Cloud Alibaba In the ecological , from Nacos Middleware undertakes the responsibilities of registration center and configuration center at the same time , Independent deployment required . Official address: ：https://nacos.io/zh-cn/index.html It's an Alibaba open source project , The official definition is ： A dynamic service discovery that is easier to build cloud native applications 、 Configuration management and service management platform .

function

Dynamic configuration services

Dynamic configuration services allow you to centralize 、 Managing the configuration of all environments in an externalized and dynamic way . Dynamic configuration eliminates the need to redeploy applications and services when configuration changes . Centralized configuration management makes it easier to implement stateless services , It also makes it easier to expand services on demand .

Service discovery and management

Dynamic service discovery for service centric （ For example, microservices and cloud native ） Application architecture is critical .Nacos Support DNS-Based and RPC-Based（Dubbo、gRPC） Pattern service discovery .Nacos It also provides real-time health checks , To prevent requests from being sent to unhealthy hosts or service instances . With the help of Nacos, You can more easily implement circuit breakers for your services .

dynamic DNS service

By supporting weight routing , dynamic DNS Services make it easy for you to achieve load balancing in the middle layer 、 More flexible routing strategy 、 Flow control and simple data center Intranet DNS Resolution service . dynamic DNS Services also make it easier for you to implement DNS Protocol based service discovery , To eliminate coupling to vendor private service discovery API Risk on .
See more features and function descriptions Official documents .

Single deployment

nacos rely on java Environmental Science , Installation is required first jdk And configure the environment variables

• install jdk

yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 # Verify after successful installation Java edition  java -version 

• Configure environment variables

OpenJDK Default installed in /usr/lib/jvm/ Under the path , Then edit profile Set up JAVA_HOME environment variable .

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/profile export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.272.b10-1.el7_9.x86_64 export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH [[email protected] ~]# source /etc/profile 

confirm JAVA_HOME Whether the environment variables are configured correctly .

[[email protected] ~]# echo $JAVA_HOME /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.272.b10-1.el7_9.x86_64 

JDK After installation , Formally enter the Nacos Installation process .

window install

1. Download the corresponding version of nacos, And initialize the database ：https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases

2. modify application.properties The configuration file

### Default web context path:server.servlet.contextPath=/nacos### Default web server port:server.port=8848### If use MySQL as datasource:spring.datasource.platform=mysql### Count of DB:db.num=1### Connect URL of DB:db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/nacos_config?characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTCdb.user=rootdb.password=root

3. Get into bin Directory start nacos

# Single node startup startup.cmd -m standalone

visit ：http://localhost:8848/nacos/#/login Account and password ：nacos/nacos

linux install

1. Download the corresponding version of the compressed package file and upload it to the corresponding server ：https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases
2. Unzip the corresponding zip file

tar -zxvf nacos-server-2.0.2.tar.gz

After decompressing nacos Directory structure description ：

• bin： Save enable / close Nacos Server Script ;
• conf：Nacos Server The configuration directory ;
• data：Nacos Data directory ;
• logs： Store log directory ;
• target：Nacos Jar Package storage directory ;

3. Get into bin Catalog , Start in single node mode Nacos

sh startup.sh -m standalone

The startup log is as follows ：

nacos is starting with standalone nacos is starting, you can check the /data/software/nacos/logs/start.out 

see nacos start log
You can see it nacos The default port number is 8848

tail -300f /data/software/nacos/logs/start.out2021-11-06 21:03:18,759 INFO Tomcat started on port(s): 8848 (http) with context path '/nacos' 2021-11-06 21:03:18,766 INFO Nacos Log files: /data/software/nacos/logs 2021-11-06 21:03:18,766 INFO Nacos Log files: /data/software/nacos/conf 2021-11-06 21:03:18,766 INFO Nacos Log files: /data/software/nacos/data 2021-11-06 21:03:18,767 INFO Nacos started successfully in stand alone mode. use embedded storage

If centos System firewall （firewall-cmd --state View firewall status ） Is open , Need to be open 8848 and 7848 port （8848 The port is Nacos The port that serves the client ,7848 yes Nacos Cluster communication port , be used for Nacos Elections are held among clusters , Detection, etc. .）

