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Getting started with MQ
2022-07-02 03:22:00 【wuyanshen】
1. MQ introduction
1.1 What is? MQ
<font color=#b97e57>MQ</font>（Message Queue）： Translated into <font color=#b97e57> Message queue </font>, Through typical <font color=#b97e57> producer </font> and <font color=#b97e57> consumer </font> Model , The producer keeps producing messages... To the message queue , Consumers keep getting messages from queues , Because the production and consumption of messages are asynchronous , And only care about the sending and receiving of messages , No intrusion of business logic , Easily realize decoupling between systems , An alias for <font color=#b97e57> Message middleware </font>, Through the use of efficient and reliable messaging mechanism for platform independent data exchange , And the integration of distributed system based on data communication .
1.2 MQ What are they?
There are many mainstream message middleware in the market today , Like the old brand ActiveMQ、RabbitMQ、 Hot at hand kafka、 Alibaba independently developed RocketMQ etc.
1.3 Different MQ characteristic
#
1.ActiveMQ
ActiveMQ yes Apache Produce , One of the most popular 、 Powerful open source message bus , It's a full support JMS Standard message middleware , rich API A variety of cluster architecture models make ActiveMQ Become an old message middleware in the industry , It's very popular in small and medium-sized enterprises .
#
2.Kafka
kafka yes LinkedIn Open source distributed Publishing - Subscribe to the messaging system , Belong to at present Apache Top projects .Kafka The main feature is based on Pull To handle message consumption , High throughput is required , The purpose at the beginning was to collect and transmit logs .0.8 The version began to support replication , Do not support things , Repetition of the message 、 The loss of 、 Mistakes are not strictly required .
#
3.RocketMQ
RocketMQ Alibaba's open source message middleware , It's pure Java Development , High throughput 、 High availability 、 Suitable for large-scale distributed applications ,RockerMQ Thought originated from Kafka, But it is not Kafka One of the Copy, It optimizes the reliable transmission of messages and the characteristics of things , At present, Alibaba group is widely used in transactions 、 Recharge 、 Flow calculation 、 Message push 、 Log streaming 、binglog Distribution and other scenarios .
#
4.RabbitMQ
RabbitMQ It's using Erlang Open source message queue system for voice development , be based on AMQP Protocol to implement ,AMQP The main feature is message oriented 、 queue 、 route （ Including point-to-point and release / subscribe ）、 reliability 、 Security .AMQP Protocols are more used for data consistency within enterprise systems 、 Scenarios requiring high stability and reliability , The performance and throughput requirements are still second .
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RabbitMQ Than kafka reliable ,kafka More suitable for IO High throughput processing , Generally used in big data log processing or on real-time ( Small delay ), reliability （ A small amount of lost data ） Use in a slightly lower level scenario , such as ELK Log collection
2. MQ actual combat
2.1 The first model （ Direct connection ）
explain ：
- P: producer , That is, the program to send messages
- C: consumer , Receiver of message , Will be waiting for the news to come
- queue: Message queue , The red part of the picture , It's like a mailbox , Can cache messages ; Producers can send messages to it , Consumers take messages out of it
Introduce dependencies
<
dependency
>
<
groupId
>com.rabbitmq
</
groupId
>
<
artifactId
>amqp-client
</
artifactId
>
<
version
>5.14.0
</
version
>
</
dependency
>
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Development producers
public
class
Producer {
public
static
void
main(
String[]
args)
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
batchProducer();
}
static
void
batchProducer()
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory
connectionFactory
=
new
ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.
setHost(
"localhost");
connectionFactory.
setPort(
5672);
connectionFactory.
setUsername(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setPassword(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setVirtualHost(
"/");
// Connection object
Connection
connection
=
connectionFactory.
newConnection();
// Create channels
Channel
channel
=
connection.
createChannel();
// The queue corresponding to the channel , No automatic creation | String queue, boolean durable, boolean exclusive, boolean autoDelete, Map<String, Object> arguments
channel.
queueDeclare(
"direct",
false,
false ,
false,
null);
// Release the news Parameters 1： Switch name Parameters 2： Queue name | String exchange, String routingKey, BasicProperties props, byte[] body
channel.
basicPublish(
"",
"direct",
null, (
" Hello , I am the news. ").
