What format should be adopted when the references are foreign documents?

There are some differences between English papers and Chinese papers , In particular, some matters that need to be marked , For example, references 、 The author's signature, etc , Compared with Chinese papers, there are still big differences , The most common Citation Formats of foreign literature include humanities ( Such as literature or language ) Of MLA style 、 Social Sciences ( Such as psychology or pedagogy ) Of APA style .

According to our national standards GB/T 7714, Now let's talk about several parts that need your attention in English thesis writing ：

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Published by countries all over the world found on the website of Zhangqiao scientific research 28000+ Take important academic journals for example ：


One 、 English reference annotation format
According to the current regulations , The paper references in academic journals are marked with sequential coding system , That is, the quotation in the text is encoded in Arabic numerals according to the order in which the cited documents appear in the paper , The serial number is placed in square brackets . The same document is quoted repeatedly in the same article , Mark with the same serial number . This rule makes the listed literature concise , It should draw the attention of the author .

English references are the same as Chinese references , The format for ：
Preoccupation 、 proceedings 、 Dissertation 、 The report -[ Serial number ] Main responsible person . Document title . Place of publication ： publisher , Year of publication . Start and end page number ( Optional ).
Example ：
[1]Day,C.,Veen,D.van,& Walraven,G. Children and youth at risk and urban education. Research,policy and prac-tice. Leuven/Apeldoorn:Garant. 1997.
Journal articles -[ Serial number ] Main responsible person . Document title . Title , year , volume ( period )： Start and end page number .

Example ：
[2] Driessen,G.,& Van der Grinten,M. Home language proficiency in the Netherland:The evaluation of Turkish andMoroccan bilingual programmes- A critical review,Studies in Educational Evaluation,1994,20(3)：365- 386.
The literature collected in this paper -[ Serial number ] The main responsible person of this document . The title of the literature . The main responsible person of the original document ( Optional ). The original title . Place of publication ： publisher , Year of publication . Start and end page numbers of separated documents .

Example ：
[3] Driessen,G.,Mulder,L.,& Jungbluth,P. Structural and cultural determinants of educational opportunities in theNetherlands. In S.Weil(Ed.),Root and migration in global perspective. Jerusalem:Magnes Press.1999. pp.83- 104.[5]
Newspaper articles -[ Serial number ] Main responsible person . Document title . The name of the newspaper , Publication date ( Edition ).

Example ：
[4] Lgnatieff,M. Keeping an old flame burning brightly. The Guardian,1998- 12- 20(12).
Electronic Literature -[ Serial number ] Main responsible person . Title of electronic documents . Source or available address of electronic documents , Date of publication or update .

Two 、 About the annotation of English names
In the references of foreign academic works , The tagging of names has been agreed to become a unified format , That is, when the author's name is marked in English references , Last name is required 、 Name after , Last names are separated by commas , The first letter of the last name is capitalized , The rest of the letters are not capitalized ; First names are represented by capital letters , Followed by an abbreviation dot , Abbreviations cannot be omitted .
in addition , about “ full name + Academic degree ” The situation of , Generally, when marking “ Academic degree ” delete , Don't mistake it for a surname or part of a surname .
When a reference has two or more authors , In addition to writing the last name of each author in advance according to the above requirements , The author is separated from the author by commas , The last author added & Symbol , As the sample [1], You can also keep only the first three authors , Then add etc. Express .

3、 ... and 、 The annotation of the name of the document and the name of the original text in English
English book titles have the habit of being italicized in English articles , Title of the thesis 、 The journal name or newspaper name has the same effect as the book name , So it is arranged in italics , The extracted document name is equivalent to the chapter title in the book , Does not have the weight of the title , Therefore, it cannot be arranged in italics .
The document type should not be marked . Document type is the annotation requirement for the formulation of China's editing standards , Foreign countries have not adopted . Mark eye-catching in Chinese 、 natural , In English, the annotation of this item is prone to misunderstanding and interference .
If it is for the convenience of computer identification in retrieval or statistics , It's a technical requirement , Then it should be uniformly required to mark , from “ Not marked ” Look at , There are no technical requirements . thus , It is appropriate not to mark the document type in English references .

Four 、 Place of publication and publishing house ( merchant ) The annotation
Place of publication and publishing house ( merchant ) It is an important part of references , Mark copyright information , Do not omit or omit .
A book in China is generally published and distributed by a publishing house , The place of publication is generally defined as the city where the publishing house is located .
The situation abroad is more complicated , Because the market economy is highly mature , High language versatility , Copyright is generally protected and other reasons , A book may be published by more than one publisher ( merchant ) Cooperative publishing and distribution , The place of publication may also be in different cities in different countries . When there are two or more places of publication 、 Press. ( merchant ) When there are two or more , It should be marked one by one , The middle is separated by a slash . Such as Amsterdam/Philadephia:Ben-jamins, And so on Den Haag:Sdu/DOP The place of publication is usually the publishing house ( merchant ) The city where it is , Mark the city name , Cannot be marked as country name .

For English references , We should also pay attention to the following two points ：
① The author's name is " The last name comes before the first name " primary be , The specific format is ： surname , The initial of a name . Such as ：Malcolm Richard Cowley Should be ：Cowley, M.R., If there are two authors , The way of the first author remains the same ,& Then the initials of the second author's name are put in front , Put your last name behind , Such as ：Frank Norris And Irving Gordon Should be ：Norris, F. & I.Gordon.
② Title 、 Newspaper titles are in italics , Such as ：Mastering English Literature,English Weekly.

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