# Open ports 8848[[email protected] bin]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8848/tcp --permanent # Open ports 7848[[email protected] bin]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=7848/tcp --permanent # Refresh firewall [[email protected] bin]# firewall-cmd --reload 

4. Get into Nacos Management interface , Open the browser , Address field input ：

http://ip:8848/nacos
Enter the account and password ：nacos/nacos Enter the management page

docker install

1. Pull the mirror image ：docker pull nacos/nacos-server:2.0.2
2. Download the corresponding version of SQL File and initialize ：https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases
3. Build the container and start the service

docker run -d --privileged=true \-e TZ="Asia/Shanghai" \-e MODE=standalone \-p 8848:8848 \--name nacos-zjq-mysql \--restart=always \nacos/nacos-server:2.0.2

4. Check the log

docker logs -f -t --tail 300 nacos-zjq-mysql

5. Into the container

docker exec -it nacos-zjq-mysql bash

6. Modify the configuration file and set the data source to MySQL

cd /home/nacos/confvim application.properties# springserver.servlet.contextPath=${SERVER_SERVLET_CONTEXTPATH:/nacos}server.contextPath=/nacosserver.port=${NACOS_APPLICATION_PORT:8848}spring.datasource.platform=${SPRING_DATASOURCE_PLATFORM:mysql}nacos.cmdb.dumpTaskInterval=3600nacos.cmdb.eventTaskInterval=10nacos.cmdb.labelTaskInterval=300nacos.cmdb.loadDataAtStart=falsedb.num=${MYSQL_DATABASE_NUM:1}db.url.0=jdbc:mysql://${MYSQL_SERVICE_HOST:127.0.0.1}:${MYSQL_SERVICE_PORT:3306}/${MYSQL_SERVICE_DB_NAME:nacos_config}?${MYSQL_SERVICE_DB_PARAM:characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true}db.url.1=jdbc:mysql://${MYSQL_SERVICE_HOST}:${MYSQL_SERVICE_PORT:3306}/${MYSQL_SERVICE_DB_NAME}?${MYSQL_SERVICE_DB_PARAM:characterEncoding=utf8&connectTimeout=1000&socketTimeout=3000&autoReconnect=true}db.user=${MYSQL_SERVICE_USER:root}db.password=${MYSQL_SERVICE_PASSWORD:root}### The auth system to use, currently only 'nacos' is supported:nacos.core.auth.system.type=${NACOS_AUTH_SYSTEM_TYPE:nacos}

7. Copy the configuration file in the container to the host , Avoid modifying the configuration file when the container is rebuilt

docker cp Container name : Container file （ Absolute path ） Host directory

docker cp nacos-sa-mysql:/home/nacos/conf/application.properties /data/docker/nacos/nacos-soms/conf

8. Restart the container and mount the directory

# Stop container docker stop nacos-zjq-mysql# Delete container docker rm nacos-zjq-mysql# Start the container docker run -d --privileged=true \-e TZ="Asia/Shanghai" \-e MODE=standalone \-v /data/docker/nacos/nacos-zjq/conf/application.properties:/home/nacos/conf/application.properties \-p 8848:8848 \--name nacos-zjq-mysql \--restart=always \nacos/nacos-server:2.0.2

• nacos Specify the database configuration directly when the image is started

docker run -d \-v /data/nacos/logs:/home/nacos/logs \-e TZ="Asia/Shanghai" \-e PREFER_HOST_MODE=ip \-e MODE=standalone \-e SPRING_DATASOURCE_PLATFORM=mysql \-e MYSQL_SERVICE_HOST= database IP Address  \-e MYSQL_SERVICE_PORT= Database port  \-e MYSQL_SERVICE_USER= Database accounts  \-e MYSQL_SERVICE_PASSWORD= Database password  \-e MYSQL_SERVICE_DB_NAME=nacos_config \-e MYSQL_SERVICE_DB_PARAM= \-e NACOS_APPLICATION_PORT=8848 \-p 8848:8848 \--name nacos-zjq-mysql \--restart=always \nacos/nacos-server:2.0.2

Production advice nacos The registry service deploys multiple nodes , Forming clusters , Improve availability , Prevent the service from being unavailable when the stand-alone node goes down .