getBytes());
channel.
close();
connection.
close();
}
}
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Develop consumers
// consumer
public
class
Consumer1 {
// consumer
public
static
void
main(
String[]
args)
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
amqpConsumer();
}
static
void
amqpConsumer()
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory
connectionFactory
=
new
ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.
setHost(
"localhost");
connectionFactory.
setPort(
5672);
connectionFactory.
setUsername(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setPassword(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setVirtualHost(
"/");
// Connection object
Connection
connection
=
connectionFactory.
newConnection();
// Create channels
Channel
channel
=
connection.
createChannel();
// The queue corresponding to the channel , No automatic creation | String queue, boolean durable, boolean exclusive, boolean autoDelete, Map<String, Object> arguments
channel.
queueDeclare(
"direct",
false,
false ,
false,
null);
// News consumption Parameters 2：true Automatic confirmation message false Manual confirmation message | String queue, boolean autoAck, Consumer callback
channel.
basicConsume(
"direct",
false,
new
DefaultConsumer(
channel) {
// Parameters body Is the message taken from the message queue
public
void
handleDelivery(
String
consumerTag,
Envelope
envelope,
AMQP.
BasicProperties
properties,
byte[]
body)
throws
IOException {
System.
out.
println(
"body = "
+
new
String(
body));
// Parameters 1： To confirm which message in the queue ( Message flags ) Parameters 2： Whether to enable multiple parameter confirmation at the same time
channel.
basicAck(
envelope.
getDeliveryTag(),
false);
}
});
// channel.close();
// connection.close();
}
}
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2.2 The second model (work queue)
<font color=#b97e57>Work queues</font>, Also known as （<font color=#b97e57>Toask queues</font>）, Task model . When message processing is time consuming , Maybe the speed of producing messages will be much faster than that of consuming messages . In the long term , The news will pile up more and more , Can't handle in time . You can use work Model ： Bind multiple consumers to a queue , Messages in the co consumption queue . Once the messages in the queue are consumed , Will disappear , So the task is not repeated .
explain ：
- P： producer ： Publisher of task
- C1： consumer , Pick up the task and finish it , Let's say it's done slowly
- C2： consumer 2, Pick up the task and finish it , Let's say it's fast
Development producers （ Mass production messages ）
public
static
void
main(
String[]
args)
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
batchProducer();
}
static
void
batchProducer()
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory
connectionFactory
=
new
ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.
setHost(
"localhost");
connectionFactory.
setPort(
5672);
connectionFactory.
setUsername(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setPassword(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setVirtualHost(
"/");
// Connection object
Connection
connection
=
connectionFactory.
newConnection();
// Create channels
Channel
channel
=
connection.
createChannel();
// The queue corresponding to the channel , No automatic creation
channel.
queueDeclare(
"hello",
false,
false ,
false,
null);
// Release the news
for (
int
i
=
1;
i
<=
20;
i
++) {
channel.
basicPublish(
"",
"work",
null, (
" Hello , I am the news. "
+
i).
getBytes());
}
channel.
close();
connection.
close();
}
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Develop consumers 1 And consumers 2
public
class
Consumer2 {
// consumer
public
static
void
main(
String[]
args)
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
amqpConsumer();
}
static
void
amqpConsumer()
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory
connectionFactory
=
new
ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.
setHost(
"localhost");
connectionFactory.
setPort(
5672);
connectionFactory.
setUsername(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setPassword(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setVirtualHost(
"/");
// Connection object
Connection
connection
=
connectionFactory.
newConnection();
// Create channels
Channel
channel
=
connection.
createChannel();
// You can only consume one message at a time
channel.
basicQos(
1);
// The queue corresponding to the channel , No automatic creation
channel.
queueDeclare(
"work",
false,
false ,
false,
null);
// News consumption Parameters 2：true Automatic confirmation message false Manual confirmation message
channel.
basicConsume(
"work",
false,
new
DefaultConsumer(
channel) {
// Parameters body Is the message taken from the message queue
public
void
handleDelivery(
String
consumerTag,
Envelope
envelope,
AMQP.
