What is the difference between programming in real work and that in school?

Learn programming in school , The purpose of the lecturer is to finish the teaching materials , Complete the course design , And pass the exam .

Like learning java, Generally speaking, teachers speak according to some books , No matter what's in the book java Whether the technology will really be used in actual development , Or say , Many lecturers usually don't do projects , They also don't know what skills will be used in project development , And to what extent each skill will be used , This is why many schools are still talking about swing Interface programming , Still talking ssh This long unused framework .

I usually see some school textbooks , Here is to spring boot Technology as an example , Tell me about the differences between the relevant technologies used in the school and the project .

In school , Usually from spring boot Start class , Talk again jpa Operational data , Let's talk about some comments on the controller layer , such as @RequestMapping etc. , When talking about some skills , Will focus on grammar , For example, what does a certain method mean , What is the meaning of relevant parameters , To implement a function , Which methods can be called to enter which parameters , Let's focus on the meaning of some annotations .

in other words , In the course of teaching in school , The teacher will focus on grammar , Clarify the meaning of an object and a method , But in practice , Developers are task oriented .

For example, use spring boot Do development , The project manager can at most give developers some examples for reference , Let developers realize a certain business function . At this time, if the developer still follows the steps of the school , To understand first api Usage of , Then understand the meaning of many parameters , Further development on this basis , It will definitely delay the development progress .

Next, we will further explain the differences between school programming and work programming from many dimensions .

From the development language used , Just java aspect , Can you say that it is more practical now spring boot The number of frame schools has only increased in the past two years , Many schools are still talking about ssm frame , Even ssh frame , I don't know if there are schools that only talk about java The core , Don't speak Java web Development framework . But in the company , At least ssm, Most of them should be spring boot.

From the perspective of project management , Generally, companies will use maven In charge of the project , use git Tube code , use jenkins Deployment , use jira Manage progress , Even use docker and k8s, And in school , At most, use an integrated development environment +Maven Well .

From the perspective of project deployment , Generally, companies will deploy projects on at least one machine , Many words , It is also possible to deploy with clusters , And it is possible to introduce some distributed components or spring cloud alibaba Microservice components to cope with high concurrency , But in school , Generally speaking, we only talk about the functions of the stand-alone version . Even now , It works spring boot（ or ssm） The framework clarifies the school of a complete set of addition, deletion, modification and inspection processes , It's already better .

From the perspective of functional complexity , The school will talk about the whole development process from front-end to back-end to database , But in practice , In every process , You also need to consider various exception handling situations , For example, what if the parameter is wrong , What to do if there is a problem with the database connection .

From the perspective of work tasks , It is estimated that the school will only require students to write code , At work , Programmers not only need to be able to write code , More importantly, you should be able to do unit testing , Do code quality management , Participate in database design , Participate in project release , And solve practical problems by reading logs .

From the perspective of code writing , Schools generally require that code be written in a way consistent with textbooks , For example, the design data table should conform to the specification of three paradigms , Try to avoid writing code repeatedly , Duplicate code should be written to functions, etc . But at work , Everything is about schedule and cost , For example, a piece of code should indeed be refactored , But close to release , Too late to optimize , So it can only be written in a low-quality way , Or a project team has no budget to find front-end development , So we can only use comparison low To design the front-end framework .

From the perspective of project deployment and maintenance , When writing code in school , It is generally believed that the database is pre installed , And the database and other servers will not have problems , So students in school usually only write code , It is not easy to install programs and monitoring systems . But in real development , Only those who can do development belong to the lowest level of development , The salary will not be high , Advanced development and even architecture , Less talk about installing components , Or monitor the system by installing components .

From the perspective of analyzing and troubleshooting problems , When writing code in school , If something goes wrong , Usually only through debub To analyze the problem , But in real projects , Generally, we investigate and solve problems by reading logs .

From the operating system used , Programming in schools is generally limited to windows,mysql Is in windows Installed on ,java The program is also in windows Running on the system , But in real projects , Development can be in windows Environmental Science , But the developed results , And database and other components , It's usually deployed in linux On the operating system , This requires programmers to master the operation linux File and run linux Skills such as procedures .

In terms of measuring the results of programming , In school , As long as relevant business functions can be realized , But in development , It is more necessary to ensure that the business system can work under abnormal conditions , Further more , We also need to use various distributed components to achieve high concurrency .

From the purpose of programming , The purpose of programming in school is to pass the exam and graduate , So in case of any problem , It should be OK to find someone to accommodate , But in real projects , The purpose of programming is to make money , Purpose is different , The way of working and the pressure on programmers are not necessarily the same .

The above differences are enough to explain the differences between school programming and real project programming . For the majority of college students who are about to step on the programmer's job , If you adapt to this difference after work , It may be a little late , The price of this may be that the salary of the first job is relatively low , And the first job of the company is relatively small . So how to adapt to this difference as soon as possible ？

1 The best way is to practice as soon as possible , Go to an outside company for internship , Or help some doctoral tutors and master tutors .

2 Go to see the recruitment requirements of other companies early , In order to plan their own learning , At the same time, go out for an interview as soon as possible , Try and make mistakes through the initial interview , Go to the field and feel the difference , Feel through this , It must be deeper than what I said .

Generally speaking , Fresh graduates , Need to pass through 3 To 6 Be familiar with the transformation of roles for months , And adapt to the above differences , But if you are in school, you can do real projects and interviews as soon as possible , I am familiar with this difference , Then you will be ahead of others 3 To 6 Months , in other words , It may be earlier than others 3 To 6 I successfully entered the company in the last month .

But on the contrary , If the friends of students in school step into the society , Still holding the mode of writing code in school , Then it is estimated that it may not be able to adapt well to even the most elementary development work , In this way, let alone further upgrade to advanced development and architecture , It's estimated that it's even difficult to get a foothold .