PostgreSQL基本结构——表

如何在PostgreSQL中执行等效于Oracle DESCRIBE TABLE的命令（使用psql命令）？

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#1楼

DESCRIBE TABLE的psql等效项是\\d table 。

有关更多详细信息，请参见PostgreSQL手册的psql部分。

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#2楼

您可以使用psql斜杠命令执行此操作：

 \d myTable describe table

它也适用于其他对象：

 \d myView describe view \d myIndex describe index \d mySequence describe sequence

资料来源： faqs.org

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#3楼

试试看（在psql命令行工具中）：

\d+ tablename

有关更多信息，请参见手册 。

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#4楼

除了PostgreSQL方式（\\ d'something'或\\ dt'table'或\\ ds'sequence'等）

SQL标准的方式，如图所示在这里 ：

select column_name, data_type, character_maximum_lengthfrom INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS where table_name = '<name of table>';

许多数据库引擎都支持它。

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#5楼

如果要从查询而不是psql获取它，则可以查询目录架构。 这是一个执行此操作的复杂查询：

SELECT      f.attnum AS number,      f.attname AS name,      f.attnum,      f.attnotnull AS notnull,      pg_catalog.format_type(f.atttypid,f.atttypmod) AS type,      CASE          WHEN p.contype = 'p' THEN 't'          ELSE 'f'      END AS primarykey,      CASE          WHEN p.contype = 'u' THEN 't'          ELSE 'f'    END AS uniquekey,    CASE        WHEN p.contype = 'f' THEN g.relname    END AS foreignkey,    CASE        WHEN p.contype = 'f' THEN p.confkey    END AS foreignkey_fieldnum,    CASE        WHEN p.contype = 'f' THEN g.relname    END AS foreignkey,    CASE        WHEN p.contype = 'f' THEN p.conkey    END AS foreignkey_connnum,    CASE        WHEN f.atthasdef = 't' THEN d.adsrc    END AS defaultFROM pg_attribute f      JOIN pg_class c ON c.oid = f.attrelid      JOIN pg_type t ON t.oid = f.atttypid      LEFT JOIN pg_attrdef d ON d.adrelid = c.oid AND d.adnum = f.attnum      LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace      LEFT JOIN pg_constraint p ON p.conrelid = c.oid AND f.attnum = ANY (p.conkey)      LEFT JOIN pg_class AS g ON p.confrelid = g.oid  WHERE c.relkind = 'r'::char      AND n.nspname = '%s'  -- Replace with Schema name      AND c.relname = '%s'  -- Replace with table name      AND f.attnum > 0 ORDER BY number;

它非常复杂，但是它确实向您展示了PostgreSQL系统目录的功能和灵活性，并且应该使您逐渐掌握pg_catalog ;-)。 确保更改查询中的％s。 第一个是模式，第二个是表名。

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#6楼

您可以使用星号 \\d *search pattern *来查找与您感兴趣的搜索模式匹配的表。

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#7楼

您可以使用：

SELECT attname FROM pg_attribute,pg_class WHERE attrelid=pg_class.oid AND relname='TableName' AND attstattarget <>0; 

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#8楼

除了已经找到的命令行\\d+ <table_name> ，您还可以使用info -schema通过info_schema.columns查找信息。

SELECT *FROM info_schema.columnsWHERE table_schema = 'your_schema'AND table_name   = 'your_table'

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#9楼

使用以下SQL语句

SELECT DATA_TYPE FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE table_name = 'tbl_name' AND COLUMN_NAME = 'col_name'

如果替换tbl_name和col_name，它将显示您要查找的特定列的数据类型。

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#10楼

您也可以使用以下查询进行检查

Select * from schema_name.table_name limit 0;

示例：我的表有2列名称和密码。 提供以下屏幕截图。

*使用PG admin3

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#11楼

Use this command \d table namelike \d queuerecords             Table "public.queuerecords"  Column   |            Type             | Modifiers-----------+-----------------------------+----------- id        | uuid                        | not null endtime   | timestamp without time zone | payload   | text                        | queueid   | text                        | starttime | timestamp without time zone | status    | text                        |

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#12楼

描述表的最佳方法，例如列，类型，列的修饰符等。

\d+ tablename or \d tablename

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#13楼

/ dt是逗号，它列出了数据库中存在的所有表。 使用
/ d命令和/ d +我们可以获取表的详细信息。 该系统将像
* / d table_name（或）\\ d + table_name

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#14楼

查询的这种变化（如其他答案所述）对我有用。

SELECT COLUMN_NAMEFROM information_schema.COLUMNSWHERE TABLE_NAME = 'city';

