In the age of screen reading, we suffer from attention deficit syndrome

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" evening , A living room . There's news or drama on TV , Acting as white noise . Everyone in the family brushes the news 、 Looking at Taobao 、 Small video , The child is not looking at the flat panel and watching the cartoon , And I was in the study to write the beginning of the delay , Headlines 、 Subscription number 、 The new information in the circle of friends is updated in real time , I might pick it up in a few minutes “ Review ” Again ……"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" It's my daily routine , It must be the daily life of many people . In the age of digital media , Material consumption to meet the needs of survival has only accounted for a small part of living consumption , And the information consumption that feeds the brain to satisfy mental pleasure begins to occupy more of our time ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/e3/e3a35be12f2af4e60898ee88b242aeb0.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" A few years ago , Known as the “ Internet Prophet ” Kevin of · Kelly has published another book with “ Technology prophecy ” Of color 《 necessarily 》, The fourth chapter of the book talks about a kind of “ necessarily ” The way of life to emerge —— Screen reading （Screening）. And most of us are becoming “ The people of screen reading ”."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" Screen reading era , The benefits of the information explosion , Nature is obvious . Compared with the lack of information , More information can make people who are originally closed to the world understand the changes that are taking place in the world , Share more rich experience . And those short videos can really bring rich emotions and happiness to the viewers , For all of us , What we ask for in our daily life is nothing but food and clothing ,“ The most important thing in life is to be happy ”？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" However , The negative effects of the explosion of information are also appearing . Besides satisfying the pleasure of shallow information acquisition , There is also a need to be able to read and learn in depth . But apparently , These fast food 、 High frequency 、 High emotional 、 Low logical content seems to be swallowing our limited attention and memory abilities . Most of us seem to be suffering from “ Attention deficit syndrome ”, The collective unconsciously plunges into the consumption wave of digital information ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" For many people , This is a “ It's not a problem ”, As long as it doesn't particularly affect life , It is estimated that very few people will put down their mobile phones . We talk about mobile phones （ Information ） The addiction to sugar and tobacco is almost the same as ours , Once this thing comes into the world , We can hardly get rid of ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" How much information addiction has on our attention , It can really be a piece of “ Look at for a long time but not to see anything ” What's going on ？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" Although many people have given up “ Treatment ”, But it must be noted that , We have kids , Their brains are not yet mature , Self control is worse , They are already indigenous people of the digital media age . If we don't pay enough attention to this matter , I'm afraid that in the future, we all have to be like children because today doesn't matter , And bear an irreparable price ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":" Stanford Research ： One brain has many uses , Attention loss , Memory loss "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"10 End of month ,Nature We published a research paper from Stanford University online Memory failure predicted by attention lapsing and media multitasking, Research has revealed that the processing of multiple media information tasks can lead to attention loss , And attention loss can affect memory ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/c4/c42bf6bbb6f03462d29bcf82d3ab94bf.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" According to a new study, researchers have found that , According to the changes of brain nerve activity and pupil size , It can predict the memory level of this person ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" In this experiment , Researchers recruited 80 Young people , Pass a picture recognition test , During the test, their brain wave activity and pupil diameter changes were recorded , The subjects' Attentional decline was assessed by combining the results of the subjects' test memory and the changes in these physical data ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/b8/b8c670ac84a87194908e9fade0811531.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"（d′ For discrimination （discriminability）,alpha power Represents the strength of the brain waves ,pupil variability Represents pupil changes ,CER Represents the rate of discrimination error ,RTV Represents a change in reaction time ）"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" Researchers found that , Increased brain waves and distraction in the posterior part of the skull 、 Mind wandering and so on , Pupillary constriction is associated with slower reaction time and easier distraction ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" then , The researchers also asked subjects to fill in the questionnaire , To understand the severity of their involvement in media multitasking 、 Whether there is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） Symptoms and impulsivity , And playing games ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" By comparison , The researchers found that , Those with lower sustained attention and more serious media multitasking performed worse on memory tasks . The reason the researchers speculate is , The attention mechanism of human brain is related to the ability of memory retrieval , Attention loss can lead to a decrease in neural signals associated with memory , Leading to forgetting . However, serious media multitasking frequently destroys the mechanism of sustained attention , This leads to memory loss ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" Although the researchers finally warned , This study only proves the correlation , Not causality , But we should not be able to find evidence that the two are irrelevant or opposite . If anyone can be interested in making one “ Media multitasking helps improve memory ” The conclusion of the experiment is , It is very likely that they will be followed and worshipped by all these Internet media ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" Now? , We should still believe in the results of this experiment , At the same time, reflect on your personal experience . Are we spending too much time and energy on screen reading , It leads to a lot of inattention 、 Distraction 、 Forgetfulness, etc ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" If we face this situation honestly , The next step is to ask what we should do ？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":" What can I do to save you , Our attention ？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" Solve this problem , We need to break the problem apart first . One fundamental problem is that we are entering the era of screen reading and the ubiquitous information deluge , Another problem is how to save our attention ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" According to the truth, we must first solve this fundamental problem in order to solve the following problems , But because of the difficulty , We might as well solve the technical problem of how to save attention ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" In a book that focuses on attention research 《 Attention curve 》 in , It establishes a correlation between human attention and external stimuli and adrenaline secretion in the human body ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/66/6698e238e69f4253ee00bee3347b4865.