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Dockler的基础用法

2022-07-28 17:28:00 【阿木690】

文章目录

一、什么是docker

docker中的容器：

  • lxc --> libcontainer --> runC

img

二、OCI&OCF

OCI

开放容器计划

  • 由Linux基金会主导于2015年6月创立
  • 旨在围绕容器格式和运行时制定一个开放的工业化标准
  • 包含两个规格
    • 运行时规范（运行时规范）
    • 图像规格（图像规格）

OCF

开放容器格式

runC 是一个 CLI 工具，用于根据 OCI 规范生成和运行容器

  • 容器作为 runC 的子进程启动，可以嵌入到各种其他系统中，而无需运行守护程序
  • runC 建立在 libcontainer 之上，libcontainer 是支持数百万个 Docker 引擎安装的相同容器技术

docker提供了一个专门容纳容器镜像的站点：https://hub.docker.com

三、docker架构

img

四、docker镜像与镜像仓库

为什么镜像仓库名字是Registry而不是repository？在docker中仓库的名字是以应用的名称取名的。

img

镜像是静态的，而容器是动态的，容器有其生命周期，镜像与容器的关系类似于程序与进程的关系。镜像类似于文件系统中的程序文件，而容器则类似于将一个程序运行起来的状态，也即进程。所以容器是可以删除的，容器被删除后其镜像是不会被删除的。

五、docker对象

使用 Docker 时，您正在创建和使用映像、容器、网络、卷、插件和其他对象。

镜像

  • 镜像是只读模板，其中包含创建docker容器的说明。
  • 通常，一个镜像基于另一个镜像，并进行一些额外的自定义。
  • 您可以创建自己的镜像，也可以只使用其他人创建并在注册表中发布的镜像。

容器

  • conntainer是映像的可运行实例。
  • 您可以使用docker API或CLI创建、运行、停止、移动或删除容器。
  • 您可以将容器连接到一个或多个网络，将存储连接到容器，甚至可以基于其当前状态创建新映像。

六、安装及使用docker

docker安装

[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# curl -o docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# sed -i '[email protected]://[email protected]://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/[email protected]' docker-ce.repo

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum -y install docker-ce

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
28 files removed

// 启动服务
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable --now docker
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
[[email protected] ~]# ls /etc/docker/
key.json

docker加速

docker-ce的配置文件是/etc/docker/daemon.json，此文件默认不存在，需要我们手动创建并进行配置，而docker的加速就是通过配置此文件来实现的。

docker的加速有多种方式：

  • docker cn
  • 中国科技大学加速器
  • 阿里云加速器（需要通过阿里云开发者平台注册帐号，免费使用个人私有的加速器）

加速器服务网址

在这里插入图片描述

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable --now docker //启动docker服务
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.

// 添加加速器
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF { "registry-mirrors": ["https://kgdsiwq8.mirror.aliyuncs.com"] } EOF

// 重启
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl dameon-reload docker
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart docker

docker常用操作

命令功能
docker searchSearch the Docker Hub for images
docker pullPull an image or a repository from a registry
docker imagesList images
docker createCreate a new conntainer
docker startStart one or more stopped containers
docker runRun a command in a new container
docker attachAttach to a runninng container
docker psList containers
docker logsFetch the logs of a container
docker restartRestart a container
docker stopStop one or more running containers
docker killKill one or more running containers
docker rmRemove onne or more containers
docker execRun a command in a running container
docker infoDisplay system-wide information
docker inspectReturn low-level information on Docker objects

docker version：查看版本

[[email protected] ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.11
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.16.9
 Git commit:        dea9396
 Built:             Thu Nov 18 00:36:58 2021
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.11
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.16.9
  Git commit:       847da18
  Built:            Thu Nov 18 00:35:20 2021
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.4.12
  GitCommit:        7b11cfaabd73bb80907dd23182b9347b4245eb5d
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.2
  GitCommit:        v1.0.2-0-g52b36a2
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

docker info：查看系统信息

[[email protected] ~]# docker info
Client:
 Context:    default
 Debug Mode: false
 Plugins:
  app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
  buildx: Build with BuildKit (Docker Inc., v0.6.3-docker)
  scan: Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.9.0)

