常用sql语句整理：mysql

## 常用sql语句整理：mysql

1. 增

– 增加一张表 “` CREATE TABLE `table_name`( … )ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; “`

– 增加记录 “` INSERT INTO `your_table_name`(`column_name`) VALUES (‘your_value_one’), (‘your_value_two’); “`

– 增加字段 “` ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` ADD `your_column_name` … AFTER `column_name`; “`

– 增加索引 + 主键 “` ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` ADD PRIMARY KEY your_index_name(your_column_name); “` + 唯一索引 “` ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` ADD UNIQUE your_index_name(your_column_name); “` + 普通索引 “` ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` ADD INDEX your_index_name(your_column_name); “` + 全文索引 “` ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` ADD FULLTEXT your_index_name(your_column_name); “`

2. 删

– 逐行删除 “` DELETE FORM `table_name` WHERE …; “`

– 清空整张表 “` TRUNCATE TABLE `your_table_name`; “`

– 删除表 “` DROP TABLE `your_table_name`; “`

– 删除字段 “` ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` DROP `column_name`; “`

– 删除索引 “` ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` DROP INDEX your_index_name(your_column_name); “`

3. 改

– 变更数据 “` UPDATE `table_name` SET column_name=your_value WHERE …; “`

– 变更字段 “` ALTER TABLE `your_table_name` CHANGE `your_column_name` `your_column_name` …(变更); “`

– 变更字段值为另一张表的某个值 “` UPDATE `your_table_name` AS a JOIN `your_anther_table_name` AS b SET a.column = b.anther_column WHERE a.id = b.a_id…; “`

4. 查

– 普通查询 “` SELECT `column_name_one`, `column_name_two` FROM `table_name`; “`

– 关联查询 “` SELECT * FROM `your_table_name` AS a JOIN `your_anther_table_name` AS b WHERE a.column_name = b.column_name…; “`

– 合计函数条件查询：WHERE 关键字无法与合计函数一起使用 “` SELECT aggregate_function(column_name) FROM your_table_name GROUP BY column_name HAVING aggregate_function(column_name)…; “`

– 同一个实例下跨库查询 “` SELECT * FROM database_name.your_table_name AS a JOIN another_database_name.your_another_table_name AS b WHERE a.column_name = b.column_name…; “`

5. 复制一张表结构 “` CREATE TABLE `your_table_name` LIKE `destination_table_name`; “`

6. 完全复制一张表：表结构+全部数据 “` CREATE TABLE `your_table_name` LIKE `destination_table_name`;

INSERT INTO `your_table_name` SELECT * FROM `destination_table_name`; “`

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### 附录：mysql常用命令 – 登陆： mysql -h host -u username -p – 列出数据库：SHOW DATABESES; – 列出表:SHOW TABLES; – 列出表结构:DESC table_name – 使用一个数据库：USE database_name; – 导入：source ‘file’; – 导出：mysqldump -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p “database_name” “table_name” –where=”condition” > file_name.sql; – 查看慢日志：mysqldumpslow -s [c:按记录次数排序/t:时间/l:锁定时间/r:返回的记录数] -t [n:前n条数据] -g “正则”　/path – 新增用户： insert into `user`(`Host`, `User`, `authentication_string`) value(‘localhost’, ‘username’, password(‘pwd’))

### mysql 5.7 新增用户

“` // 插入新用户 insert into mysql.user(Host, User, authentication_string, ssl_cipher, x509_issuer, x509_subject value(‘localhost’, ‘username’, password(‘password’), ”, ”, ”);

// 数据库授权 grant all privileges on dbname.name.* to [email protected] identified by ‘password’;

// 刷新权限信息 FLUSH PRIVILEGES; “`

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