[batch dos-cmd command - summary and summary] - string search, search, and filter commands (find, findstr), and the difference and discrimination between find and findstr

One 、find command

1.1 Print find Command help information

Carry out orders 【find /?】.

C:\Users\Administrator>find /?
 Search for strings in files .

FIND [/V] [/C] [/N] [/I] [/OFF[LINE]] "string" [[drive:][path]filename[ ...]]

  /V          Displays all lines that do not contain the specified string .
  /C          Show only the number of lines that contain the string .
  /N          According to the line Numbers .
  /I          Ignore case when searching for Strings .
  /OFF[LINE]  Don't skip files with offline property sets .
  "string"  Specifies the text string to search for .
  [drive:][path]filename
              Specify the files to search for .

 If no path is specified ,FIND  Type the search at the prompt 
 Or text generated by another command .

1.2 Field string and filepath The grammar of

find The command does not recognize carriage return . When using find When searching for text in a file containing a carriage return , The search string must be limited to text that can be found between carriage returns , That is, a string that cannot be interrupted by a carriage return . for example ,“tax” And “file” When a carriage return occurs between ,find No report found “tax file” character string . let me put it another way ,find Only for strings on the same line , Cannot find character blocks that cross lines .

To find a string that encloses text in quotation marks , You must first enclose the entire string in quotation marks . secondly , Each quotation mark contained in the string must be enclosed by two double quotation marks . To be in Report.doc Search for 【abc"def"gh】, Please type the ：

find "abc""def""gh" report.doc

If you want to filter by multiple criteria , Find both strings in the text file A It also includes string B The line of , With the help of pipe symbols , For details, see 1.8 Section .

Field string Wildcard characters are not supported , If you want to search including strings A Or a string B The line of , Can use for command .

for %f in (abc def) do find "%f" test.txt

Field filepath Support for wildcards , As for why some online articles say they don't support , Need to match for Command statements use , I'm not sure , Probably because cmd The reason of version iteration ！

See 1.3.2 Section view fields filepath Wildcard usage of . 

1.3 Basic usage ：find "string" filepath
 

  In a text file , Or search for information on the line of a string in a pile of text files .

1.3.1 Find English characters in a single file

for example , lookup tool.txt There is a string in the text file 【AA】 The line of .

  Carry out orders 【find "AA" tool.txt】, The results are shown below （ If there is Chinese in the text file , You need an order chcp 65001 First switch to utf8 code , Otherwise, the result shows garbled ）.

1.3.2 Find Chinese characters in multiple files  

Before deciding to find Chinese characters , Be sure to use chcp 65001 Turn on utf8 code , Otherwise you won't be able to search .

command  find Of string Field does not support wildcards , That is, if 【find "A?" tool.txt】, Finally, it will not show any lines with "A?", Because the question mark is treated as a common question mark .

however filepath Fields support wildcards , That is, if  【find " Towards " tool*.txt】, Finally, all tool Named at the beginning txt file .

1.4 Case insensitive —— Parameters /i

The default is case sensitive , When adding parameters /i Then there is no distinction .

on top 1.2 Section based on the text file , Carry out orders 【find /i "aa" "tool?.txt"】, give the result as follows .

Parameters /i It can be matched with any other parameters , There will be no logical contradictions and conflicts .

1.5 Search for lines that do not include the specified string —— Parameters /v

The default search includes the lines of the specified string , When adding parameters /v Then reverse search .

on top 1.2 Section based on the text file , Carry out orders 【find /v "AA" "tool.txt"】, give the result as follows .

Parameters /v It can be matched with any other parameters , There will be no logical contradictions and conflicts .

1.6 Add line label —— Parameters /n

No label by default , Only the text content of the line is displayed , When adding parameters /n Then additional label （ Not just labels ）.

on top 1.2 Section based on the text file , Carry out orders 【find /n "AA" "tool.txt"】, give the result as follows .

  Parameters /n It can be matched with any other parameters , There will be no logical contradictions and conflicts .