Server:
 Containers: 0
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 0
 Images: 1
 Server Version: 20.10.11
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: xfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
  userxattr: false
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Cgroup Version: 1
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: io.containerd.runc.v2 io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 7b11cfaabd73bb80907dd23182b9347b4245eb5d
 runc version: v1.0.2-0-g52b36a2
 init version: de40ad0
 Security Options:
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 4.18.0-257.el8.x86_64
 Operating System: CentOS Stream 8
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 8
 Total Memory: 3.622GiB
 Name: localhost.localdomain
 ID: FT3B:RKJB:SBUC:OAL7:NW2C:QBTY:6VIW:PWHU:CWBD:PQPU:D424:BZJU
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Live Restore Enabled: false

docker pull：拉取镜像

[[email protected] ~]# docker pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
eff15d958d66: Pull complete 
1e5351450a59: Pull complete 
2df63e6ce2be: Pull complete 
9171c7ae368c: Pull complete 
020f975acd28: Pull complete 
266f639b35ad: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:097c3a0913d7e3a5b01b6c685a60c03632fc7a2b50bc8e35bcaa3691d788226e
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest

docker images：列出系统当前所有镜像

[[email protected] ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
nginx        latest    ea335eea17ab   13 days ago   141MB

docker search：在docker hub中查找镜像

[[email protected] ~]# docker search nginx
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
nginx                             Official build of Nginx.                        15893     [OK]       
jwilder/nginx-proxy               Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker con…   2098                 [OK]
richarvey/nginx-php-fpm           Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable of…   819                  [OK]
jc21/nginx-proxy-manager          Docker container for managing Nginx proxy ho…   285                  
linuxserver/nginx                 An Nginx container, brought to you by LinuxS…   160                  
tiangolo/nginx-rtmp               Docker image with Nginx using the nginx-rtmp…   146                  [OK]
jlesage/nginx-proxy-manager       Docker container for Nginx Proxy Manager        144                  [OK]
alfg/nginx-rtmp                   NGINX, nginx-rtmp-module and FFmpeg from sou…   110                  [OK]
jasonrivers/nginx-rtmp            Docker images to host RTMP streams using NGI…   95                   [OK]
nginxdemos/hello                  NGINX webserver that serves a simple page co…   79                   [OK]
privatebin/nginx-fpm-alpine       PrivateBin running on an Nginx, php-fpm & Al…   60                   [OK]
nginx/nginx-ingress               NGINX and  NGINX Plus Ingress Controllers fo…   57                   
nginxinc/nginx-unprivileged       Unprivileged NGINX Dockerfiles                  54                   
nginxproxy/nginx-proxy            Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker con…   28                   
staticfloat/nginx-certbot         Opinionated setup for automatic TLS certs lo…   25                   [OK]
nginx/nginx-prometheus-exporter   NGINX Prometheus Exporter for NGINX and NGIN…   22                   
schmunk42/nginx-redirect          A very simple container to redirect HTTP tra…   19                   [OK]
centos/nginx-112-centos7          Platform for running nginx 1.12 or building …   16                   
centos/nginx-18-centos7           Platform for running nginx 1.8 or building n…   13                   
bitwarden/nginx                   The Bitwarden nginx web server acting as a r…   11                   
mailu/nginx                       Mailu nginx frontend                            9                    [OK]
sophos/nginx-vts-exporter         Simple server that scrapes Nginx vts stats a…   7                    [OK]
ansibleplaybookbundle/nginx-apb   An APB to deploy NGINX                          3                    [OK]
wodby/nginx                       Generic nginx                                   1                    [OK]
arnau/nginx-gate                  Docker image with Nginx with Lua enabled on …   1                    [OK]

