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如何用MOS管来实现电源防反接电路
2022-07-04 07:28:00 【树卡花】
在接电源到板子的时候,如果一个疏忽接反了,极有可能烧毁芯片或器件,所以需要设计防反接的电路。本文就介绍如何用MOS管来实现电源防反接电路。
使用PMOS或者NMOS都是可以的,下面先来看一下PMOS怎么实现。
如图所示,MOS管G极接地,D极为VBAT,续流二极管导通,使得S极为VBAT-0.7V左右,Vgs<Vgs(th),MOS管导通,之后DS相当于直连,二极管不再起作用,S极的电压也基本上是VBAT。

如果电源反接,G极的电压为VBAT,如果是阻性或感性负载,S极的电压也为VBAT,Vgs>Vgs(th),MOS管不导通,电路不工作。如果是容性负载,电路断路,Vgs>Vgs(th)(这里S极的状态怎么确定我不清楚,只知道不可能大于G极,求小伙伴解答),同样MOS管没法导通。

这里MOS管的DS极不可以对调,否则反接的时候D极电压会大于S极使得续流二极管导通。
如果使用NMOS,需要将MOS管接到电路下边,如下图所示。

正常情况下,G极为VBAT,如果是阻性或感性负载,S极的电压大于D极,续流二极管导通,进而拉低S极的电压,Vgs>Vgs(th),MOS管导通。容性负载直接G极电压高于S极,MOS管导通。
如果电源反接,G极电压为0V,正常情况下无论如何都不会大于S极的电压,所以MOS管不会导通,电路不工作。

同样,这里MOS管的DS极不可以对调,否则反接的时候S极电压会大于D极使得续流二极管导通。
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