MSTP and eth trunk

Defects of single spanning tree
When the link is blocked, it will not carry any traffic , Cannot be in VLAN Load balancing between traffic , This results in a waste of bandwidth ; Lead to part VLAN The path is blocked ; Cause suboptimal path .

MSTP（ More trees ）

To make up for it STP and RSTP The defects of ,IEEE On 2002 Published in 802.1s The standard defines MSTP.MSTP compatible STP and RSTP, It can converge quickly , It also provides multiple redundant paths for data forwarding , In the process of data forwarding VLAN Data load balancing .

The concept of instance
according to vlan The number is 1-4094
The example is also 1-4094, The purpose is to prevent instances from crossing regions
priority + The method of instance number enables different instances to choose
Priority is 4096 Multiple , Because it is to make the instance + Priority cannot reach the next priority

Specific configuration
Plan first vlan
Next, configure the link type ,access/trunk
To configure STP（ Huawei equipment defaults to MSTP）
stp enable // Turn on STP, Default on
stp mode mstp // choice mstp
stp region-configuration // Get into mst Domain configuration
region-name aaa // Set domain name
instance 1 vlan 1 to 10 // take vlan1-10 Included in the instance 1
active region-configuration // Activate the configuration domain
stp instance 1 priority 0 // Set instance 1 The priority for 0

Eth-trunk

As the amount of business deployed in the network continues to grow , For full duplex point-to-point links , The bandwidth of a single physical link can no longer meet the normal traffic requirements . If the current interface board is replaced with an interface board with higher bandwidth , It will waste existing equipment resources , And the upgrade cost is high . If you increase the number of links between devices , When used as a layer 3 interface, you need to configure... On each interface IP Address , This leads to waste IP Address resources .

Eth-Trunk（ Link aggregation technology ） As a bundling Technology , Multiple independent physical interfaces can be bound together as a large bandwidth logical interface , In this way, there is no need to replace the interface board and no waste IP Address resources . In this course, we will introduce in detail Eth-Trunk technology .

Eth-Trunk Link aggregation mode ： Manual load sharing mode and LACP Pattern

LACP Pattern
Where to use ： Core layer and convergence layer

LACP Patterns are also called M:N Pattern , among M A link is active to forward data ,N Links are inactive as backup links .
Only when the active link fails , Only the backup link can be forwarded .

Load sharing

establish Eth-trunk technological process

Specific configuration
lacp priority 0 // Configure system priority
int Eth-Trunk1
description to-SW1-Eth-Trunk0 // Add port information description
mode lacp-static // choice lacp Static binding
load-balance src-dst-mac // Choose a load balancing method , The default is source IP
lacp priority 0 // Configure interface priority

int g0/0/0
description xxxx
eth-trunk 1 // Enter physical interface
lacp priority 0 // Configure interface priority

dis int eth-trunk 0 // View interface status

int eth-trunk0
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow pass vlan 10

Layer 2 switching network configuration sequence
eth-trunk
vlan
link-type
stp
vlanif

experiment

requirement
This experiment simulates the intranet redundant network environment , Complete the following requirements ：
1. As shown in the figure , Configure device name and IP Address .
2. stay SW1 And SW2 Configure link aggregation protocol LACP, Complete the following requirements ：
2.1 SW1 As the active end , Set the system priority to the highest .
2.2 eth-trunk The number of the link is 0
2.3 Use static lacp Link aggregation .
2.4 According to the source / Objective MAC Address load balancing .
2.5 Put the corresponding port into eth-turnk.
3. stay SW1/2/3/4 To create a vlan10 and vlan20, And complete the following requirements ：
3.1 The link between the four switches uses trunk Pattern , And only vlan10 and 20
3.2 Connect PC Link usage of access Pattern ,PC1 Belong to vlan10,PC2 Belong to vlan20.
3.3 SW1 To create a vlan10 Gateway for ,SW2 To create a vlan20 Gateway for ,IP The address is shown in the figure .
4. stay SW1/2/3/4 Running between MSTP, Complete the following requirements ：
4.1 To configure mstp The domain name is spoto
4.2 vlan10 It belongs to the example 1,vlan20 It belongs to the example 2.
4.3 Set up sw1 For instance 1 The root bridge of , The priority for 0; Set up sw2 For instance 1 Secondary root bridge of , The priority for 4096.
4.4 Set up sw2 For instance 2 The root bridge of , The priority for 0; Set up sw1 For instance 2 Secondary root bridge of , The priority for 4096.
4.5 SW3/4 Upper and PC The interconnection port is configured as an edge port .
4.6 Use display stp brief command , Observe the interface role and status of each switch , analysis vlan10 And vlan20 The flow direction of .
（ notes ： This experiment does not require vlan Can communicate between , If you want to finish vlan Inter communication can be configured by itself .）