此处详细介绍： http : //www.postgresqltutorial.com/postgresql-describe-table/

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#15楼

我为获取表模式制定了以下脚本。

'CREATE TABLE ' || 'yourschema.yourtable' || E'\n(\n' ||array_to_string(array_agg('    ' || column_expr), E',\n') || E'\n);\n'from(SELECT '    ' || column_name || ' ' || data_type || coalesce('(' || character_maximum_length || ')', '') || case when is_nullable = 'YES' then ' NULL' else ' NOT NULL' end as column_exprFROM information_schema.columnsWHERE table_schema || '.' || table_name = 'yourschema.yourtable'ORDER BY ordinal_position) column_list;

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#16楼

在MySQL中 ，DESCRIBE table_name

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在PostgreSQL中 ，\\ d table_name

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或者，您可以使用以下长命令：

SELECT        a.attname AS Field,        t.typname || '(' || a.atttypmod || ')' AS Type,        CASE WHEN a.attnotnull = 't' THEN 'YES' ELSE 'NO' END AS Null,        CASE WHEN r.contype = 'p' THEN 'PRI' ELSE '' END AS Key,        (SELECT substring(pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid), '\'(.*)\'')                FROM                        pg_catalog.pg_attrdef d                WHERE                        d.adrelid = a.attrelid                        AND d.adnum = a.attnum                        AND a.atthasdef) AS Default,        '' as ExtrasFROM        pg_class c         JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = c.oid        JOIN pg_type t ON a.atttypid = t.oid        LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_constraint r ON c.oid = r.conrelid                 AND r.conname = a.attnameWHERE        c.relname = 'tablename'        AND a.attnum > 0ORDER BY a.attnum

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#17楼

In postgres \d is used to describe the table structure.e.g. \d schema_name.table_name;this command will provide you the basic info of table such as, columns, type and modifiers.If you want more info about table use\d+ schema_name.table_name;this will give you extra info such as, storage, stats target and description

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#18楼

为了改进另一个答案的SQL查询（很棒！），这是一个经过修改的查询。 它还包括约束名称，继承信息以及分解为组成部分的数据类型（类型，长度，精度，小数位数）。 它还过滤掉已删除的列（数据库中仍然存在）。

SELECT    n.nspname as schema,    c.relname as table,    f.attname as column,      f.attnum as column_id,      f.attnotnull as not_null,    f.attislocal not_inherited,    f.attinhcount inheritance_count,    pg_catalog.format_type(f.atttypid,f.atttypmod) AS data_type_full,    t.typname AS data_type_name,    CASE          WHEN f.atttypmod >= 0 AND t.typname <> 'numeric'THEN (f.atttypmod - 4) --first 4 bytes are for storing actual length of data    END AS data_type_length,     CASE          WHEN t.typname = 'numeric' THEN (((f.atttypmod - 4) >> 16) & 65535)    END AS numeric_precision,       CASE          WHEN t.typname = 'numeric' THEN ((f.atttypmod - 4)& 65535 )    END AS numeric_scale,           CASE          WHEN p.contype = 'p' THEN 't'          ELSE 'f'      END AS is_primary_key,      CASE        WHEN p.contype = 'p' THEN p.conname    END AS primary_key_name,    CASE          WHEN p.contype = 'u' THEN 't'          ELSE 'f'    END AS is_unique_key,    CASE        WHEN p.contype = 'u' THEN p.conname    END AS unique_key_name,    CASE        WHEN p.contype = 'f' THEN 't'        ELSE 'f'    END AS is_foreign_key,    CASE        WHEN p.contype = 'f' THEN p.conname    END AS foreignkey_name,    CASE        WHEN p.contype = 'f' THEN p.confkey    END AS foreign_key_columnid,    CASE        WHEN p.contype = 'f' THEN g.relname    END AS foreign_key_table,    CASE        WHEN p.contype = 'f' THEN p.conkey    END AS foreign_key_local_column_id,    CASE        WHEN f.atthasdef = 't' THEN d.adsrc    END AS default_valueFROM pg_attribute f      JOIN pg_class c ON c.oid = f.attrelid      JOIN pg_type t ON t.oid = f.atttypid      LEFT JOIN pg_attrdef d ON d.adrelid = c.oid AND d.adnum = f.attnum      LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace      LEFT JOIN pg_constraint p ON p.conrelid = c.oid AND f.attnum = ANY (p.conkey)      LEFT JOIN pg_class AS g ON p.confrelid = g.oid  WHERE c.relkind = 'r'::char      AND f.attisdropped = false    AND n.nspname = '%s'  -- Replace with Schema name      AND c.relname = '%s'  -- Replace with table name      AND f.attnum > 0 ORDER BY f.attnum;

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#19楼

这应该是解决方案：

SELECT * FROM information_schema.columnsWHERE table_schema = 'your_schema'   AND table_name   = 'your_table'