docker image history：查看指定镜像的历史记录

[[email protected] ~]# docker image history nginx
IMAGE          CREATED       CREATED BY                                      SIZE      COMMENT
ea335eea17ab   13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["nginx" "-g" "daemon… 0B 
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) STOPSIGNAL SIGQUIT 0B 
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) EXPOSE 80 0B 
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENTRYPOINT ["/docker-entr… 0B 
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:09a214a3e07c919a… 4.61kB 
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:0fd5fca330dcd6a7… 1.04kB 
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:0b866ff3fc1ef5b0… 1.96kB 
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) COPY file:65504f71f5855ca0… 1.2kB 
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c set -x     && addgroup --system -…   61.1MB    
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV PKG_RELEASE=1~bullseye 0B 
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV NJS_VERSION=0.7.0 0B 
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV NGINX_VERSION=1.21.4 0B 
<missing>      13 days ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) LABEL maintainer=NGINX Do… 0B 
<missing>      2 weeks ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["bash"] 0B 
<missing>      2 weeks ago   /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:a2405ebb9892d98be… 80.4MB

docker image inspect：查看指定镜像的详细信息

[[email protected] ~]# docker inspect nginx
[
    {
    
        "Id": "sha256:ea335eea17ab984571cd4a3bcf90a0413773b559c75ef4cda07d0ce952b00291",
        "RepoTags": [
            "nginx:latest"
        ],
        "RepoDigests": [
            "[email protected]:097c3a0913d7e3a5b01b6c685a60c03632fc7a2b50bc8e35bcaa3691d788226e"
        ],
        "Parent": "",
        "Comment": "",
        "Created": "2021-11-17T10:38:14.652464384Z",
        "Container": "8a038ff17987cf87d4b7d7e2c80cb83bd2474d66e2dd0719e2b4f7de2ad6d853",
        "ContainerConfig": {
    
            "Hostname": "8a038ff17987",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "ExposedPorts": {
    
                "80/tcp": {
    }
            },
            "Tty": false,
            "OpenStdin": false,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
                "NGINX_VERSION=1.21.4",
                "NJS_VERSION=0.7.0",
                "PKG_RELEASE=1~bullseye"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/sh",
                "-c",
                "#(nop) ",
                "CMD [\"nginx\" \"-g\" \"daemon off;\"]"
            ],
            "Image": "sha256:2fb4060b053a39040c51ff7eadd30325de2c76650fc50aa42839070e16e8bdcb",
.....此处省略

docker create：创建容器（但是容器不会启动）

[[email protected] ~]# docker create httpd
Unable to find image 'httpd:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/httpd
eff15d958d66: Already exists 
ba1caf8ba86c: Pull complete 
ab86dc02235d: Pull complete 
0d58b11d2867: Pull complete 
e88da7cb925c: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:1d71eef54c08435c0be99877c408637f03112dc9f929fba3cccdd15896099b02
Status: Downloaded newer image for httpd:latest
8877c16c9c19353c6eb74a93827ed9914fbeb503067d6cc7f1f1e68e4f3ce203

docker rm：删除镜像

[[email protected] ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
httpd        latest    ad17c88403e2   12 days ago   143MB
nginx        latest    ea335eea17ab   13 days ago   141MB

[[email protected] ~]# docker rmi ad17c88403e2
Untagged: httpd:latest
Untagged: [email protected]:1d71eef54c08435c0be99877c408637f03112dc9f929fba3cccdd15896099b02
Deleted: sha256:ad17c88403e2cedd27963b98be7f04bd3f903dfa7490586de397d0404424936d
Deleted: sha256:a59e7dfeeb485a8a45b1fcce812b10fbd955d304fa2e9ca43b10b16a8ee1afb8
Deleted: sha256:9592080464aa1890ed187c42a13ecc9f175e975a96a3fad28df0559ad0c08b9d
Deleted: sha256:42d2debfa0c419f7f89affa3e9b62d1b7e54dc6654dbd186d4654ee3661c44c8
Deleted: sha256:136822c50a75392f4ce06461fa4894aa7d1e060ec0dd4782e13e2d9829df50a3
[[email protected] ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
nginx        latest    ea335eea17ab   13 days ago   141MB

docker ps：列出容器

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps // 查看所有运行的容器
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps -a // 查看所有容器（运行和非运行的）
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND              CREATED          STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
8877c16c9c19   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   21 seconds ago   Created             infallible_nobel

docker start：启动容器

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND              CREATED              STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
8877c16c9c19   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   About a minute ago   Created             infallible_nobel

