登录连接 CDB 和 PDB

[email protected]> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/oradata/ORCL/system01.dbf
/oradata/ORCL/sysaux01.dbf
/oradata/ORCL/undotbs01.dbf
/oradata/ORCL/pdbseed/system01.dbf
/oradata/ORCL/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
/oradata/ORCL/users01.dbf
/oradata/ORCL/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf

7 rows selected.

[email protected]> show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
[email protected]>

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1 连接 CDB 和 PDB

1.1 设置 ORACLE_SID
配置 ORACLE_SID,使用 OS 验证连接 cdb1
[[email protected]:/home/oracle]$ export ORACLE_SID=cdb1
[[email protected]:/home/oracle]$ echo $ORACLE_SID

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1.2 连接多租户数据库 cdb1

设置了 ORACLE_SID 环境变量后，直接使用 sqlplus 本地操作系统认证登录

[[email protected]:/home/oracle]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

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dbca 建库后， tnsnames.ora 中已经增加了 ORCL
[[email protected]:/home/oracle]$ cat $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER_ORCL =
  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orcl19C)(PORT = 1521))


ORCL =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orcl19C)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

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使用 tnsnames 服务名登录

[[email protected]:/home/oracle]$ sqlplus sys/[email protected] as sysdba

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1.3 查看数据库是否是多租户数据库

[email protected]> select name,cdb from v$database;

NAME      CDB
--------- ---
ORCL      YES

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1.4 查看当前连接的容器

[email protected]>  show con_name

CON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT
[email protected]> show con_id

CON_ID
------------------------------
1

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1.5 查看可插拔数据库 pdb 状态

[email protected]> select name,con_id,open_mode from v$pdbs;

NAME                               CON_ID OPEN_MODE
------------------------------ ---------- ----------
PDB$SEED                                2 READ ONLY

[email protected]> show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO

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1.6 连接到可插拔数据库 pdb

方法一:alter session set container
[email protected]> alter session set container=pdb1;
[email protected]> show con_name

方法二:使用服务名连接
查看 pdb1 服务名
[email protected]> select name,con_id from v$services;
ezconnect 方式
使用 ezconnect 的方式，明确指定主机名（ip 地址）、端口号、服务名
[[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus sys/[email protected]:1521/pdb1 as sysdba

配置 tnsnames.ora 增加 pdb1
编写客户端网络配置文件 tnsnames.ora，增加 pdb1 的配置
[[email protected] ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
[[email protected] admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora
pdb1 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orcl19C)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )
  
sqlplus 通过服务名连接 pdb1
[[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus sys/[email protected] as sysdba
[email protected]> show con_name
[email protected]> show pdbs

cdb 使用 connect 命令切换到 pdb
查看当前容器
[email protected]> show pdbs
sqlplus 中使用 connect 命令直接切换到 pdb1
[email protected]> conn sys/[email protected] as sysdba
[email protected]> show pdbs

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1.7 pdb 切换回 cdb

1.7.1 方法一:alter session set container
[email protected]> alter session set container=cdb$root;
[email protected]> show pdbs

建议通过服务名的方式切换或连接
[email protected]> conn sys/[email protected] as sysdba

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