1.7 Show only the number of target rows —— Parameters /c

By default, only the text content of the line is displayed , When adding parameters /c After that, only the number of lines with strings is displayed .

c yes count Abbreviation , To count .

on top 1.2 Section based on the text file , Carry out orders 【find /c "AA" "tool.txt"】, give the result as follows .

Parameters /c In addition to and parameters /n contradiction , Nothing else is contradictory . If some people add these two parameters when writing , Whatever the order , Finally, there are only parameters /c Will take effect .

Help information on parameters /c There is something wrong with the description of , More accurately, it should be 【 Show only the number of rows 】, Because it can be compared with parameters /v Together , Express 【 Show only the number of lines that do not include strings 】, perform 【find /c /v "AA" "tool.txt"】 The results are as follows .

1.8 Cooperate with pipeline command （ Pipe, ） Use

The output result of the statement on the left of the pipe character , Will be input to the statement on the right .

find It supports the use with pipe symbols , If the right side of the pipe symbol is find sentence , Then the output string text on the left will be used as the right find Statement's lookup object .

find "abc" test.txt | find "xyz"

The above sentence means test.txt Find the string that exists at the same time abc And string xyz The line of , I.e. implementation Multiple filtration .

1.9 Search the online typing string as a real-time filter

About real-time filters , stay 1.1 The help information printed in the section is as follows ↓↓↓↓

If no path is specified ,FIND Text typed at the prompt or generated by another command will be searched .

in other words , Do not give text file path 、 Nor is it connected to the end of the pipe symbol , You can only use the keyboard to input the string line in real time .

Carry out orders 【find "abc"】, The cursor flashes at the head end . 

Hit any one without abc Character serial ——【123456789】, And then go back .

Playing a game with abc Character serial ——【I miss you, abc!】, And then go back .

You can find , This line of string is output intact , That means it passed “ A severe test ”, Ha ha ha ha ...

After entering , How to exit the filter ？ Use shortcut keys 【ctrl+c】, command 【exit】 Can't quit .

Two 、findstr command

findstr Command is better than find Commands are even stronger , Because it also supports regular expressions , It can be called “ The strong among the strong ”.

2.1 Print findstr Command help information

C:\Users\Administrator>findstr /?
 Looking for strings in a file .

FINDSTR [/B] [/E] [/L] [/R] [/S] [/I] [/X] [/V] [/N] [/M] [/O] [/P] [/F:file]
        [/C:string] [/G:file] [/D:dir list] [/A:color attributes] [/OFF[LINE]]
        strings [[drive:][path]filename[ ...]]

  /B          At the beginning of a line, pairing mode .
  /E          Pairing patterns at the end of a line .
  /L          Use search strings by word .
  /R          Use the search string as a general expression .
  /S          Search the current directory and all subdirectories for matching files .
  /I          Specifies that the search is case insensitive .
  /X          Print exactly matched lines .
  /V          Print only lines without matching .
  /N          Print the number of lines before each matched line .
  /M          If the file contains a match , Print only its file name .
  /O          Print character offset before each matching line .
  /P          Ignore files with non printable characters .
  /OFF[LINE]  Do not skip files with offline property sets .
  /A:attr     Specifies a color property with a hexadecimal number . Please see  "color /?"
  /F:file     Read the list of files from the specified file  (/  On behalf of the console ).
  /C:string   Use the specified string as the text search string .
  /G:file     Gets the search string from the specified file . (/  On behalf of the console ).
  /D:dir      Find a semicolon delimited list of directories 
  strings     Text to find .
  [drive:][path]filename
              Specify the file to look for .

 Unless the parameter has  /C  Prefix , Please use spaces to separate search strings .
 for example : 'FINDSTR "hello there" x.y'  In the file  x.y  Search for  "hello"  or 
"there".'FINDSTR /C:"hello there" x.y'  file  x.y   seek 
"hello there".