Refer to the answer

1. As shown in the figure , Configure device name and IP Address .
A little

2. stay SW1 And SW2 Configure link aggregation protocol LACP, Complete the following requirements ：
2.1 SW1 As the active end , Set the system priority to the highest .
[SW1]lacp priority 0
2.2 eth-trunk The number of the link is 0
2.3 Use static lacp Link aggregation .
2.4 According to the source / Objective MAC Address load balancing .
2.5 Put the corresponding port into eth-turnk.
[SW1]int Eth-Trunk 0
[SW1-Eth-Trunk0]mode lacp-static
[SW1-Eth-Trunk0]load-balance src-dst-mac
[SW1-Eth-Trunk0]int g0/0/2
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]eth-trunk 0
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/3
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]eth-trunk 0

[SW2]int Eth-Trunk 0
[SW2-Eth-Trunk0]mode lacp-static
[SW2-Eth-Trunk0]load-balance src-dst-mac
[SW2-Eth-Trunk0]int g0/0/2
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]eth-trunk 0
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/3
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]eth-trunk 0

3. stay SW1/2/3/4 To create a vlan10 and vlan20, And complete the following requirements ：
   [SW1]vlan batch 10 20
   [SW2]vlan batch 10 20
   [SW3]vlan batch 10 20
   [SW4]vlan batch 10 20
   3.1 The link between the four switches uses trunk Pattern , And only vlan10 and 20
   [SW1]int Eth-Trunk 0
   [SW1-Eth-Trunk0]port link-type trunk
   [SW1-Eth-Trunk0]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
   [SW1]int g0/0/1
   [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk
   [SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20

[SW2]int Eth-Trunk 0
[SW2-Eth-Trunk0]port link-type trunk
[SW2-Eth-Trunk0]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
[SW2]int g0/0/1
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20

[SW3]int g0/0/1
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type trunk
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20

[SW4]int g0/0/1
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type trunk
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
3.2 Connect PC Link usage of access Pattern ,PC1 Belong to vlan10,PC2 Belong to vlan20.
[SW3]int g0/0/3
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 10

[SW4]int g0/0/3
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 20
3.3 SW1 To create a vlan10 Gateway for ,SW2 To create a vlan20 Gateway for ,IP The address is shown in the figure .
[SW1]int vlanif 10
[SW1-Vlanif10]ip add 192.168.1.254 24

[SW2]int vlanif 20
[SW2-Vlanif20]ip add 192.168.2.254 24

4. stay SW1/2/3/4 Running between MSTP, Complete the following requirements ：
   [SW1]stp mode mstp
   [SW2]stp mode mstp
   [SW3]stp mode mstp
   [SW4]stp mode mstp
   4.1 To configure mstp The domain name is spoto
   4.2 vlan10 It belongs to the example 1,vlan20 It belongs to the example 2.
   SW1/2/3/4:
   stp region-configuration
   region-name spoto
   instance 1 vlan 10
   instance 2 vlan 20
   active region-configuration
   4.3 Set up sw1 For instance 1 The root bridge of , The priority for 0; Set up sw2 For instance 1 Secondary root bridge of , The priority for 4096.
   [SW1]stp instance 1 priority 0
   [SW2]stp instance 1 priority 4096
   4.4 Set up sw2 For instance 2 The root bridge of , The priority for 0; Set up sw1 For instance 2 Secondary root bridge of , The priority for 4096.
   [SW1]stp instance 2 priority 4096
   [SW2]stp instance 2 priority 0
   4.5 SW3/4 Upper and PC The interconnection port is configured as an edge port .
   [SW3]int g0/0/3
   [SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]stp edged-port enable

[SW4]int g0/0/3
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]stp edged-port enable
4.6 Use display stp brief command , Observe the interface role and status of each switch , analysis vlan10 And vlan20 Of
Flow trend .
（ notes ： This experiment does not require vlan Can communicate between , If you want to finish vlan Inter communication can be configured by itself .）