Router-view

我们都知道，路由指的是组件和路径的一种映射关系。Router-view也被称为路由的出口,今天我们就探讨下如何去使用路由出口。

也就是:

路径--------------------------------------------------------------->页面

可以把router-view理解成一类代码存放的位置。

一.基本的路由配置(没用子集)

我们都知道所有的组成注册最终在app.vue注册完毕。

通过代码来分析:

import Vue from 'vue'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'

Vue.use(VueRouter)

const routes = [
  {
    path: '/',
    name: '首页',
    // route level code-splitting
    // this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
    // which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
    component: () =>
      import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/shouye.vue')
  },
  {
    path: '/1',
    name: 'About1',
    // route level code-splitting
    // this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
    // which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
    component: () =>
      import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/About.vue')
  },
  {
    path: '/2',
    name: 'About2',
    // route level code-splitting
    // this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
    // which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
    component: () =>
      import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/About1.vue')
  },
  {
    path: '/3',
    name: 'About3',
    // route level code-splitting
    // this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
    // which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
    component: () =>
      import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/About2.vue')
  },
  {
    path: '/4',
    name: 'About4',
    // route level code-splitting
    // this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
    // which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
    component: () =>
      import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/Aboutf.vue')
  }
]

const router = new VueRouter({
  mode: 'history',
  base: process.env.BASE_URL,
  routes
})

export default router

在这里通过path路径来匹配组件。

打开页面之后。

页面是空白的什么都没有。

为什么会出现这种状况呢？这里就和router-view有关了。

原因很简单,所对应的组件没有位置可放。

解决方法:

<template>
  <div class="">
    <router-view></router-view>
  </div>
</template>

在App.vue加个路由组件存放的位置即可。

为什么不在其它的组件里面放router-view？

因为App.vue是根组件,最开始的页面就显示在这里。

加完之后

默认根组件显示的内容就显示出来了。

我们在换个路径/1

也是可以正常显示的。

二.有子集的路由配置

代码：

import Vue from 'vue'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
import a from '@/views/a.vue'

Vue.use(VueRouter)

const routes = [
  {
    path: '/',
    name: '首页',
    // route level code-splitting
    // this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
    // which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
    component: () =>
      import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/shouye.vue'),
    children: [
      {
        path: 'a',
        component: a
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    path: '/1',
    name: 'About1',
    // route level code-splitting
    // this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
    // which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
    component: () =>
      import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/About.vue')
  },
  {
    path: '/2',
    name: 'About2',
    // route level code-splitting
    // this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
    // which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
    component: () =>
      import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/About1.vue')
  },
  {
    path: '/3',
    name: 'About3',
    // route level code-splitting
    // this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
    // which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
    component: () =>
      import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/About2.vue')
  },
  {
    path: '/4',
    name: 'About4',
    // route level code-splitting
    // this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
    // which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
    component: () =>
      import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/Aboutf.vue')
  }
]

const router = new VueRouter({
  mode: 'history',
  base: process.env.BASE_URL,
  routes
})

export default router

可以看出在首页下,又放了一个a页面。

可以看出是无法访问的。

原因还是没有router-view，此时的router-view加在哪里呢？

加在当前一级路由里面。

代码：

<template>
  <div class="">
    <!-- 默认进来的页面 -->
    <h1>飘向北方</h1>
    <router-view></router-view>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: '',
  methods: {}
}
</script>

<style scoped></style>

可以访问了

我们在再一级路由shouye下在加上一个二级路由。

代码:

import Vue from 'vue'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
import a from '@/views/a.vue'
import aa from '@/views/aa.vue'

Vue.use(VueRouter)

const routes = [
  {
    path: '/',
    name: '首页',
    // route level code-splitting
    // this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
    // which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
    component: () =>
      import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/shouye.vue'),
    children: [
      {
        path: 'a',
        component: a
      },
      {
        path: 'aa',
        component: aa
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    path: '/1',
    name: 'About1',
    // route level code-splitting
    // this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
    // which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
    component: () =>
      import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/About.vue')
  },
  {
    path: '/2',
    name: 'About2',
    // route level code-splitting
    // this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
    // which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
    component: () =>
      import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/About1.vue')
  },
  {
    path: '/3',
    name: 'About3',
    // route level code-splitting
    // this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
    // which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
    component: () =>
      import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/About2.vue')
  },
  {
    path: '/4',
    name: 'About4',
    // route level code-splitting
    // this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
    // which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
    component: () =>
      import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/Aboutf.vue')
  }
]

const router = new VueRouter({
  mode: 'history',
  base: process.env.BASE_URL,
  routes
})

export default router

此时a页面消失了,但是aa页面是可以访问到的。

三.实战练习

需求:左侧是侧边栏,右面是显示的内容。

代码:

router/index.js路由的配置

import Vue from 'vue'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
import a from '@/views/a.vue'
import aa from '@/views/aa.vue'
import a3 from '@/views/a3.vue'
import af from '@/views/af.vue'