 Quick reference to general expressions :
  .         wildcard :  Any character 
  *         repeat :  Previous characters or classes appear zero or more times 
  ^         Row position :  The beginning of the line 
  $         Row position :  The end of the line 
  [class]   Character class :  Any character in the character set 
  [^class]  Complement character class :  Any character that is not in the character set 
  [x-y]     Range :  Any character within the specified range 
  \x       Escape:  Metacharacters  x  The use of words in English 
  \<xyz     Word position :  The beginning of the word 
  xyz\>     Word position :  The end of the word 

 of  FINDSTR  Details of common expressions , See online Command Reference .

（1） Yes /d:dir Additional instructions for , The original help information is not very intuitive , for instance 【/d:dir1;dir2;dir3】.

（2） For parameters /r Additional instructions for , Now the default is not to add , No addition string It will also be recognized as regular expressions （ General expressions ） Of . Maybe this parameter field was added originally strings Is a regular expression , After the revision, this parameter remains . It's a legacy of history .

2.2 Field strings And parameters /r、 Parameters /g:file

2.2.1 Field strings And parameters /c:string

Field strings Is used to specify the search string , I wonder if you noticed that this word is plural ？

In fact, this means fields strings Multiple strings are allowed , The strings are separated by spaces , for example 【abc def ghi】, Search separately 【abc】、【def】、【ghi】, For a certain line, just search one of them , Would pass .

If the field strings There is only one string （ There are no spaces 、 There is no special symbol ）,  Without quotation marks .

If the field strings Are multiple strings separated by spaces , Or there are special symbols in a single string （ such as &）, You need quotation marks .

And the parameters /c:string The noun form of is singular , This also means that once parameters are added /c, You can only search a single string , For details, see 2.4.2 Section . 

Field strings And parameters /c:string, Both support regular expressions （ Wildcards are not to mention ）, See the next section .

2.2.2 Regular expressions and parameters /r

stay findstr In the command statement , The typical regular expression rules supported are as follows ：

.         wildcard :  Any character 
*         repeat :  Previous characters or classes appear zero or more times 
^         Row position :  The beginning of the line 
$         Row position :  The end of the line 
[class]   Character class :  Any character in the character set 
[^class]  Complement character class :  Any character that is not in the character set 
[x-y]     Range :  Any character within the specified range 
\x       Escape:  Metacharacters  x  The use of words in English 
\<xyz     Word position :  The beginning of the word 
xyz\>     Word position :  The end of the word 

  The above 10 The first sign is “ Metacharacters ”, It has special meaning in regular expression grammar ( Operator or separator ) The symbol of .

（ ordinary ）“ Text character ” Is a character that has no special meaning in regular expression syntax , Is the basic item of the matching string . for example ,26 Letters and 10 All numbers are literal characters （ Text character ）.

（1） Wildcards and repetition characters （.、*）

【.】 The number is a wildcard , Represents an arbitrary character .

【*】 No. is a repetition character , It does not represent any character in regular expressions , It's the number of repetitions of the left character or expression ,【*】 The sign indicates that the number of repetitions is zero or more .

【.*】 For any character , It can be zero characters , It's also multiple .

The following is a classic application case of wildcards and repetition characters .

have only 【.】 Time of signal ,【.】 The number of symbols indicates the minimum number of characters in the matching line , for example 【.】 What matches is a line with at least one character , and 【.....】 What matches is at least 5 Character lines .

From file tool.txt Find any character in , Do not include empty characters or empty lines , Can execute orders 【findstr . tool.txt】 or 【findstr "." tool.txt】.

From file tool.txt Find any character in , Including blank characters and blank lines , Can execute orders 【findstr .* tool.txt】 or 【findstr ".*" tool.txt】.

（2） Find any character in the character set （[class]、[^class]、[x-y]）

class The formal representation can be separated discretely and independently , for example 【aef】; The minus sign means take ASCII Characters encoded between left and right symbols , for example [e-h] Means to take from e To h Between the letters （ Case insensitive ）; and ^ Represents the complement of the following character set .