[[email protected] ~]# docker start 8877c16c9c19
8877c16c9c19

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND              CREATED              STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
8877c16c9c19   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   About a minute ago   Up 4 seconds   80/tcp    infallible_nobel

docker attach：进入容器

在当前shell下attach连接指定运行镜像，以这种方式进入容器，容器会一直占用前台。如果退出容器，容器就会停止运行

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND              CREATED         STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
8877c16c9c19   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   2 minutes ago   Up 56 seconds   80/tcp    infallible_nobel

[[email protected] ~]# docker attach 8877c16c9c19

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

docker exec：进入容器

这个命令进入容器后台运行就算是退出了容器，容器也不会停止运行

// 启动容器
[[email protected] ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND              CREATED         STATUS                          PORTS     NAMES
8877c16c9c19   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   4 minutes ago   Exited (0) About a minute ago             infallible_nobel

[[email protected] ~]# docker start 8877c16c9c19
8877c16c9c19

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND              CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
8877c16c9c19   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   4 minutes ago   Up 3 seconds   80/tcp    infallible_nobel

// 进入容器
[[email protected] ~]# docker exec -it 8877c16c9c19 /bin/bash
[email protected]:/usr/local/apache2# ls
bin    cgi-bin  error   icons    logs
build  conf     htdocs  include  modules
[email protected]:/usr/local/apache2# exit
exit

// 查看容器启动情况
[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND              CREATED         STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
8877c16c9c19   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   5 minutes ago   Up 46 seconds   80/tcp    infallible_nobel

docker inspect：查看容器的详细信息

[[email protected] ~]# docker inspect 8877c16c9c19
[
    {
    
        "Id": "8877c16c9c19353c6eb74a93827ed9914fbeb503067d6cc7f1f1e68e4f3ce203",
        "Created": "2021-12-01T10:06:47.836823243Z",
        "Path": "httpd-foreground",
        "Args": [],
        "State": {
    
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 50995,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2021-12-01T10:11:23.288419586Z",
            "FinishedAt": "2021-12-01T10:10:05.442221306Z"
        },
        "Image": 
......后面省略

docker logs：查看容器日志信息

// 创建容器
[[email protected] ~]# docker create nginx
baac0f280b0a2581ad5c3be233841f0d985d37ca3ecb7c3be5008bca941c9979

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
baac0f280b0a   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   5 seconds ago   Created                  sleepy_mccarthy
8877c16c9c19   httpd     "httpd-foreground"       9 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes   80/tcp    infallible_nobel

// 容器没有运行。无法查看日志信息
[[email protected] ~]# docker logs baac0f280b0a 

// 启动容器
[[email protected] ~]# docker start baac0f280b0a 
baac0f280b0a

// 查看日志信息
[[email protected] ~]# docker logs baac0f280b0a 
/docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Getting the checksum of /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Enabled listen on IPv6 in /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/20-envsubst-on-templates.sh
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/30-tune-worker-processes.sh
/docker-entrypoint.sh: Configuration complete; ready for start up
2021/12/01 10:16:51 [notice] 1#1: using the "epoll" event method
2021/12/01 10:16:51 [notice] 1#1: nginx/1.21.4
2021/12/01 10:16:51 [notice] 1#1: built by gcc 10.2.1 20210110 (Debian 10.2.1-6) 
2021/12/01 10:16:51 [notice] 1#1: OS: Linux 4.18.0-257.el8.x86_64
2021/12/01 10:16:51 [notice] 1#1: getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE): 1048576:1048576
2021/12/01 10:16:51 [notice] 1#1: start worker processes
2021/12/01 10:16:51 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 31
2021/12/01 10:16:51 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 32
2021/12/01 10:16:51 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 33
2021/12/01 10:16:51 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 34
2021/12/01 10:16:51 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 35
2021/12/01 10:16:51 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 36
2021/12/01 10:16:51 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 37
2021/12/01 10:16:51 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 38