BasicProperties
properties,
byte[]
body)
throws
IOException {
try {
Thread.
sleep(
2000);
}
catch (
InterruptedException
e) {
e.
printStackTrace();
}
System.
out.
println(
"body = "
+
new
String(
body));
// Parameters 1： To confirm which message in the queue ( Message flags ) Parameters 2： Whether to enable multiple parameter confirmation at the same time
channel.
basicAck(
envelope.
getDeliveryTag(),
false);
}
});
// channel.close();
// connection.close();
}
}
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2.3 The third model (fanout)
<font color=#b97e57>fanout Fan out Also known as broadcast </font>
In broadcast mode , This is the message sending process ：
- There can be multiple consumers
- Each consumer has its own queue（ queue ）
- Each queue is bound to the Exchange（ Switch ）
- Message sent by the producer , It can only be sent to the switch , The switch decides which queue to launch , The producer cannot decide
- The switch sends messages to all the queues it has bound
- Consumers in the queue can get messages . Realize that a message is consumed by multiple consumers
Development producers
public
class
Producer {
public
static
void
main(
String[]
args)
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
batchProducer();
}
static
void
batchProducer()
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory
connectionFactory
=
new
ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.
setHost(
"localhost");
connectionFactory.
setPort(
5672);
connectionFactory.
setUsername(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setPassword(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setVirtualHost(
"/");
// Connection object
Connection
connection
=
connectionFactory.
newConnection();
// Create channels
Channel
channel
=
connection.
createChannel();
// Declaration switch Parameters 1： Switch name Parameters 2： Switch type fanout The radio type
channel.
exchangeDeclare(
"logs",
"fanout");
// Release the news
for (
int
i
=
1;
i
<=
20;
i
++) {
// String exchange, String routingKey, BasicProperties props, byte[] body
channel.
basicPublish(
"logs",
"",
null, (
" Hello , I am a fanout news "
+
i).
getBytes());
}
channel.
close();
connection.
close();
}
}
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Develop consumers 1 And consumers 2
public
class
Consumer1 {
// consumer
public
static
void
main(
String[]
args)
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
amqpConsumer();
}
static
void
amqpConsumer()
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory
connectionFactory
=
new
ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.
setHost(
"localhost");
connectionFactory.
setPort(
5672);
connectionFactory.
setUsername(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setPassword(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setVirtualHost(
"/");
// Connection object
Connection
connection
=
connectionFactory.
newConnection();
// Create channels
Channel
channel
=
connection.
createChannel();
// You can only consume one message at a time
channel.
basicQos(
1);
// Channel bound switches | String exchange, String type
channel.
exchangeDeclare(
"logs",
"fanout");
// Declare temporary queue
String
queueName
=
channel.
queueDeclare().
getQueue();
// Bind switches and queues | String queue, String exchange, String routingKey
channel.
queueBind(
queueName,
"logs",
"");
// News consumption Parameters 2：true Automatic confirmation message false Manual confirmation message | String queue, boolean autoAck, Consumer callback
channel.
basicConsume(
queueName,
false,
new
DefaultConsumer(
channel) {
// Parameters body Is the message taken from the message queue
public
void
handleDelivery(
String
consumerTag,
Envelope
envelope,
AMQP.
BasicProperties
properties,
byte[]
body)
throws
IOException {
System.
out.
println(
"body = "
+
new
String(
body));
// Parameters 1： To confirm which message in the queue ( Message flags ) Parameters 2： Whether to enable multiple parameter confirmation at the same time | long deliveryTag, boolean multiple
channel.
basicAck(
envelope.
getDeliveryTag(),
false);
}
});
// channel.close();
// connection.close();
}
}
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2.4 The fourth model (Routing)
2.4.1 Routing The subscription model of Internet -Direct( Direct connection )
<font color=#b97e57> stay Fanout In the pattern , A message , Will be consumed by all subscribed queues . however , In some cases , We want different messages to be consumed by different queues . It needs to be used Direct Type of Exchange.</font>
stay Direct Under the model ：
- The binding of queues to switches , It can't be arbitrary binding , It's about specifying a <font color=#b97e57>RoutingKey</font>( route key)
- The sender of the message is sending to Exchange When sending a message , You must also specify the <font color=#b97e57>RoutingKey</font>.