Generally, you can only use ASCII character （ It can't be Chinese characters ）; In addition, for some special characters , Need to escape .

For English quotation marks 【"】, Need to escape ; If it is a single quotation mark , The just 【"""】, That is to say ["""].

For minus sign 【-】 There is no need to escape , Just write it in discrete form , such as [-a-z] Means to match any letter plus a minus sign .

If you insert wildcards into the character set 【.】 And repetition 【*】, It will put 【.】 and 【*】 Treat as normal characters , There is no meaning of wildcard and repetition .

From file tool.txt The search in includes a、b、c、e、z、y Letter String or line , Executable command 【findstr "[abcezy]" tool.txt】.

From file tool.txt Mask strings or lines that do not conform to the rules , If it is Pure numeric strings or lines are filtered out and not displayed （ for example 237623）, If it contains non numeric characters, it is reserved （ such as 34yht888）, Executable command 【findstr "[^0-9]" tool.txt】.

From file tool.txt Search for Lowercase characters a-f,l-z String , That is, it does not include g h I j k These letters , Executable command 【findstr "[a-fl-z]" tool.txt】.

From file tool.txt The search in includes Arbitrary number String or line , Executable command 【findstr "[0-9]" tool.txt】.

From file tool.txt The search in includes Any letter String or line , Executable command 【findstr "[a-z]" tool.txt】, Note that there is no need to write 【findstr "[a-zA-Z]" tool.txt】, Because if it is x-y In the form of , The default is case insensitive . And if it is similar [abc] This discrete form , It is case sensitive .

From file tool.txt The middle match consists of two Character set combination Such as MahY , MbiY, MahY etc. ….., Executable command 【findstr "M[abc][hig]Y" tool.txt】.

（3） The beginning and end of a line and the beginning and end of a word （^、$、\<、\>）

In the help message ,“ word ” Corresponding to English prototype word, So Chinese Translation “ The word can also be replaced with “ word ”, Directly use the prefix and suffix in the subtitle to enhance the intuition .

The line anchor is ^ and $, Corresponding to the beginning and end of the line respectively , The word anchor is \< and \>, Corresponding to the beginning and end of the word respectively .

The head and tail of the line , That is, the starting position and the ending position , It's easy to understand .

Here's an example , Help you understand the head and tail anchors of lines .

^ Indicates the beginning of the line ,"^step" Match only "step hello world" The first word in ;$ End of line ,"step$" Match only "hello world step" The last word in .

Here's an example , Help you understand the head and tail anchors of words .

text file 【tool.txt】 There are two behaviors in "abcd" and "abcd e".

Carry out orders 【findstr "cd\>" tool.txt】, Both lines will appear , As long as they are connected （ Not opened by the space ） Combined with cd At the end of the （ It is not required to be the end of the line ） All satisfied with , It's equivalent to cd The line of the ending word will be found .

These two lines begin and end with anchors , It is often used to filter out pure numbers or letters .

For example, you want to filter tool.txt In the text file Pure number String or line , Executable command 【findstr "^[0-9]*$" tool.txt】,

for example 【675758345】 Will be preserved , and 【46752kkjl4】 It was filtered out . 

For example, you want to filter tool.txt In the text file Pure letter String or line , Executable command 【findstr "^[a-z]*$" tool.txt】,

for example 【hythdfgdgiuf】 Retain , and 【956sdsftgruylk】、【1321argad13】 It's filtered out .

Line beginning and end anchor 【^、$】 Match repetition 【*】, Realize string or line matching multiple quantity symbols

If not in the search string 【*】 Number , That is to say, do not repeat the search criteria on the left .

for example 【^[0-9]】 Match any string or line with a number at the beginning of the line , and 【[a-zA-Z]$】 Match any string or line with letters at the end of the line .