Vue.use(VueRouter)

const routes = [
  {
    path: '/',
    name: '首页',
    // route level code-splitting
    // this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
    // which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
    component: () =>
      import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/shouye.vue'),
    children: [
      {
        path: '1',
        component: a
      },
      {
        path: '2',
        component: aa
      },
      {
        path: '3',
        component: a3
      },
      {
        path: 'f',
        component: af
      }
    ]
  }
]

const router = new VueRouter({
  mode: 'history',
  base: process.env.BASE_URL,
  routes
})

export default router

shouye.vue

<template>
  <div class="">
    <el-container>
      <el-header>Header</el-header>
      <el-container>
        <el-aside width="200px">
          <sideBar />
        </el-aside>
        <el-main>
          <!-- 二级路的出口 -->
          <router-view></router-view>
        </el-main>
      </el-container>
    </el-container>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import sideBar from '@/views/sideBar/index.vue'
export default {
  components: {
    sideBar
  },
  name: '',
  methods: {}
}
</script>

<style scoped>
.el-header,
.el-footer {
  background-color: #b3c0d1;
  color: #333;
  text-align: center;
  line-height: 60px;
}

.el-aside {
  background-color: #d3dce6;
  color: #333;
  text-align: center;
  line-height: 200px;
}

.el-main {
  background-color: #e9eef3;
  color: #333;
  text-align: center;
  line-height: 160px;
}

body > .el-container {
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.el-container:nth-child(5) .el-aside,
.el-container:nth-child(6) .el-aside {
  line-height: 260px;
}

.el-container:nth-child(7) .el-aside {
  line-height: 320px;
}
</style>

sideBar/index

<template>
  <div class="">
    <el-row class="tac">
      <el-col :span="12">
        <el-menu
          default-active="2"
          class="el-menu-vertical-demo"
          @open="handleOpen"
          router
          @close="handleClose"
          background-color="#545c64"
          text-color="#fff"
          active-text-color="#ffd04b"
        >
          <el-menu-item index="1" class="aa">
            <i class="el-icon-menu"></i>
            <span slot="title">页面1</span>
          </el-menu-item>
          <el-menu-item index="2" class="aa">
            <i class="el-icon-menu"></i>
            <span slot="title">页面2</span>
          </el-menu-item>
          <el-menu-item index="3" class="aa">
            <i class="el-icon-menu"></i>
            <span slot="title">页面3</span>
          </el-menu-item>
          <el-menu-item index="f" class="aa">
            <i class="el-icon-menu"></i>
            <span slot="title">页面f</span>
          </el-menu-item>
        </el-menu>
      </el-col>
    </el-row>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  methods: {
    handleOpen (key, keyPath) {
      console.log(key, keyPath)
    },
    handleClose (key, keyPath) {
      console.log(key, keyPath)
    }
  }
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.aa {
  width: 200px;
}
</style>

效果:

四.路由的懒加载

通过上述导入组件的过程你会发现，导入组件的方式有两种。

第一种：

import Vue from 'vue'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
import a from '@/views/a.vue'
import aa from '@/views/aa.vue'
import a3 from '@/views/a3.vue'
import af from '@/views/af.vue'

Vue.use(VueRouter)

const routes = [
  {
    path: '/',
    name: '首页',
    // route level code-splitting
    // this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
    // which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
    component: () =>
      import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/shouye.vue'),
    children: [
      {
        path: '1',
        component: a
      },
      {
        path: '2',
        component: aa
      },
      {
        path: '3',
        component: a3
      },
      {
        path: 'f',
        component: af
      }
    ]
  }
]

一级路由的导入方式:

 import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/shouye.vue'),

二级路由的导入方式：

import af from '@/views/af.vue'

在性能方面,懒加载会更好一些。

五.总结

1.router-view是路由的出口,没有它页面则没法进行显示。

2.二级路由的出口对应在一级路由里面进行配置。

3.一个router-view只能存储一个组件,当路径发生改变,之前的会消失。

4.图示

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