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RC振荡器和晶体振荡器简介
2022-07-06 18:28:00 【Sup_lz】
RC振荡器和晶体振荡器简介
振荡器(oscillator)是一种能量装换装置——将直流电能转换为具有一定频率的交流电能。这里介绍两种常见的振荡器:RC振荡器和晶体振荡器。
RC振荡器(Resistance & Capacitance)
在振荡电路中的频率选择部分可以只用电阻(resistance)和电容(capacitance)构成。这种只用电阻和电容构成的振荡器称为RC振荡器。
优点:
实现成本较低,毕竟就是一个电阻电容。
缺点:
由于电阻电容的精度问题所以RC振荡器的振荡频率会有误差,同时受到温度、湿度的影响。这个跟元器件的工艺有关。
晶体振荡器(晶振)
只要在晶体板级上施加交变电压,就会是晶片产生机械变形振动,此现象即所谓逆压电效应。当外加电压频率等于晶体谐振器的固有频率时,就会发生压电谐振,从而导致机械变形的振幅突然增大。
优点:
一般而言,晶振的振荡频率比较稳定。
缺点:
价格稍微高点,还有用晶体振荡器一般还要接两个15-33pF起振电容。
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