- Exchange No longer give messages to each bound queue , It's based on the news <font color=#b97e57>RoutingKey</font> Judge , There's only a line of <font color=#b97e57>RoutingKey</font> With the news <font color=#b97e57>RoutingKey</font> Exactly the same , To receive messages
technological process ：
The illustration ：
- P： producer , towards Exchange Send a message , When sending a message , Will specify a routingKey.
- X：Exchange（ Switch ）, Receive messages from producers , Then send the message to routingKey A perfectly matched queue
- C1： consumer , Its queue specifies the need for routingKey by error The news of
- C2： consumer , Its queue specifies the need for routingKey by info、error、warning
Development producers
public
class
Producer {
public
static
void
main(
String[]
args)
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
batchProducer();
}
static
void
batchProducer()
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory
connectionFactory
=
new
ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.
setHost(
"localhost");
connectionFactory.
setPort(
5672);
connectionFactory.
setUsername(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setPassword(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setVirtualHost(
"/");
// Connection object
Connection
connection
=
connectionFactory.
newConnection();
// Create channels
Channel
channel
=
connection.
createChannel();
// Declaration switch Parameters 1： Switch name Parameters 2： Switch type Routing mode
channel.
exchangeDeclare(
"logs_direct",
"direct");
// Release the news
String
routingKey
=
"info";
for (
int
i
=
1;
i
<=
20;
i
++) {
// String exchange, String routingKey, BasicProperties props, byte[] body
channel.
basicPublish(
"logs_direct",
routingKey,
null, (
" I am a direct Model publishing based on routingKey:"
+
routingKey
+
" Message sent "
+
i).
getBytes());
}
channel.
close();
connection.
close();
}
}
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Develop consumers 1
consumer 1 Only routes can be received key by error The news of
public
class
Consumer1 {
// consumer
public
static
void
main(
String[]
args)
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
amqpConsumer();
}
static
void
amqpConsumer()
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory
connectionFactory
=
new
ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.
setHost(
"localhost");
connectionFactory.
setPort(
5672);
connectionFactory.
setUsername(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setPassword(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setVirtualHost(
"/");
// Connection object
Connection
connection
=
connectionFactory.
newConnection();
// Create channels
Channel
channel
=
connection.
createChannel();
// You can only consume one message at a time
channel.
basicQos(
1);
// Declaration switch | String exchange, String type
channel.
exchangeDeclare(
"logs_direct",
"direct");
// Declare temporary queue
String
queueName
=
channel.
queueDeclare().
getQueue();
// Bind switches and queues | String queue, String exchange, String routingKey
channel.
queueBind(
queueName,
"logs_direct",
"error");
// News consumption Parameters 2：true Automatic confirmation message false Manual confirmation message | String queue, boolean autoAck, Consumer callback
channel.
basicConsume(
queueName,
false,
new
DefaultConsumer(
channel) {
// Parameters body Is the message taken from the message queue
public
void
handleDelivery(
String
consumerTag,
Envelope
envelope,
AMQP.
BasicProperties
properties,
byte[]
body)
throws
IOException {
System.
out.
println(
"body = "
+
new
String(
body));
// Parameters 1： To confirm which message in the queue ( Message flags ) Parameters 2： Whether to enable multiple parameter confirmation at the same time | long deliveryTag, boolean multiple
channel.
basicAck(
envelope.
getDeliveryTag(),
false);
}
});
// channel.close();
// connection.close();
}
}
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Develop consumers 2
consumer 2 Can receive routes key by info、warning、error The news of
public
class
Consumer2 {
// consumer
public
static
void
main(
String[]
args)
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
amqpConsumer();
}
static
void
amqpConsumer()
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory
connectionFactory
=
new
ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.
setHost(
"localhost");
connectionFactory.
setPort(
5672);
connectionFactory.
setUsername(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setPassword(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setVirtualHost(
"/");
// Connection object
Connection
connection
=
connectionFactory.
newConnection();
// Create channels
Channel
channel
=
connection.
createChannel();
// You can only consume one message at a time
channel.
basicQos(
1);
// Declaration switch | String exchange, String type
channel.
exchangeDeclare(
"logs_direct",
"direct");
// Declare temporary queue
String
queueName
=
channel.
queueDeclare().
