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从Dijkstra的图灵奖演讲论科技创业者特点
2022-07-05 05:28:00 【苹果二】
目录
各位读者,看到Dijkstra,是否觉得特别熟悉?是不是想到了Dijkstra最短路径,GOTO有害论,信号量和PV原语,银行家算法,哲学家就餐问题?今天从谦卑的程序员谈起,和科技创业者聊聊,一起思考谦卑如何让我们做好科技创业工作。
图片来源:The humble programmer | ACM Turing award lectures
也可以访问
E.W.Dijkstra Archive: The Humble Programmer (EWD 340)
1 The Humble Programmer
图灵奖获得者荷兰计算机学家Edsger Wybe Dijkstra在1972年8月14日的获奖演说“谦卑的程序员”(The Humble Programmer)中,探讨了程序员心理与计算机编程之间的关系。 Dijkstra一直强调,编程的本质任务就是驾驭计算机科学的极端复杂性。他认为编程是唯一要求掌握最底层到最高层的9个数量级上细节差异的人类活动。演说中他肯定了Fortran,Algol, LISP等语言,而对于PL/I,他认为是失败的。他在演说中强调如何建立可靠的软件,如何在编程时就尽力避免引入错误,而不是以后再去消除错误,这不单是具有技术上的意义,而且在经济上十分重要。狄克斯特拉的上述观点赢得了愈来愈多的人的理解和支持。在五十年后的今天,很多见解仍然是真知灼见。
图片来源:Edsger Dijkstra quote: The competent programmer is fully aware of the strictly limited...
Dijkstra因为最早指出“goto是有害的”以及首创结构化程序设计而闻名于世。他对计算机科学的贡献非常广泛,在程序设计技术、算法和算法理论、编译器和操作系统诸多方面都有很多创造。他发表的题为“智力低下的程序员”(The Humble Programmer)的图灵奖演说,刊于Communicationof ACM,1973年10月,859~866页。也可见于《前20年的ACM图灵奖演说集》(ACM Turing Award Lectures-The First 20 Years:1966-1985, ACMPr.)17~32页。
下面是重要的一些言论。
Those who want really reliable software will discover that they must find a means of avoiding the majority of bugs to start with, and as a result the programming process will become cheaper.
We should confine ourselves to intellectually manageable programs.
We must not forget that it is not our business to make programs; it is our business to design classes of computations that will display a desired behaviour.
It is a usual technique to make a program and then to test it. But: program testing can be a very effective way to show the presence of bugs, but it is hopelessly inadequate for showing their absence.
The competent programmer is fully aware of the strictly limited size of his own skull; therefore he approaches the programming task in full humility, and among other things he avoids clever tricks like the plague.
The question: "Can you code this in less symbols?" or, "Guess what it does?" - as if this were of any conceptual relevance!
As long as machines were the largest item in the budget, the programming profession could get away with its clumsy techniques.
As a result of a long sequence of coincidences I entered the programming profession officially on the first spring morning of 1952, and as far as I have been able to trace, I was the first Dutchman to do so in my country.
We must be very careful when we give advice to younger people: sometimes they follow it!
The major cause [of the software crisis] is that the machines have become several orders of magnitude more powerful! To put it quite bluntly: as long as there were no machines, programming was no problem at all; when we had a few weak computers, programming became a mild problem, and now we have gigantic computers, programming has become an equally gigantic problem. In this sense the electronic industry has not solved a single problem, it has only created them, it has created the problem of using its products.
FORTRAN's tragic fate has been its wide acceptance, mentally chaining thousands and thousands of programmers to our past mistakes.
LISP has been jokingly described as "the most intelligent way to misuse a computer". I think that description a great compliment because it transmits the full flavor of liberation: it has assisted a number of our most gifted fellow humans in thinking previously impossible thoughts.
When FORTRAN has been called an infantile disorder, full PL/1, with its growth characteristics of a dangerous tumor, could turn out to be a fatal disease.
If you want more effective programmers, you will discover that they should not waste their time debugging, they should not introduce the bugs to start with.
Program testing can be a very effective way to show the presence of bugs, but it is hopelessly inadequate for showing their absence.
Compare more succinct phrasings cited above.
The effective exploitation of his powers of abstraction must be regarded as one of the most vital activities of a competent programmer.
2 科技创业者特点
关于技术人创业,我曾写过
【脑洞大开】什么样的程序员适合创业?_苹果二的博客-CSDN博客
关于寻找怎样的技术人才,我写过 【脑洞大开】创业的知识型企业如何招贤纳士?_苹果二的博客-CSDN博客。
观察对比身边成功和失败两类科技创业工作者,我有以下一些体会,供大家参考。
- 不满足于做出东西的快感,而是考虑作品如何带来真正的价值,如何帮助到真正需要的企业和人们。
图片来源:Value Equation | University of Utah Health
- 不要只满足于技术层面的实现,要把产品理念和服务理念写到灵魂里去。
图片来源:Service Word Written By 3d Man Stock Photo | Royalty-Free | FreeImages
- 把做技术的荣耀放在脑后吧,如果作品卖不出去,只是一堆无用的废物。学会去销售自己,学会注重市场和销售。
- 如果没有足够的商业和管理能力自己折腾,还是打工被人养吧,因为总会有人会养技术的。
图片来源:Quotes Making Mistakes At Work. QuotesGram
图片来源:Creating Value For Customers – The Good and The Bad
愿大家不断努力,做出作品,持续创造价值。
我自己是技术开发和技术管理出身,在折腾和探索中持续思考和确定创业创新的方向,欢迎大家留言交流。
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