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Red hat install kernel header file
2022-07-07 05:53:00 【Xiao Liai studies】
List of articles
Preface
Red Hat edition :
One 、The Linux kernel RPM
1.1 rpm
rpm - RPM Package Manager
rpm Is a powerful package manager , Can be used for build, install, query, verify, update, and erase Single software package . A package consists of file archives and is used to install and delete archived files metadata form . metadata Include helper scripts、 file attributes And descriptive information about the package .
RPM package It contains other files and their metadata ( Information about the documents required by the system ) The file of .
say concretely ,RPM By cpio The archived documents consist of :
cpio The archive contains :
(1)Files
(2)RPM header (package metadata)
rpm The package manager uses this metadata To determine the dependency 、 Location of installation files and other information .
Types of RPM packages: There are two types of RPM package .
Two types of shared files , Formats and tools , But there are different contents and services for different purposes :
Binary RPM(binary packages): Contains binaries built from source code and patches .
Source RPM(SRPM,source packages):SRPM Contains source code and SPEC file , This file describes how to build the source code into binary RPM. Optionally , Patches to the source code are also included .
QUERY OPTIONS
The general form of an rpm query command is
rpm {
-q|--query} [select-options] [query-options]
-a, --all
Query all installed packages.
1.2 Install kernel header file
(1)
Compile the simplest Hello world modular , Compile failed :
Red Hat Header file in /usr/src/kernels Under the table of contents ,/usr/src/kernels There is no kernel header under the directory :
Kernel header the kernel header file is composed of kernel-devel Package provision , install kernel-devel software package :
Show :
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Out-of-service yum…
(2)
Download the kernel header on this website :
https://vault.centos.org/7.3.1611/os/x86_64/Packages/
rpm -ivh *.rpm --nodeps --force
-i, --info
Display package information, including name, version, and description. This uses the --queryformat if one was specified.
// Show package information , Include the name 、 Version and description .
-v Print verbose information - normally routine progress messages will be displayed.
// Print details - General progress messages are usually displayed .
-h, --hash
Print 50 hash marks as the package archive is unpacked. Use with -v|--verbose for a nicer display.
// Print when decompressing the package for archiving 50 hash marks. And -v|--verbose Use together to get better display effect .
--nodeps
Don't do a dependency check before installing or upgrading a package.
// Do not check dependencies before installing or upgrading packages .
--force
Same as using --replacepkgs, --replacefiles, and --oldpackage.
--replacefiles
Install the packages even if they replace files from other, already installed, packages.
// Install these packages , Even if they replace files in other installed packages .
--replacepkgs
Install the packages even if some of them are already installed on this system.
// Even if some of them are installed on this system , Also install these packages .
--oldpackage
Allow an upgrade to replace a newer package with an older one.
// Allow upgrades to replace newer packages with older packages .
In this way, the kernel head installation is completed :
Because I installed three packages , stay /boot/ The kernel image of this kernel version will also be generated under the directory ...
(3)
kernel: Linux Kernel packages , Inclusion sheet 、 Cores of multicore and multiprocessor systems , Any Linux The core of operating system , A single processor system only needs to install the kernel package . The kernel handles the basic functions of the operating system : Memory allocation 、 Process assignment 、 Equipment input and output .
kernel-devel: This package provides enough to build modules based on kernel packages kernel headers and makefile file ( It includes kernel-headers).
kernel-headers: Include designation Linux The interface between the kernel and user space libraries and programs C The header file . Header files define the structures and constants needed to build most standard programs .
kernel-debug : Contains many for the kernel debug Enabling options for diagnostics and debugging , It should only be installed if we need to try to collect additional kernel error information . It is at the expense of performance .
kernel-tools: Contains for manipulation Linux Kernel and documentation supporting tools .
(4)
Just write the kernel module installation kernel-headers-3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64 Can :
rpm -ivh kernel-headers-3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
install kernel-devel After the package , You can go to /usr/src/kernels/ Find all the kernel header files , You can write kernel modules .
(5)
Can be yum Source transposition centos Source , So you can go directly through yum To install the kernel header file .
yum install kernel-devel
yum install kernel-headers
summary
For the first time to use Red Hat( Of course, it's often used centos) , That's all Red Hat7.3 Steps to install the kernel header file .
Reference material
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