getQueue();
// Bind switches and queues | String queue, String exchange, String routingKey
channel.
queueBind(
queueName,
"logs_direct",
"info");
channel.
queueBind(
queueName,
"logs_direct",
"warning");
channel.
queueBind(
queueName,
"logs_direct",
"error");
// News consumption Parameters 2：true Automatic confirmation message false Manual confirmation message | String queue, boolean autoAck, Consumer callback
channel.
basicConsume(
queueName,
false,
new
DefaultConsumer(
channel) {
// Parameters body Is the message taken from the message queue
public
void
handleDelivery(
String
consumerTag,
Envelope
envelope,
AMQP.
BasicProperties
properties,
byte[]
body)
throws
IOException {
System.
out.
println(
"body = "
+
new
String(
body));
// Parameters 1： To confirm which message in the queue ( Message flags ) Parameters 2： Whether to enable multiple parameter confirmation at the same time | long deliveryTag, boolean multiple
channel.
basicAck(
envelope.
getDeliveryTag(),
false);
}
});
// channel.close();
// connection.close();
}
}
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2.4.1 Routing The subscription model of Internet -Topic
<font color=#b97e57>Topic</font> Type of <font color=#b97e57>Exchange</font> And <font color=#b97e57>Direct</font> comparison , All can be based on <font color=#b97e57>RoutingKey</font> Route messages to different queues . It's just <font color=#b97e57>Topic</font> Type of <font color=#b97e57>Exchange</font> You can make the queue bind <font color=#b97e57>RoutingKey</font> When using wildcards ！ This model <font color=#b97e57>Routingkey</font> It's usually made up of one or more words , More than one word to "." Separate , for example ： <font color=#b97e57>item.insert</font>
<img src="https://minio.lvcoding.com/blog/1642488067454.png" alt="image-20220118144046584" style="zoom:50%;" />
#
wildcard
*
(
star)
No more, no less, just one word
#
Match one or more words
#
Such as ：
audit.
#
matching audit.irs.corporate perhaps
audit.irs etc.
audit.
* Only match audit.irs
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Development producers
public
class
Producer {
public
static
void
main(
String[]
args)
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
batchProducer();
}
static
void
batchProducer()
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory
connectionFactory
=
new
ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.
setHost(
"localhost");
connectionFactory.
setPort(
5672);
connectionFactory.
setUsername(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setPassword(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setVirtualHost(
"/");
// Connection object
Connection
connection
=
connectionFactory.
newConnection();
// Create channels
Channel
channel
=
connection.
createChannel();
// Declaration switch Parameters 1： Switch name Parameters 2： Switch type Routing mode
channel.
exchangeDeclare(
"topics",
"topic");
// Release the news
String
routingKey
=
"user.save.delete";
for (
int
i
=
1;
i
<=
20;
i
++) {
// String exchange, String routingKey, BasicProperties props, byte[] body
channel.
basicPublish(
"topics",
routingKey,
null, (
" I am a topic The dynamic routing model is based on routingKey:"
+
routingKey
+
" Message sent "
+
i).
getBytes());
}
channel.
close();
connection.
close();
}
}
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- 35.
Develop consumers 1
public
class
Consumer1 {
// consumer
public
static
void
main(
String[]
args)
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
amqpConsumer();
}
static
void
amqpConsumer()
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
ConnectionFactory
connectionFactory
=
new
ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.
setHost(
"localhost");
connectionFactory.
setPort(
5672);
connectionFactory.
setUsername(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setPassword(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setVirtualHost(
"/");
// Connection object
Connection
connection
=
connectionFactory.
newConnection();
// Create channels
Channel
channel
=
connection.
createChannel();
// You can only consume one message at a time
channel.
basicQos(
1);
// Declaration switch | String exchange, String type
channel.
exchangeDeclare(
"topics",
"topic");
// Declare temporary queue
String
queueName
=
channel.
queueDeclare().
getQueue();
// Bind switches and queues | String queue, String exchange, String routingKey
channel.
queueBind(
queueName,
"topics",
"user.*");
// News consumption Parameters 2：true Automatic confirmation message false Manual confirmation message | String queue, boolean autoAck, Consumer callback
channel.
basicConsume(
queueName,
false,
new
DefaultConsumer(
channel) {
// Parameters body Is the message taken from the message queue
public
void
handleDelivery(
String
consumerTag,
Envelope
envelope,
AMQP.