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" The book argues that , How much adrenaline is secreted , It determines that our external stimulation is to produce excitement , Or bored . Our response to this stimulus level , Determines the degree of our concentration . According to the relationship between stimulus level and attention , You can draw a line “ Attention curve ”."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" For most people , This attention curve is inverted U type , The horizontal axis represents our level of stimulation , The vertical axis represents our attention level . When the stimulus level is low , Our attention is also low , And as the level of stimulation increases , Our attention is also improving , But once the stimulus level continues to rise , Our attention drops at some point , Until zero ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" That is, in a state of boredom and in a state of high intensity emotion , We can't concentrate . Only when the stimulus level is neither very high nor very low , Human adrenaline secretion tends to a reasonable level , At this time, people are in the “ Optimal stimulus state ”, That is to say, to pour U The middle part of the type , People will be in the attention zone , Can be highly focused on things ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" Now? , The reason why it's hard for us to focus , It's the explosion of digital information , Make our psychological burden too heavy , Too much stimulation , It leads to excessive adrenaline secretion , And it makes the brain unable to concentrate ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" We want to be able to consciously enter the attention zone , There are some ways to do it ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" The first step , It is a person who needs to complete his own self-evaluation of his state , That is, we need to be aware of our present state , Know if you are in a state of boredom or stress . Self reflection and self observation are very powerful abilities of human beings , This is because the prefrontal lobe of the human brain can help us do a series of rehearsal and deductive work . Our ability to reason and analyze can help us calm down from fear and anxiety with high levels of stimulation , Analysis of the reasons why we are not in the zone ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" The second step , It's about controlling our attention . And this kind of control needs more to do with our emotions “ temperature ” To regulate . For tension 、 The irritation caused by anger is excessive , You need to do “ cool ” Handle , For example, you can use quiet observation 、 Meditation , Adjust breathing and so on , Lower your emotional value ; For boredom 、 Lack of stimulation such as listlessness , You need to do “ Heating up ” Handle , Can pass “ Cut off the power supply ”, It's for this distraction 、 To plan and time limit the act of meddling , Once it arrives , It's like finishing a task , Engage in work that needs to be focused . Allow boredom , But stop in time , It's possible to help you get from the boring area to the focus area ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" The third step , It's to stick to continuous attention . This is one of the most difficult human attention spans . It takes us a long time to train , Focus on a behavior , Forming the neuronal connections and muscle memories of the brain , In order to master this skill , In the process, you can pay attention to it continuously . In this state, we can be in musicians 、 Athletes and experts in various fields have seen ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" And these are more about how we get back to attention in our normal days , And some ways to develop sustained attention . But whether it can really be done , Be able to maintain good concentration in the era of digital media explosion , The key is how we see ourselves , And how to see the relationship between yourself and the screen reading age ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":" Screen reading era , Where are we going ？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" stay 《 necessarily 》 in , Kevin · Kelly is obviously full of longing for the coming screen reading era . As a man of the times , He was obviously very sorry for the passing of the paper age , But I appreciate the coming screen reading era . He pointed out that more people were reading and writing through the screen , But he also saw the flow of reading on the screen 、 Fragmentation and endless recommendations , It's breaking up reading , It's hard to get the depth of immersion that reading paper books can bring ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" Although we can see that Kevin Kelly has designed a lot of dazzling screen reading implementations and some benefits for the future , Like the omnipotent Library , But I think a lot of it is his wishful thinking ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/e0/e0dd259c99d144b47df54f0ea4438a79.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" If seen 《 Great transfer of knowledge 》 The words of this book , We'll get a new insight , Although almost any knowledge in the world can be found on the Internet or on a connected screen , But the most important thing is the people who use the network , He must have a certain amount of knowledge reserves and problem awareness ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" And for most people , They don't know what information they're looking for , What knowledge to learn . From the current situation , People will only build their own reading circle based on the recommendation of the algorithm and the sharing of similar relatives and friends , This is what we call “ information cocoons ”."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" Few people think like Kevin Kelly “ People and information ” The relationship between , Most people just passively accept the complicated information , Even if you have to pick and choose , I will also choose some that are in line with their own interests 、 It's easy to read . Even for US media people like me , Compared to studying specialized works , In my spare time, I also like to read and browse those movies and TV series that don't need to think about, and the relaxed graphic and text articles ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/e8/e8b240a1ce2aaf3f1666ce2460c479fd.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" therefore , On the question of finding attention , We have to answer this question , Who we are and what we want our children to be ？ How much time are we willing to pay attention to be like this ？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" Need to know , It takes a lot of energy to stay focused , And we're always getting fresh and interesting information 、 The distractions and distractions of trivia . This is almost inevitable in this era , But in the face of such an irreversible situation and the status quo of frequent failure , What we have to do , I'm afraid it's not self abandonment , Or ask yourself to set very strict standards , And it's often hard to last ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" What we can do is to build confidence in ourselves , According to what we want to achieve , Always working in this direction , As long as we realize we're entering “ a ” Or a state of distraction , Don't blame yourself , Follow the steps to regain attention , In the end, it is possible for us to achieve the goal that we need to work hard to achieve ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" It may be that as a we media person, we should be in the era of fragmented reading , Able to continue to provide some useful thinking “ Information ” The reason why the ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" Of course , If you really don't have the idea of getting attention , You can ignore this article . But if you don't want your child to be incompetent in the future for things that require a high degree of attention , I hope we still have to pay attention to this matter ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" Methods? ？ Then turn off the phone screen , Adjust your mood , Pick up a paper book and read it carefully ."}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}