If the anchor at the beginning and end of the line is added at the same time , That is, the beginning and end of the line are limited at the same time , Then there are several brackets corresponding to several characters . for example 【^[0-9]$】 Only rows with only one number will be matched , and 【^[0-9][A-Za-z]$】 Only the first character will be matched to a number 、 The second character is the line of letters .

（4） Escape of metacharacters ——/x（escape To signify an escape ）

We mentioned above that meta characters include wildcards 【.】、 Repetition character 【*】、 Any symbol 【[】 and 【]】、 Continuous character 【-】、 Complement character 【^】、 Line beginning and end anchor 【^】 and 【$】、 Initial and final characters 【/<】 and 【>/】.

If the metacharacter is compared to x, So if we want to match the normal text form of metacharacters , It can be used 【/x】; For example, for continuous characters 【-】 The escape of , The corresponding is 【/-】.

In addition, this article will be wordy for many times —— For the escape of double quotation marks , Use double quotes , That is to say 【"】 Need to escape into 【"""】,【abc"def】 To be written 【abc"""def】.

For forward slash 【/】 The escape of , Same as double quotation marks , Solve it by itself , That is to say 【/】 Need to escape into 【//】.

2.2.3 Parameters of string Batch Search /g:filepath

Parameters /g After filepath It's a text file , Each line represents a search string .

from tool.txt The file changes slightly , Generate goal.txt file .

Then , Then execute the order 【findstr /g:goal.txt tool.txt】, give the result as follows , Finally, we found two matching lines .

2.3 Field filepath And parameters /d:dir1;dir2、 Parameters /f:file、 Parameters /s

2.3.1 Search location —— Field filepath

Of this section filepath It refers to the fields in the help information [[drive:][path]filename[ ...]], The simplified version is true ！

Field strings The search string is specified , That is, what to search ; And fields filepath The search location is specified , That is, where to search .

You can take an absolute path , You can also use the relative path .

You can not only search a single text file , You can also search multiple text files , At this time, the path strings of different files should be separated by spaces .

in addition filepath Wildcard characters are also supported 【*】 And wildcards 【?】.

For example, execute command 【findstr /r "abc dedgth.t" tool?.txt】, The final result includes tool.txt and too1.txt Information about .

Another example is to execute orders 【findstr /r "abc" *.*】 or 【findstr /r "abc" "*.*"】, Will be in All files in the current directory in Search for Whether there is a string abc.

2.3.2 Search in one or more directories —— Parameters /d:dir1 dir2 dir3

How to use this parameter , Write the code according to the help message , It should be easy to achieve , But in the end, we can't effectively see the expected effect .

Execute the order first 【findstr /r /s "AA" *.*】, Find the files in the current directory and all its subdirectories that contain AA The line of .

Then execute the order 【findstr /r /s "AA" /d:dir1;dir2】, But the error is reported and the directory cannot be found .

Change to absolute Directory , perform 【findstr /r "AA" /d:D:\D-desktop\test5\dir1;D:\D-desktop\test5\dir2】, I still can't .

--------------------- Update the dividing line ----------------------------

After some exploration , I finally understand .

Original parameters /d:dir1;dir2;dir3 Can't put strings Behind ; It turns out that even if parameters are added /d:dir1;dir2;dir3, Must also be given filepath Matching rules of .

So the parameter /d:dir1;dir2;dir3 What is given is only the starting search directory , When adding this parameter , Default to CMD The current directory is used as the starting search directory ; The starting search directory refers to the subdirectory “ The starting point ”.

And the reason why we have to specify filepath Matching rules , The reason is to avoid too many non text files in the directory , This search is extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive , In addition, it can also improve the diversity of matching rules and the accuracy of matching .

Carry out orders 【findstr /r /d:dir1;dir2;dir3 "AA" *.*】 after , give the result as follows , Very successful ！！！

2.3.3 Borrow the path provided by the text file （ Catalog ） To search for —— Parameters /f:file

Create a new text file , The contents are as follows , front 3 Lines are relative paths to files , The last line is a relative directory path

next , We don't care about the specified file path , But is the directory path like 2.3.2 The section also needs to specify the matching rule later ？

Might as well try. , We carry out orders 【findstr /r /f:paths.txt "AA" "*.*"】, give the result as follows

If no matching rule is specified , Carry out orders  【findstr /r /f:paths.txt "AA"】, Finally, there will be no search results for the current directory .