BasicProperties
properties,
byte[]
body)
throws
IOException {
System.
out.
println(
"body = "
+
new
String(
body));
// Parameters 1： To confirm which message in the queue ( Message flags ) Parameters 2： Whether to enable multiple parameter confirmation at the same time | long deliveryTag, boolean multiple
channel.
basicAck(
envelope.
getDeliveryTag(),
false);
}
});
// channel.close();
// connection.close();
}
}
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- 45.
Develop consumers 2
public
class
Consumer2 {
// consumer
public
static
void
main(
String[]
args)
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
amqpConsumer();
}
static
void
amqpConsumer()
throws
IOException,
TimeoutException {
{
ConnectionFactory
connectionFactory
=
new
ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.
setHost(
"localhost");
connectionFactory.
setPort(
5672);
connectionFactory.
setUsername(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setPassword(
"guest");
connectionFactory.
setVirtualHost(
"/");
// Connection object
Connection
connection
=
connectionFactory.
newConnection();
// Create channels
Channel
channel
=
connection.
createChannel();
// You can only consume one message at a time
channel.
basicQos(
1);
// Declaration switch | String exchange, String type
channel.
exchangeDeclare(
"topics",
"topic");
// Declare temporary queue
String
queueName
=
channel.
queueDeclare().
getQueue();
// Bind switches and queues | String queue, String exchange, String routingKey
channel.
queueBind(
queueName,
"topics",
"user.#");
// News consumption Parameters 2：true Automatic confirmation message false Manual confirmation message | String queue, boolean autoAck, Consumer callback
channel.
basicConsume(
queueName,
false,
new
DefaultConsumer(
channel) {
// Parameters body Is the message taken from the message queue
public
void
handleDelivery(
String
consumerTag,
Envelope
envelope,
AMQP.
BasicProperties
properties,
byte[]
body)
throws
IOException {
System.
out.
println(
"body = "
+
new
String(
body));
// Parameters 1： To confirm which message in the queue ( Message flags ) Parameters 2： Whether to enable multiple parameter confirmation at the same time | long deliveryTag, boolean multiple
channel.
basicAck(
envelope.
getDeliveryTag(),
false);
}
});
// channel.close();
// connection.close();
}
}
}
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3.Springboot Integrate RabbitMq
3.1 pom.xml
<
dependency
>
<
groupId
>org.springframework.boot
</
groupId
>
<
artifactId
>spring-boot-starter-amqp
</
artifactId
>
</
dependency
>
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3.2 hello Example
(
classes
=
AmqpDemoApplication.
class)
public
class
MqBoot {
private
RabbitTemplate
rabbitTemplate;
// hello
public
void
hello() {
rabbitTemplate.
convertAndSend(
"hello",
" Hello rabbitmq");
}
}
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3.3 work Model
Test class
(
classes
=
AmqpDemoApplication.
class)
public
class
MqBoot {
private
RabbitTemplate
rabbitTemplate;
// worker Model , Default balanced consumption
public
void
worker() {
for (
int
i
=
0;
i
<
10;
i
++) {
rabbitTemplate.
convertAndSend(
"worker",
"worker Model "
+
i );
}
}
}
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WorkListener consumer
public
class
WorkListener {
(
queuesToDeclare
=
(
value
=
"worker"))
public
void
worker1(
String
msg) {
System.
out.
println(
"worker1 = "
+
msg);
}
(
queuesToDeclare
=
(
value
=
"worker"))
public
void
worker2(
String
msg) {
System.
out.
println(
"worker2 = "
+
msg);
}
}
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3.4 fanout Broadcast model
Test class
(
classes
=
AmqpDemoApplication.
class)
public
class
MqBoot {
private
RabbitTemplate
rabbitTemplate;
// radio broadcast fanout Pattern
public
void
fanout() {
rabbitTemplate.
convertAndSend(
"logs",
"",
"fanout Model ");
}
}
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FanoutListener consumer
public
class
FanoutListener {
(
bindings
= {
(
value
=
,
// Create a temporary queue
exchange
=
(
value
=
"logs",
type
=
"fanout")
// Binding switch
)
})
public
void
fanout1(
String
msg) {
System.
