Competition between public and private chains in data privacy and throughput

* Time of publication ：2022 year 2 month 22 Japan
Source of information ：bsvblockchain.org

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This article will discuss common misconceptions about public and private chains , And compare the public chain with the private chain in terms of data privacy and throughput .

When enterprises and government entities review different blockchain solutions , One of the first questions to consider is whether they should use public chains or “ License type ” Private blockchain .

In general , The entity will validate the certificate 、 Applications such as pilot projects or R & D projects are placed on the public chain . But when they want to create their own pass or data applications involving sensitive data of enterprises or individuals , They will choose a licensed blockchain platform .

At a glance , take “ Private blockchain ” Equivalent to data privacy , take “ Licensed blockchain ” Equivalent to network security , That makes sense .

On the other hand , This assumption also means that the public chain cannot be applied to scenarios involving sensitive data , And the security will be relatively poor .

However , These two assumptions are derived from the blockchain prototype Wrong understanding .

01 Misunderstanding of private chain and public chain

● Data privacy is one of the main considerations leading to the project's choice of private blockchain , Because it is generally believed that the public chain cannot meet the EU GDPR And other regulations .

● Name the private ledger “ Licensed blockchain ”, People assume that the public chain cannot provide flexible permission setting options .

● Because the infrastructure and computing services of the public chain can be used by all public entities , People believe that this kind of network will inevitably be difficult to quickly handle the workload of data applications .

02 Data privacy ： Public chain vs Private chain

The mainstream view is that , If you are a bank or enterprise , You may want to implement a licensed blockchain . And the public chain , Because it contains “ Male ” This word , It is understood that it will automatically put the enterprise 、 Government and personal data are exposed in the public domain .

But it's a misunderstanding , And this misunderstanding can be traced back to the era when the function of the public chain has not been truly understood and utilized .

“ alias ” yes BSV Standard functions of blockchain

Although a simple blockchain migration scheme will face privacy problems , But like BSV Blockchain is based on UTXO Blockchain , It's essentially a “ alias ” System . Each bit of data published to the chain is associated with the digital signature of the publisher and the entity interacting with the data . This kind of digital signature sets a line between transaction and identity information A firewall .

In short ： The deal is Open Of , But the identity of the user is still Privacy Of .

And by using a one-time alias , Further confuse the relationship between individual or organizational transactions , It can further strengthen the privacy of users .

Briefly ： Although an entity uses BSV Blockchain has released millions of data to blockchain , But it is impossible to see the relationship between these data by viewing the public blockchain records , And want to trace the source of all data , It's very heavy （ And expensive ） The task of .

Ensure data integrity without publishing underlying data

BSV Blockchain uses SHA-256 Algorithm , A string of text is converted into a deterministic output called a hash value . Input information cannot be inferred from output information , But if the corresponding hash value is public , Anyone who has input information can verify its authenticity .

When you have a secure hash algorithm , Even the smallest change in input , You will also get a completely different output . for example , Change a letter from uppercase to lowercase , Or just add a period , The results will be different .

This function creates a “ Digital fingerprinting ”, And by the transaction processor （ Also known as node ） To ensure the integrity of blockchain . Blockchain is just a sequence of blocks （ Or a list of linked blocks ）, Contains the data of the previous block header linked by the hash pointer . The block header hash contains the hash output of the previous block and the hash of the data in the current block （ Merkel Gen ）.

This powerful format creates an effective blockchain , It can be traced back to the first “ creation ” block . Because these blocks are established one by one through workload proof , Any attempt to overwrite or change these stored data requires attackers to build a new workload proof chain , At the same time, its speed should surpass the honest node . From the perspective of computing power , This is impractical . therefore , Any information stored in a block that has established a certain amount of workload proof is extremely difficult to change .

Any node or user can quickly verify and verify the integrity of the data in the transaction by using only the Merkel certificate of the transaction , To ensure the reliability of hash value .

A case study ：BSV Medical research data on blockchain

Veridat It's a SaaS（ Software as a service ） platform , It can simplify the collection process of key information , And store the information in BSV Block chain .Bench It is a cloud based service launched by them , By recording key events in the research workflow , Provide support for the research integrity and data authenticity of the medical industry .

They do not publish data directly to BSV Block chain , Instead, hash the data , Then chain the hash value . Pharmaceutical companies do not want their data to appear on the public chain . Using hash values can ensure that their data is protected from theft by competitors , At the same time, it can still prove the effectiveness of the workflow .

Encryption technology to strengthen the data privacy of blockchain

except BSV In addition to the built-in data privacy measures of blockchain , Privacy can also be enhanced by using simple encryption techniques such as end-to-end . You can also use zk-SNARK（ Concise non iterative knowledge demonstration of zero knowledge ） And other more advanced technologies .

A case study ： Medical data on the public chain

To illustrate the public chain —— namely BSV How blockchain is applied to store and process the most sensitive data , Let's consider a practical example involving sensitive data ： Medical health data .

On a global scale , Providers of medical and health services （ From doctor 、 Pharmacists go to drugmakers ） At present, they will work with patients 、 The data related to drug trials and drug treatment are stored in a closed data island . These data islands often do not have enough security layers and firewalls . This practice will not only lead to data leakage , It will also restrict medical practitioners from fully understanding the patient's medical history .

National Health Commission （NHC） Subsidiary company 、 Personal health data platform EHR Data Inc, Transferring NHC Of medical data migrated to BSV Blockchain . except BSV Outside the private key system ,EHR The data platform encrypts the data before publishing it to the blockchain , Thus, the privacy of patients is guaranteed while sharing key data .

When asked about their choice of public blockchain and private blockchain ,EHR Data Chief scientist of Ron Austring Use the analogy of Internet and intranet to answer ：

“ If you build a website and put it on your company's intranet , You can't get more （ Internet ） Exposure . If you start with a public chain , You immediately know that your service can be used by other entities on the public chain .”

03 throughput ： Public chain vs Private chain

Throughput is also a problem that people often talk about , Because most public chains are facing the problem of capacity expansion .

about BSV In terms of blockchain , Scalability Is one of its core foundations , It also has stability 、 Security and immediacy .

BSV It is the only blockchain that can be expanded on a large scale .

BSV The network supports greater data capacity , faster 、 Stronger data processing ability , And a very low handling fee , This enables developers to build countless innovative applications based on this . Multinational enterprises and the entire supply chain will be able to be based on BSV Blockchain protocols and infrastructure to run their own data systems .

BSV Main network TPS Reached 5124Tx/s（ Block height 686127）, And this number is still growing .

04 The only global blockchain

Imagine such a world ： We have a large number of different private blockchains , Each blockchain runs on its own infrastructure and protocols . What is the essential difference between it and the current heap of different federated database schemas ？

and BSV Blockchain provides us with a vision ： Through a single global database , Bring interoperability and shared markets to global data , And return control and data ownership to users .

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at present , There are more than 400 Projects built on BSV On the blockchain . With rock solid protocol and ultra-high network performance ,BSV Rapid development of ecosystem , We look forward to more unprecedented commercial applications in the future .

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