 

later , I reflect on myself , Is it a parameter /f:filepath Directory paths are not supported ？ Look back at the help information ,“ Read file list ” Instead of reading the folder list , So the official meaning should not support reading folders inside .

/F:file     Read the list of files from the specified file  (/  On behalf of the console ).

2.3.4 The search scope goes deep vertically , Expand to subdirectories —— Parameters /s

If you don't add parameters /s, Carry out orders 【findstr /r "AA" *.*】, You can only find all files that meet the rules in the current directory .

Execute the order first 【findstr /r /s "AA" *.*】, Find the files in the current directory and all its subdirectories that contain AA The line of .

2.4 Search method parameters /b、/e、/c、/l、/i、/x、/v、

2.4.1 Line beginning and end positioning parameters —— Parameters /b、/e

The function of locating parameters in this section is actually the same as that of metacharacters of regular expressions 【^】、【$】 The function is exactly the same , The search string can only be searched and matched close to the beginning or end of the line .

For example, add parameters /b, You must put the search string at the beginning of the line to match , And a certain line is 【rfgwercd fwerfreg】, We can order 【findstr /l "fwerf" tool.txt】 Find this line , But you can't use commands 【findstr /l /b "fwerf" tool.txt】 find out .

Empathy , Parameters /e As the end of line positioning parameter , The implementation mechanism is also very simple .

Parameters /b And parameters /e You can add , Because there is no conflict , A search string can be close to the beginning or end of the line .

2.4.2 Search string with spaces , Parameters to be added /c

If the search string has spaces , for instance 【A B C】, that cmd By default, the program will search for strings in turn in the search source 【A】、【B】、【C】, As long as one of them meets the rules , Would pass .

But if the string we are searching for itself has spaces , In other words, you need to search with spaces ？

You need parameters /c 了 , And it needs to be written as /c:string In the form of . We can c as connect Abbreviation , The strings on both sides of the space are connected into a whole , This memorizes parameters /c Stronger .

By order 【findstr /c:"ab c" tool.txt】 For example , The last search should really include 【ab c】 String or line ; And if you don't add parameters /c, It's written in 【findstr "ab c" tool.txt】, So similar 【abasdref】、【cdsagrgtr】 The string or line of will also be passed .

2.4.3 Search strings as words —— Parameters /l

I don't understand how to use this parameter .

If the search string is part or all of a word , And this word appears on a certain line , Then this industry is indeed approved .

And if there are spaces in the search string , That is, there are multiple words , At this time, they will be searched separately , As long as the string in a certain line happens to have one of these words （ Partial match or perfect match ）, Will be passed .

Parameters /l Can it be related to parameters /c collocation ？ Try to execute the order 【findstr /l /c:"wercd fwerf" tool.txt】, The results are as follows . Will also pass , I am particularly puzzled about this , Because since you search by word , A word cannot have spaces , There are spaces in the search string and parameters /c Limited to a whole , Finally, treat it as a word , Isn't it absurd ？

From the test above , I can't see any added parameters /l The meaning of , It feels the same whether you add it or not .

2.4.4 Whole line matching , The beginning and end of the line are close to —— Parameters /x

What is whole line matching ？ That is, the string to be searched occupies one line , Not part of it .

It is also easy to get , This matching pattern is actually the same as the first and last line matching , That is, below 3 The execution result of this command is exactly the same .

findstr /e /b "fg" tool.txt

findstr /x "fg" tool.txt

findstr "^fg$" tool.txt

2.4.5 Case insensitive —— Parameters /i

findstr Command statements are case sensitive by default , If you want to make no distinction , Parameters can be added /i.

