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vi Editor yes Linux and Unix The most basic Text editor , Working in character In mode . Because you don't need a graphical interface ,vi It's a very efficient text editor . Although in Linux There are also many graphical interface editors available on , but vi In the system and Server management The functions in are those Graphic editor Incomparable .

vi Editor It is often referred to as vi, and vi again “Visual interface” For short . It's in Linux Status in the world is like Edit The program is in DOS It's the same . It can perform output 、 Delete 、 lookup 、 Replace 、 Block operations and many other text operations , And users can customize it according to their own needs , This is the other Edit the program Not available .

vi The editor is not a typesetting Program , It is not like Word or WPS That way, it's possible to 、 Format 、 Arrange paragraphs and other attributes , It's just a text editor . No menu , Only the command , And there are many orders .vi Yes 3 Basic working mode ： Command line mode 、 Text input mode and last line mode .

Vim yes vi The enhanced , Than vi Easier to use .vi Almost all of your commands can be found in vim Upper use .

2、vi Working mode

vi There are three basic modes of work ： Command mode 、 Text input mode 、 Last row mode .

vi Working mode

2.1、 Command mode

anytime , No matter what mode the user is in , Just press ESC key , Can make Vi Enter command mode ; We are shell Environmental Science ( The prompt is $) Lower input start Vi command , When you enter the editor , Also in this mode . In this mode , Users can enter all kinds of legal Vi command , For managing your own documents . Any character entered from the keyboard is interpreted as an edit command , If the input character is legal Vi command , be Vi After receiving the user's command, complete the corresponding action . But it should be noted that , The command entered is not displayed on the screen . If the input character is not Vi The legal order of ,Vi Will ring the alarm .

2.2、 Edit mode

Enter the insert command in command mode i( Insert current position )、a( Insert at the next position after the current position ) 、o( Insert... In the next line ) You can enter text input mode . In this mode , Any character entered by the user is vi Save it as file content , And show it on the screen . In the process of text input , If you want to go back to command mode , Key ESC that will do .

2.3、 Last row mode

In command mode , User presses “:” Key to enter the last line mode , here Vi In the last line of the display window ( It's usually the last line of the screen ) Display a “:” As a prompt for the last line mode , Wait for the user to enter the command . Most file management commands are executed in this mode ( Write the contents of the edit buffer to a file ). After the last command is executed ,Vi Automatically return to command mode .
If you want to change from command mode to edit mode , You can type commands a perhaps i; If you need to return from text mode , Then press Esc Press the key . Enter... In command mode “:” You can switch to the last line mode , Then type the command .

3、vi Basic manipulation

3.1、 Enter edit mode

command	meaning
i and I	i Insert... In front of the cursor ,I Insert at the beginning of line
a and A	a Insert... After the cursor ,A Insert at end of line
o and O	o Insert... On the next line below the line where the cursor is located ,O Insert... On the line where the cursor is located

3.2、 Move the cursor

command	meaning
h	Move the cursor to the left
j	Cursor down
k	Move the cursor up
l	Move the cursor to the right
H、M、L	The cursor moves to the first line of the visible screen (H)、 Middle row (M)、 The last line (L)
^ and $	^ Move to beginning of line ,$ Move to the end of the line
G and gg	G The last line of the document ,gg The first line of the document
ctrl+f、ctrl+b	Flip the screen forward 、 Flip the screen back
ctrl+d、ctrl+u	Forward half 、 Half back
{ and }	{ Move up a section ,} Move back a bit
w and b	Move a word forward , Move a word back

3.3、 The delete command

command	meaning
X and x	x Delete the character after the cursor ,X Delete the character before the cursor , Contains cursor position characters
dd and n dd	dd Delete the line ,5 dd Delete the specified number of rows
d0 and D	d0 Delete all the contents of the line before the cursor ,D Delete all the contents of the line after the cursor is deleted , Contains cursor position characters
dw	Delete the word where the cursor is located , Contains the characters of the position of the light table

3.4、 Revocation order

command	meaning
u	Undo step by step
ctrl + r	Counter cancellation

3.5、 Repeat the order

command	meaning
.	Repeat the command of the last operation

3.6、 Copy and paste

command	meaning
yy	and n yy and y$ y^ yy Copy the current row ,5 yy Copy 5 That's ok
p	Paste a new line down at the cursor

3.7、 Select text

command	meaning
v and V	v Select a single character ,V Select entire line
<< and >>	After selecting the text , Indent left , Indent right

3.8、 Search and replace

command	meaning
In command mode ,r and R	r Replace the current character ,R Replace the character after the cursor
In last line mode ,/ + str	n Find the next one ,N Find the previous
In last line mode ,%s/abc/123/g	Put all the abc Replace with 123
In last line mode ,1, 10s/abc/123/g	Put the first line to 10 Between lines abc Replace with 123