docker stop：停止容器

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS     NAMES
baac0f280b0a   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   80/tcp    sleepy_mccarthy
8877c16c9c19   httpd     "httpd-foreground"       11 minutes ago       Up 6 minutes        80/tcp    infallible_nobel

[[email protected] ~]# docker stop baac0f280b0a
baac0f280b0a

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND              CREATED          STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
8877c16c9c19   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   11 minutes ago   Up 6 minutes   80/tcp    infallible_nobel

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                     PORTS     NAMES
baac0f280b0a   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   2 minutes ago    Exited (0) 5 seconds ago             sleepy_mccarthy
8877c16c9c19   httpd     "httpd-foreground"       11 minutes ago   Up 7 minutes               80/tcp    infallible_nobel

docker restart：重启容器

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                          PORTS     NAMES
baac0f280b0a   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 minutes ago    Exited (0) About a minute ago             sleepy_mccarthy
8877c16c9c19   httpd     "httpd-foreground"       12 minutes ago   Up 8 minutes                    80/tcp    infallible_nobel

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND              CREATED          STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
8877c16c9c19   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   12 minutes ago   Up 8 minutes   80/tcp    infallible_nobel

[[email protected] ~]# docker restart baac0f280b0a
baac0f280b0a
[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
baac0f280b0a   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 minutes ago    Up 2 seconds   80/tcp    sleepy_mccarthy
8877c16c9c19   httpd     "httpd-foreground"       12 minutes ago   Up 8 minutes   80/tcp    infallible_nobel

docker kill：杀死正在运行的容器

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
baac0f280b0a   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   4 minutes ago    Up 40 seconds   80/tcp    sleepy_mccarthy
8877c16c9c19   httpd     "httpd-foreground"       13 minutes ago   Up 8 minutes    80/tcp    infallible_nobel

[[email protected] ~]# docker kill 8877c16c9c19
8877c16c9c19

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
baac0f280b0a   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   4 minutes ago   Up 55 seconds   80/tcp    sleepy_mccarthy

docker run：创建容器并直接启动容器.

run命令会先查看本地是否都对应的镜像，如果没有就拉取，然后创建容器，然后运行容器

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
e2ae1f194bd8   httpd     "/bin/bash"   37 minutes ago   Exited (0) 36 minutes ago             hungry_faraday

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

[[email protected] ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
httpd        latest    ad17c88403e2   12 days ago   143MB

[[email protected] ~]# docker run -it nginx /bin/bash
Unable to find image 'nginx:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
eff15d958d66: Already exists 
1e5351450a59: Pull complete 
2df63e6ce2be: Pull complete 
9171c7ae368c: Pull complete 
020f975acd28: Pull complete 
266f639b35ad: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:097c3a0913d7e3a5b01b6c685a60c03632fc7a2b50bc8e35bcaa3691d788226e
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
[email protected]:/#

docker rm：删除容器

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
baac0f280b0a   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   7 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes   80/tcp    sleepy_mccarthy


// 无法删除正在运行的容器
[[email protected] ~]# docker rm baac0f280b0a
Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container baac0f280b0a2581ad5c3be233841f0d985d37ca3ecb7c3be5008bca941c9979. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove

// 加上-f可以强制删除正在运行的容器
[[email protected] ~]# docker rm -f baac0f280b0a
baac0f280b0a

[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

docker event state

img

原网站

版权声明
本文为[阿木690]所创，转载请带上原文链接，感谢
https://blog.csdn.net/Gf19991225/article/details/121662152

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