Parameters i yes ignore Abbreviation , Said to ignore , Ignore the case , Isn't it case insensitive ？

Carry out orders 【findstr /i "aa" tool.txt】, The results of the final search include AA.

2.4.6 Search the complement of the target string —— Parameters /v

The default is what to search , Output （ Show ） what , This is the time to choose what you want ; But there is a case that the target cannot be output （ Show ）, At this point is to choose what not to .

Add parameter /v, Carry out orders 【findstr /v "AA" tool.txt】, Those with AA The lines of the string will be discarded .

2.5 Display option parameters /m、/n、/o

Display option parameters /m、/n、/o Just change the display style , Do not change the contents of the text file .

These three parameters do not conflict with any other parameters ; But the parameters /m And parameters /n、 Parameters /o There are conflicts , Because only displaying the file name means that the sequence number of the line where the string is located cannot be displayed 、 You cannot display string offset values .

Parameters /m Indicates that only file name ,

Parameters /n Presentation display Line number ,

Parameters /o Indicates the offset value of the display target string from the beginning of the file （ Offset bytes , Instead of offsetting the number of characters ）.

about ASCII character , A character is a byte （ Such as spaces ）, Invisible carriage return 、 The newline character takes two bytes , But for Chinese symbols or Chinese characters , A Chinese character corresponds to 2-4 Bytes .

3、 ... and 、find Command and findstr Distinction of command

3.1 find The command supports counting the total number of rows

find The command supports parameters /c（ Show only the number of matching rows ）, You can count the number of rows that meet the rules .

for example 【find /c "A" tool.txt】 You can count test.txt It contains a string abc The total number of rows of , and findstr The command does not directly provide this function , Need to cooperate with for Statement to achieve .

findstr Parameters of the command statement /c The function is not counting （count）, It's about connecting （connect） ; Parameters /c Followed by string Spaces are allowed , Instead of treating it as two strings .

3.2 find The command supports finding Unicode character

Generally speaking, these can be compared with ASCII Compatible characters , The special language of a country （ For example, simplified Chinese 、 Japanese 、 Korean ） Commonly used Utf8 code , So if you want to check, except ASCII Characters outside the encoding range , It needs to be used. find command . 

find Yes " How ", however findstr We can't find out .

If you want to search unicode character , And want something similar findstr The power of commands , You can download a third-party program ——GNU Grep for windows, detailed See download official website . 

3.3 find The command supports filtering special characters

The ideas in this section come from the Internet , Probably 2012 Year is very popular ; I don't know why I can't realize , May be cmd The command has been updated ？ I don't say much nonsense , Quote their views , Here are the old pickles for the audience .

find You can filter some special characters , and findstr No way. .

such as , We are using 【fsutil fsinfo drives】 Statement when querying disk partitions , If you want the drive letter to be displayed separately instead of on the same line Hou （ In use for Statement is very useful when extracting drive letters ）,find You can show your skill , and findstr I can only stare .

The specific code is  :【fsutil fsinfo drives|find /v ""】, The output is as follows .

If change to findstr, You're going to report a mistake .

although find The results are not displayed in multiple lines , however findstr There was no result .  Probably 2012 That's what netizens in said about advantage ？

3.4 findstr Ordered string Fields support wildcards

In the search string ,find You cannot use wildcards (*  and  ？) .

To use wildcards and regex Pattern search string , Only use findstr command , Or download third-party programs grep.

3.5 find The command cannot read the alternate data stream

find The command cannot read the alternate data stream .

To search in alternate data streams , Please use  findstr、more or for /f command .

The above quote , come from Microsoft official website on find Comments for the command .

So far, I still don't understand the meaning of standby data flow ？ The English name is alternate data streams.

3.6 find and findstr All commands support exit codes （ Error code ）

find and findstr The exit code of the command is 3 Kind of , Each represents different search results .

Exit code	explain
0	Find the search string
1	The search string cannot be found
2	The file searched cannot be found or an invalid command line switch is specified

findstr command  

find command