out.
println(
"fanout1 = "
+
msg);
}
(
bindings
= {
(
value
=
,
// Create a temporary queue
exchange
=
(
value
=
"logs",
type
=
"fanout")
// Binding switch
)
})
public
void
fanout2(
String
msg) {
System.
out.
println(
"fanout2 = "
+
msg);
}
}
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3.5 topic Subscription model
Test class
(
classes
=
AmqpDemoApplication.
class)
public
class
MqBoot {
private
RabbitTemplate
rabbitTemplate;
// subscribe topic Pattern Dynamic routing
public
void
topic() {
rabbitTemplate.
convertAndSend(
"topics",
"product.aa.bb.cc",
"topic Model ");
}
}
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- 12.
TopicListener consumer
public
class
TopicListener {
(
bindings
= {
(
value
=
,
// Create a temporary queue
exchange
=
(
value
=
"topics",
type
=
"topic"),
// Binding switch
key
= {
"user.save",
"user.*"}
)
})
public
void
topic1(
String
msg) {
System.
out.
println(
"topic1 = "
+
msg);
}
// * Match one ,# Match one or more
(
bindings
= {
(
value
=
,
// Create a temporary queue
exchange
=
(
value
=
"topics",
type
=
"topic"),
// Binding switch
key
= {
"order.#",
"product.#",
"user.*"}
)
})
public
void
topic2(
String
msg) {
System.
out.
println(
"topic2 = "
+
msg);
}
}
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4.Mq Application scenarios
4.1 Asynchronous processing
<font color=#b97e57> scene </font> ： After user registration , Usually send SMS verification code and registration email , There are two traditional approaches ：1. Serial mode 2. Parallel mode
- Serial mode
After writing the registration information to the database , Send registration email , Resend registration SMS , All the above three tasks are completed before returning to the client . There is a problem with this , mail , Texting is not necessary , It's just a notice , In fact, there is no need for the client to wait .
- Parallel mode
After writing the registration information to the database , While sending mail , Send a text message , After three tasks are completed , Return to the client , The parallel method can improve the processing time .
- Using message queuing
Suppose that three business nodes use 50ms, Serial usage time 150ms, Use time in parallel 100ms. Although parallelism has increased processing time , however , As I said before , Email and SMS have no impact on my normal use of the website , There is no need for the client Wait until the sending is completed before the registration is displayed , It should be written to the database and returned .
After using message queuing , Send email , SMS is not a necessary business logic asynchronous processing .
From this we can see that , After message queuing is introduced , The response time of the user is equal to the time of writing to the database + Time to write to message queue ( Negligible ), The response time is serial 3 times , It's parallel 2 times .
4.2 The application of decoupling
<font color=#b97e57> scene </font> ： double 11 Shopping Festival , After the user orders , Order system needs to inform inventory system , The traditional way is that the order system calls the interface of the inventory system .
There is a drawback to this approach ：
When the inventory system breaks down , The order will fail . High coupling between order system and inventory system .
Import message queue ：
- <font color=#b97e57> Order system </font>： After the user orders , Order system completes persistent processing , Write message to message queue , Return to the user that the order was placed successfully .
- <font color=#b97e57> inventory system </font>： Subscribe to the message of the order , Get the order message , Perform library operations . Even if the inventory system breaks down , Message queue can also ensure the reliable delivery of messages , Will not result in the loss of messages .
4.3 Flow peak elimination
<font color=#b97e57> scene </font> ： Seckill activity , Generally, it will be caused by excessive flow , Cause the app to hang up , Generally in The application front end joins the message queue
<font color=#b97e57> effect </font> ：
- Can control the number of activities , Orders that exceed the threshold are directly discarded ( This may also be the reason why I didn't succeed in a second kill , Ha ha ha )
- It can alleviate the application of high flow crush in a short time ( The application gets the order according to its maximum processing capacity )
<font color=#b97e57> Scene description </font>：
- User's request , When the server receives it , Write message queue first , The length of joining the message queue exceeds the threshold , Then discard the user request or jump to the error page
- Seckill service according to the request information in the message queue , Follow up
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